Dual-channel fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance sensor with cascaded coaxial dual-waveguide D-type structure and microsphere structure

To address the restriction of fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance(SPR) sensors in the field of multi-sample detection, a novel dual-channel fiber-optic SPR sensor based on the cascade of coaxial dual-waveguide D-type structure and microsphere structure is proposed in this paper. The fiber sidepolishing technique converts the coaxial dual-waveguide fiber into a D-type one, and the evanescent wave in the ring core leaks, generating a D-type sensing region;the fiber optic fused ball push technology converts the coaxial dual waveguides into microspheres, and the stimulated cladding mode evanescent wave leaks, producing the microsphere sensing region. By injecting light into the coaxial dual-waveguide middle core alone, the sensor can realize single-stage sensing in the microsphere sensing area;it can also realize dual-channel sensing in the D-type sensing area and microsphere sensing area by injecting light into the ring core. The refractive index measurement ranges for the two channels are 1.333–1.365 and 1.375–1.405, respectively, with detection sensitivities of 981.56 nm/RIU and 4138 nm/RIU. The sensor combines wavelength division multiplexing and space division multiplexing technologies, presenting a novel research concept for multi-channel fiber SPR sensors.

Robust dual-channel correlation algorithm for complex weak target detection with wideband radar

In the scene of wideband radar,due to the spread of target scattering points,the attitude and angle of view of the target constantly change in the process of moving.It is difficult to predict,and the actual echo of multiple scattered points is not fully matched with the transmitted signal.Therefore,it is challenging for the traditional matching filter method to achieve a complete matching effect in wideband echo detection.In addition,the energy dispersion of complex target echoes is still a problem in radar target detection under broadband conditions.Therefore,this paper proposes a wideband target detection method based on dualchannel correlation processing of range-extended targets.This method fully uses the spatial distribution characteristics of target scattering points of echo signal and the matching characteristics of the dual-channel point extension function itself.The radial accumulation of wideband target echo signal in the complex domain is realized through the adaptive correlation processing of a dual-channel echo signal.The accu-mulation effect of high matching degree is achieved to improve the detection probability and the performance of wideband detection.Finally,electromagnetic simulation experiments and measured data verify that the proposed method has the advan-tages of high signal to noise ratio(SNR)gain and high detection probability under low SNR conditions.

Altruism and Pricing Strategy in Dual-Channel Supply Chains

With the development of behavioral operational management, human behavior such as altruism, fairness and trust has received considerable attention. This paper studies the effect of altruism on retailer’s and manufacturer’s pricing strategy in two classic dual-channel supply chains by presenting Stackelberg game models. The analysis shows that the player’s altruism preference strongly affects their pricing strategies. The more altruistic one player is, the more profits the other player obtains. Moreover, the effect of manufacturer’s altruistic preference is larger than that of retailer’s. In addition, online price is always lower than offline price in dual-channel supply chain, which still holds true considering altruism. The results also reveal that the product web-fit has significant effect on the player’s optimal pricing strategies. The more compatible with online market the product is, the lower the retail price is set, and the more profit the manufacturer obtains whereas the less the retailer gets.

Dual-Channel Communication of Column Plasma Antenna Excited by a Surface Wave——Actualization and Simulation of Radiation Pattern

Along with the introduction of the concept of dual-channel communication,we utilized the finite-difference time-domain（FDTD） method to simulate and measure the radiation pattern under certain plasma densities and plasma collision frequencies.Results show that under certain settings,the radiation pattern of a plasma antenna resembles that of a metallic antenna.In contrast to a metallic antenna,a plasma antenna possesses other functionalities,such as dynamic reconfiguration and digital controllability.The data from simulation are similar to the measurement results,indicating that column plasma antenna can realize dual-channel communication.This work confirms the viability of realizing dual-channel communication by column plasma antenna,which adds a new but promising method for modern intelligent communication.

Consumer Choice, Firm Performance and Channel Coordination in a Dual-Channel Distribution System

The expanding role of the Internet in consumer purchasing activities has created substantial new opportunities accessing to end-consumers. More and more manufacturers are beginning to sell products to potential consumers directly online while continuing to sell through the traditional brick-and-mortar retailers, a phenomenon leading to intense channel competition and conflicts. Using game theory, this research examines the effect of market segments, consumer choice and the acceptance of direct online channels on firm performance and the whole system’s profit. The analysis indicates that the addition of direct online channel does not necessarily harm the incumbent retailers. A win-win zone is proposed, in which both the manufacturer and the retailer benefit from the encroachment.

