Feasibility and Diagnostic Accuracy for Assessment of Coronary Artery Stenosis of Prospectively Electrocardiogram-gated High-pitch Spiral Acquisition Mode Dual-source CT Coronary Angiography in Patients with Relatively Higher Heart Rates: in Comparison wit

Objective To prospectively investigate the diagnostic accuracy for coronary artery stenosis of prospectively electrocardiogram-triggered spiral acquisition mode (high pitch mode) dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) in patients with relatively higher heart rates (HR) compared with catheter coronary angiography (CCA). Methods Forty-seven consecutive patients with relatively higher HR (>65 and <100 bpm) (20 male, 27 female; age 55±10 years) who both underwent dual-source CTCA and CCA were prospectively included in this study. All patients were performed CTCA using high pitch mode setting at 20%-30% of the R-R interval for the image acquisition. All coronary segments were evaluated by two blinded and independent observers with regard to image quality on a three-point scale (1: excellent to 3: non-diagnostic) and for the presence of significant coronary stenoses (defined as diameter narrowing exceeding 50%). Considered CCA as the standard of reference, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. Radiation dose values were calculated using the dose-length product. Results Image quality was rated as being score 1 in 92.4% of segments, score 2 in 6.1% of segmentsand score 3 in 1.5% of segments. The average image quality score per segment was 1.064±0.306. The HR variability of patients with image score 1, 2 and 3 were 2.29±1.06 bpm, 5.17±1.37 bpm, 8.88±1.53 bpm, respectively. The average HR variability of patients with different image scores were significantly different (F=170.402, P=0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 92.6%, 97.0%, 87.6%, 98.3%, respectively, per segment and 90.0%, 95.2%, 85.3%, 96.9%, respectively, per vessel and 100%, 63.6%, 90.0%, 100%, respectively, per patient. The effective radiation dose was on average 0.86±0.16 mSv. Conclusion In patients with HR more than 65 bpm and below 100 bpm without cardiac arrhythmia, the prospectively electrocardiogram-gated high-pitch spiral acquisition mode with image acquired timing set at 20%-30% of the R-R interval provides a high diagnostic accuracy for the assessment of coronary stenoses combined with a 1.5% of non-diagnostic coronary segments and a radiation dose below 1 mSv.

Intravenous Contrast Material Administration at High-pitch Dual-source CT Coronary Angiography: Bolus-tracking Technique with Shortened Time of Respiratory Instruction Versus Test Bolus Technique

Objective To investigate the feasibility of acquiring the similar homogeneous enhancement using bolus-tracking techniques with shortened respiratory time in prospectively electrocardiogram-gated high-pitch spiral acquisition mode (Flash mode) coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) compared with test bolus technique. Methods One hundred and eighty-four consecutive patients with mean heart rate ≤65 beats per minute undergoing CCTA were prospectively included in this study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the group A (n=92) instructed to shorten respiratory time received CCTA using bolus-tracking technique with high-pitch spiral acquisition mode (Flash mode), while those in the group B (n=92) underwent CCTA with test bolus technique. The attenuation in the ascending aorta, image noise, contrast-to-noise ratio and radiation doses of the two groups were assessed. Results There were no significant differences in the mean attenuation values in the ascending aorta (483.18±59.07 HU vs. 498.7±83.51 HU, P=0.183), image noise (21.4±4.5 HU vs. 20.9±4.3 HU, P=0.414), contrast-to-noise ratio (12.1±4.2 vs. 13.8±5.1, P=0.31) between the groups A and B. There were no significant differences in the radiation dose of dynamic monitoring scans (0.056±0.026 mSv vs. 0.062±0.018 mSv, P=0.068) and radiation dose of angiography (0.94±0.07 mSv vs. 0.96±0.15 mSv,P=0.926) between the two groups, while 15 mL less contrast material volume was administered in the group A than the group B. Conclusion Bolus-tracking technique with shortened time of respiratory in Flash mode of dual-source CT yields the similar homogeneous enhancement with less contrast material in comparison to the test bolus technique.

High Prevalence of Anatomical Variations and Anomalies of the Coronary Arteries Detected by CT Angiography in Symptomatic Patients

Objective:Coronary artery anatomical variations and anomalies are an important topic due to their potential clinical manifestations.This study aims to investigate the prevalence of coronary artery anatomical variations and anomalies in symptomatic patients with coronary computed tomography angiography(CCTA).Methods:This is a retrospective study that included all symptomatic patients who had CCTA in a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia during a period of seven years.Results:The total number of included patients was 507(60%males)with a mean age of 57.4 years.Approximately 41%had luminal stenoses,averaging 49.7%.The total num-ber of patients with coronary anatomical variations(CAV)and coronary artery anomalies(CAA)was 217(43%).CAV prevalence was 26%,which included 14%non-right coronary dominance,5%short left main coronary artery(LMCA),and 7%division variations(trifurcation and quadrifurcarion)of the LMCA.The prevalence of CAA was 29%,which included 5%origin anomalies,22%myocardial bridge,and 2%course anomalies.Conclusions:A high prevalence of coronary artery anatomic variations and anomalies in symptomatic patients is reported in this study.Systematic reviews,meta-analyses,reporting guidelines,and unified definitions and classifications of cor-onary variations and anomalies are lacking in the literature,presenting potential opportunities for future research and publications.