Designing cost-effective network-on-chip by dual-channel access mechanism

A dual-channel access mechanism to overcome the drawback of traditional single-channel access mechanism for network-on-chip （NoC） is proposed. In traditional single-channel access mechanism, every Internet protocol （IP） has only one chan- nel to access the on-chip network. When the network is relatively idle, the injection rate is too small to make good use of the network resource. When the network is relatively busy, the ejection rate is so small that the packets in the network cannot leave immediately, and thus the probability of congestion is increased. In the dual-channel access mechanism, the injection rate of IP and the ejection rate of the network are increased by using two optional channels in network interface （NI） and local port of routers. Therefore, the communication performance is improved. Experimental results show that compared with traditional single-channel access mechanism, the proposed scheme greatly increases the throughput and cuts down the average latency with reasonable area increase.

Numerical Simulation of Dual-Channel Communication of Column Plasma Antenna Excited by a Surface Wave

This paper focuses on the application of plasma as wireless antenna. In order to reveal the radiation characteristics of column plasma antenna, we chose the finite-difference time- domain （FDTD） numerical analysis method to simulate radiation impedance and efficiencies of each channel for a few sets of plasma densities and plasma collision frequencies. Simulation results demonstrate that a plasma antenna shares similar characteristics with a metallic antenna in radiation impedance and efficiency of each channel when an appropriate setting is adopted. Unlike a metallic antenna, a plasma antenna is capable of realizing such functions as dynamic reconfiguration, digital control and dual-channel communication. Thus it is possible to carry out dual-channel communication by plasma antenna, indicating a new path for modern intelligent communication.

A Dual-Channel Secure Transmission Scheme for Internet-Based Networked Control Systems

Two significant issues in Internet-based networked control systems （ INCSs）, transport performance of different protocols and security breach from Internet side, are investigated. First, for improving the performance of data transmission, user datagram protocol （UDP） is adopted as the main stand for controllers and plants using INCSs. Second, a dual-channel secure transmission scheme （DCSTS）based on data transmission characteristics of INCSs is proposed, in which a raw UDP channel and a secure TCP （transmission control protocol） connection making use of SSL/TLS （secure sockets layer/transport layer security） are included. Further, a networked control protocol （NCP） at application layer for supporting DCSTS between the controllers and plants in INCSs is designed, and it also aims at providing a universal communication mechanism for interoperability of devices among the networked control laboratories in Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Central South University of China and Tokyo University of Technology of Japan. By means of a networked single-degree-of-free- dom robot arm, an INCS under the new protocol and security environment is created. Compared with systems such as IPSec or SSL/TLS, which may cause more than 91% network throughput deduction, the new DCSTS protocol may yield results ten times better, being just 5.67%.

Asymmetric Dual-Channel MAC Protocol for Multihop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

In order to resolve the hidden and exposed terminal problems and improve the probability of concurrent packet transmissions for multihop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs), a novel slotted Asymmetric Dual-Channel Medium Access Control (ADC-MAC) protocol is proposed. It exploits simultaneous reservation with less collisions and collision-free data packet transmissions, and achieves optimal transmission balance on the Control Channel (CCH) and Data Channel (DCH) by adjusting the relationship between Reservation Slot (RS) on the CCH and the data packet Transmission Slot (TS) on the DCH. Transmission interferences can be avoided by only observing CCH for the transmission time of a data packet. The proposed RS and contention micro-slot backoff mechanisms also greatly improve channel access efficiency. Simulation results show that compared to IEEE 802.11 DCF and π-Mc protocols, the proposed protocol can achieve a throughput gain of 88% in single-hop networks and 151% in multihop networks at the same total data rate.

Experimental Study of Flow Field at the Outlet of Dual-Channel Burner

This paper presents an experimental study result of flow field of a dual-channel burner. In order to solve the ubiquitous problem of bad rigidity of jets in dual-channel burners, wedges with different arrangements and structural parameters were added to different positions at the outlet of the burners. Laser Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used in this study to measure the flow field to investigate influence of the wedges on flow field of the dual-channel burner. Experimental study shows that fixing wedges at both right and left sides of the burner's outlet can increase the intensity of recirculation without changing the size of the recirculation zone and enhance the rigidity of jets via increasing speed of the two primary air jets at the outlet.

Research on Alliance Decision of Dual-Channel Remanufacturing Supply Chain Considering Bidirectional Free-Riding and Cost-Sharing

This study delves into the formation dynamics of alliances within a closed-loop supply chain(CLSC)that encom-passes a manufacturer,a retailer,and an e-commerce platform.It leverages Stackelberg game for this exploration,contrasting the equilibrium outcomes of a non-alliance model with those of three differentiated alliance models.The non-alliance model acts as a crucial benchmark,enabling the evaluation of the motivations for various supply chain entities to engage in alliance formations.Our analysis is centered on identifying the most effective alliance strategies and establishing a coordination within these partnerships.We thoroughly investigate the consequences of diverse alliance behaviors,bidirectional free-riding and cost-sharing,and the resultant effects on the optimal decision-making among supply chain actors.The findings underscore several pivotal insights:(1)The behavior of alliances within the supply chain exerts variable impacts on the optimal pricing and demand of its members.In comparison to the non-alliance(D)model,the manufacturer-retailer(MR)and manufacturer-e-commerce platform(ME)alliances significantly lower both offline and online resale prices for new and remanufactured goods.This adjustment leads to an enhanced demand for products via the MR alliance’s offline outlets and the ME alliance’s online platforms,thereby augmenting the profits for those within the alliance.Conversely,retailer-e-commerce platform(ER)alliance tends to increase the optimal retail price and demand across both online and offline channels.Under specific conditions,alliance behavior can also increase the profits of non-alliance members,and the profits derived through alliance channels also exceed those from non-alliance channels.(2)The prevalence of bidirectional free-riding behavior largely remains constant across different alliance configurations.Across these models,bidirectional free-riding typically elevates the equilibrium prices in offline channel while negatively affecting the equilibrium prices in other channel.(3)The effect of cost-sharing shows relative uniformity across the various alliance models.Across all configurations,cost-sharing tends to reduce the manufacturer’s profits.Nonetheless,alliances initiated by the manufacturer can counteract these negative impacts,providing a strategic pathway to bolster CLSC profitability.

考虑碳排放与交付时间敏感的渠道选择研究

为了研究消费者对碳排放和交付时间具有双重敏感性的市场环境下,制造商选择传统单一零售渠道或网上零售渠道的策略,本文构建了由制造商和传统零售商组成的传统单一零售渠道和网上直销双渠道两种供应链结构,对比分析两种模型的均衡定价策略及供应链成员的最优利润,探讨在消费者具有双重敏感性下,零售商与制造商的渠道偏好。研究发现,双渠道的碳减排水平总是比单渠道的高。当消费者偏好于网上直销渠道,且消费者的双重敏感性及双渠道中渠道竞争均较小时,零售商愿意接受较高的批发价格并且偏好传统单一零售渠道;反之,零售商更偏好网上直销双渠道。当消费者偏好于网上直销渠道时,制造商会选择网上直销双渠道模型。当消费者不偏好网上直销渠道,且消费者双重敏感性及双渠道中渠道竞争均较小时,制造商才会选择传统单一零售渠道模型;否则,即使消费者不偏好网上渠道,双重敏感性及竞争有一项较大时,制造商也会选择网上直销双渠道。

双通道特征融合的真实场景点云语义分割方法

真实场景点云不仅具有点云的空间几何信息,还具有三维物体的颜色信息,现有的网络无法有效利用真实场景的局部特征以及空间几何特征信息,因此提出了一种双通道特征融合的真实场景点云语义分割方法DCFNet(dual-channel feature fusion of real scene for point cloud semantic segmentation)可用于不同场景下的室内外场景语义分割。更具体地说,为了解决不能充分提取真实场景点云颜色信息的问题,该方法采用上下两个输入通道,通道均采用相同的特征提取网络结构,其中上通道的输入是完整RGB颜色和点云坐标信息,该通道主要关注于复杂物体对象场景特征,下通道仅输入点云坐标信息,该通道主要关注于点云的空间几何特征;在每个通道中为了更好地提取局部与全局信息,改善网络性能,引入了层间融合模块和Transformer通道特征扩充模块;同时,针对现有的三维点云语义分割方法缺乏关注局部特征与全局特征的联系,导致对复杂场景的分割效果不佳的问题,对上下两个通道所提取的特征通过DCFFS(dual-channel feature fusion segmentation)模块进行融合,并对真实场景进行语义分割。对室内复杂场景和大规模室内外场景点云分割基准进行了实验,实验结果表明,提出的DCFNet分割方法在S3DIS Area5室内场景数据集以及STPLS3D室外场景数据集上,平均交并比(MIOU)分别达到71.18%和48.87%,平均准确率(MACC)和整体准确率(OACC)分别达到77.01%与86.91%,实现了真实场景的高精度点云语义分割。

双边资金约束下的双渠道供应链定价与碳减排决策研究

考虑由单个零售商和单个制造商组成的双渠道供应链,针对分散式决策下制造商和零售商都存在的资金约束,研究银行贷款+延期支付融资策略和双边银行贷款融资策略对双渠道供应链最优定价及碳减排决策的影响.研究结果表明:采用银行贷款+延期支付融资策略时,制造商最优线上销售价格、零售商最优线下销售价格都高于无资金约束时的价格,而且都随着银行贷款利率或延期支付融资利率的增大而增加;采用双边银行贷款融资策略时,制造商最优线上销售价格与银行贷款利率成U型关系,且只有当银行贷款利率大于0.55后最优线上销售价格才会高于无资金约束时的价格,零售商的线下销售价格随着银行贷款利率的增大而增加,而且高于采用银行贷款+延期支付融资策略时的价格;无论采取何种融资策略以及银行贷款利率或延期支付融资利率如何变化,制造商的最优批发价格、最优碳减排率、零售商的利润、制造商的利润都比无资金约束时的要低,而且都随着银行贷款利率或延期支付融资利率的增大而降低;只有当银行贷款利率较小时,采用银行贷款+延期支付融资策略时的制造商最优批发价格才会比双边银行贷款融资策略时的高;采用银行贷款+延期支付融资策略时的制造商最优碳减排率、零售商利润、制造商利润都比采用双边银行贷款融资策略时的大.

基于A-BiLSTM和CNN的文本分类

为解决单一神经网络不能获取准确全局文本信息的问题,提出一种基于A-BiLSTM双通道和优化CNN的文本分类模型。A-BiLSTM双通道层使用注意力机制关注对文本分类贡献值较大的部分,并用BiLSTM提取文本中上下文语义信息;A-BiLSTM双通道层中将两者输出的特征信息融合,得到高级语义;A-BiLSTM双通道层后,使用优化CNN的强学习能力提取关键局部特征,得到最终文本特征表示。分类器输出文本信息的类别。实验结果表明,该模型分类效果优于其它对比模型,具有良好的泛化能力。

双通道深度图像先验降噪模型

相对于采用固定网络参数值的有监督深度降噪模型而言,无监督的深度图像先验(Deep Image Prior,DIP)降噪模型更具灵活性和实用性.然而,DIP模型的降噪效果远低于有监督降噪模型(尤其是在处理人工合成噪声图像时).为进一步提升DIP降噪模型的降噪效果,本文提出了双通道深度图像先验降噪模型.该降噪模型由噪声图像预处理、在线迭代训练和图像融合3个模块组成.首先,利用BM3D和FFDNet两种经典降噪方法对给定的噪声图像进行预处理,得到2张初步降噪图像,然后,将原DIP单通道逼近目标图像架构拓展为双通道工作模式.其中,第一通道以FFDNet初步降噪图像和噪声图像为双目标图像,第二通道则以BM3D预处理图像和噪声图像为双目标图像.在此基础上,按照标准的DIP在线训练方式让DIP网络输出图像在两个通道上分别逼近各自的目标图像,同时依据基于边缘能量定义的伪有参考图像质量评价值适时终止迭代过程,从而获得2张中间生成图像.最后,使用结构化图块分解融合算法将两张中间生成图像融合并作为最终的降噪后图像.实验数据表明,在合成噪声图像上,本文提出的双通道深度图像先验降噪模型在各个噪声水平上显著优于原DIP及其他无监督降噪模型(提升了约2.2 dB),甚至逼近和超过了新近提出的主流有监督降噪模型,这充分表明了本文提出的改进策略的有效性;在真实噪声图像上,本文提出的降噪模型优于排名第二的对比降噪方法约2 dB,展现出其在实际应用场景下独有的优势.

碳限额约束下双渠道供应链减排成本分担演化博弈研究

碳限额背景下,考虑到碳减排技术的高成本,双渠道供应链中的制造商倾向于与零售商共担成本以减少企业风险。对制造商和零售商碳减排成本分担冲突问题进行研究,有助于供应链协同减排,促进国家实现碳减排目标。本文针对一个制造商和一个零售商组成的双渠道供应链系统,运用演化博弈模型研究碳限额约束下的减排成本分担及减排策略(投资碳减排技术和购买碳排放配额)选择问题,并分析价格调控机制对演化稳定策略的影响。研究发现:存在(制造商不投资,零售商不投资)、(制造商投资,零售商不投资)和(制造商不投资,零售商投资)三种演化稳定策略;进一步,当引入价格调控机制时,双渠道供应链系统在策略(制造商投资,零售商投资)上也能形成稳定。此外,通过仿真分析验证了上述理论结果,并讨论了不同情形下的产品批发价格、减排技术成本、碳交易成本、成本分担比例对制造商和零售商共同分担碳减排技术成本意愿的影响。

基于GaAs E/D PHEMT工艺的Ku波段双通道幅相控制多功能芯片

基于GaAs增强/耗尽型赝配高电子迁移率晶体管(E/D PHEMT)工艺设计了一款14~18 GHz的双通道多功能芯片。芯片集成了单刀双掷(SPDT)开关、6 bit数控移相器、4 bit数控衰减器和增益补偿放大器。采用正压控制开关以减小控制位数;优化移相、衰减和放大等电路拓扑结构,以获得良好的幅相特性;采用紧凑布局、双通道对称的版图设计,以实现小尺寸和高性能。测试结果表明,+5 V电压下,接收通道增益大于3 dB,1 dB压缩点输出功率大于8 dBm;发射通道增益大于1 dB,1 dB压缩点输出功率大于2 dBm;64态移相均方根误差小于2.5°,16态衰减均方根误差小于0.3 dB,芯片尺寸为3.90 mm×2.25 mm。该多功能芯片可实现对射频信号幅度和相位的高精度控制,可广泛应用于微波收发模块。

基于并行反向投影的图像超分辨率

基于反向投影的残差特征提取与融合,可有效提升深度网络的特征提取能力,从而有益于改善图像的超分辨率重构性能.在此基础上提出了一种改进的采用并行反向投影策略的图像超分辨率深度网络,通过并行增强处于不同频段的高频特征,得到超分辨率性能的进一步提升.具体进行浅层特征提取后,网络经过多级的双路并行的反向投影特征增强模块.每一级模块中包含两个通路,分别采用顺序相反的上下采样,可同时得到处于不同频段的残差特征信息.通过对多级残差特征的融合,图像的高频特征得到不断的增强.同时网络引入了多尺度特征提取与通道注意力机制,以改进特征表达和学习能力.在多个公开的数据集上的大量实验结果表明,该方法可以有效提升超分辨率性能,并且在减少模型复杂度方面有一定的成效.

单侧双通道内镜治疗重度腰椎管狭窄症的近期疗效分析

目的探讨单侧双通道内镜治疗重度腰椎管狭窄症的近期疗效及对患者硬膜囊面积、功能恢复情况的影响。方法前瞻性选取2021年1月至2023年1月衢州市人民医院收治的重度腰椎管狭窄症患者60例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各30例。观察组实施单侧双通道内镜技术,对照组实施传统腰椎后路椎板开窗减压术,比较两组患者手术效果、硬膜囊面积变化、功能恢复及并发症发生情况。结果观察组患者总优良率为93.33%,高于对照组的73.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与术前比较,术后1个月两组患者硬膜囊面积均增大,且观察组大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。与术前比较,术后3个月两组患者日本骨科协会腰痛评分均升高,Oswestry功能障碍指数均降低,且观察组均上述指标均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组和对照组并发症发生率分别为10.00%和20.00%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论单侧双通道内镜治疗重度腰椎管狭窄症近期疗效显著,可明显减轻患者术后疼痛程度,改善患者腰椎功能。