Exploration the Method of Low Dose Coronary Artery Imaging with Dual-Source CT

Objective: On the premise that the image quality meets the requirements of clinical diagnosis, we explored the methods to reduce the radiation dose of coronary artery imaging with Dual-Source CT (DSCT). Methods: We randomly selected 200 patients with coronary heat disease (BIM 0.05). The average image noise in group A is (41.76 ± 7.98) HU, in group B the average image noise is (43.97 ± 3.88) HU, the dif- ference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The average CTDIvol of group A and B were (20.63 ± 2.24) mGy, (38.11 ± 10.69) mGy, respectively, then P <0.01. The average DLP of group A and B are (235.75 ± 28.64) mGycm and (492.59 ± 125.49) mGycm respectively, then P <0.01, the dif- ference of radiation dose had statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusions: For coronary artery imaging with DSCT the heart electric pulse (AUTO) regulation technology can meet the diagnostic requirements and effectively reduce the radiation dose.

Application of Dual-Source CT TurboFlash Coarse Pitch Scanning in Coronary Artery Imaging

Objective: To compare and analyze the image quality and radiation dose of three scanning modes of dual-source CT coronary artery retrospectively, and to discuss the application value of TurboFlash coarse pitch scanning mode. Methods: The imaging data of 100 patients who underwent CT coronary angiography (CCTA) using Siemens force CT retrospective gated triggering spiral scan (RES-SPIRAL), adaptive prospective gated triggering sequence scan (SEQ) and prospective coarse pitch scan (TurboFlash) retrospectively was collected. The image quality was evaluated by objective and subjective methods. The effective radiation dose of patients was compared and analyzed, and the indications of the three scanning modes were analyzed. The application value of dual-source CT TurboFlash coarse pitch scanning in coronary artery imaging was evaluated. Results: The results showed that the left main coronary artery, the right coronary artery and their tertiary branches could be clearly displayed in the three groups of images: the left anterior descending branch, the left circumflex branch, and their three-level branches. There was no statistical difference in subjective image quality among the three groups of pictures (P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in objective evaluation indexes, such as CT value, SNR, CNR and Noise among the three groups (P > 0.05). The patient radiation dose results showed that the effective radiation dose ED of RES-SPIRA scan was (9.22 ± 1.33) mSv. The dose of SEQ was (2.88 ± 2.47) mSv, and the dose of TurboFlash was (0.51 ± 0.16) mSv. There was significant difference in comparison of the three groups (P 0.05). RES-spiral scanning had the highest radiation dose and TurboFlash coarse pitch scanning (TurboFlash) had the lowest radiation dose. Conclusion: TurboFlash coarse pitch scanning is low in dosage, fast in speed and wide in adaptability. It is especially suitable for the elderly, children, coma and other patients who cannot cooperate with breath-holding examination, as well as for the screening and examination of coronary artery diseases in asymptomatic population. Undoubtedly, it is a worthy method of heart coronary artery examination.

Application of Low Tube Voltage, Low-concentration Contrast Agent Using a 320-row CT in Coronary CT Angiography: Evaluation of Image Quality, Radiation Dose and Iodine Intake

The effect of low voltage and low concentration contrast agent on image quality of coronary CT angiography,radiation dose and iodine intake was evaluated.A total of 121 patients with body mass index(BMI)<26 kg/m2 and heart rate(HR)<70 beats/min were randomly divided into four groups:group A(n=31,80 kVp,270 mgl/mL);group B(n=33,100 kVp,270 mgl/mL);group C(h=30,100 kVp,320 mgl/mL);group D(w=27,100 kVp,400 mgl/mL).The automatic current modulation system and the iterative algorithm for reconstruction were adopted in each group.The CT values and SD values of the aortic root(AR),subcutaneous fat,left coronary artery opening(LCA),and right coronary artery opening(RCA)were measured in all groups,the signalto-noise ratio(SNR)and contrast noise ratio(CNR)were calculated,and effective radiation dose and iodine intake were recorded.The subjective assessment for image quality was performed by two physicians using a 4-point scale.The results were compared using the one-way ANOVA and rank sum tests.The image quality of the four groups met the clinical diagnostic requirements.The CT values of AR in groups A,B,C,and D were 537.6±71.4,447.2±81.9,445.2±64.9 and 518.5±94.9 Hu,respectively,with no significant difference between group A and group D,or between group B and group C,while CT values in groups B and C were significantly lower than those in groups A and D(P<0.05).In groups A,B,C,and D,the LCA SNR values were 22.7±9.1,23.3±9.1,23.3±7.7 and 26.6±8.9,and the RCA CNR values were 26.9±9.&28.5±11.4,27.7土&8 and 32」±10.6,respectively.The AR visual scores in groups A,B,C and D were 3.8±0.2,3.9±0.3,3.9±0.3 and 4.0±0.3,respectively.There were no significant differences in SNR,CNR and visual score among the four groups(P>0.05).The radiation doses in groups A,B,C and D were 2.6±1.4,3.6±1.&4.9±3.5 and 4.9±2.8 mSv,respectively.The radiation dose in group A was significantly less than that in the rest three groups(P<0.05).The iodine intakes in groups A,B,C and D were 14.9±1.5,15.0±1.5,17.7±2.0 and 18.1±2.5 g,respectively.There was no significant difference in the intake of iodine between groups C and D,or between groups A and B,while iodine intake in groups A and B were significantly reduced as compared with that in groups C and D(P<0.05).It was concluded that for patients with low BMI and controlled HR,compared to 100 kVp tube voltage combined with multiple concentration contrast agents,80 kVp combined with 270 mgl/mL contrast agent is enough to ensure the quality of the images,and can reduce the radiation dose significantly,while reducing the amount of iodine intake notably,thus reducing the incidence of adverse reaction.

Coronary CT angiography:Dose reduction strategies

Coronary computed tomography(CT)angiography has been increasingly used in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease due to improved spatial and temporal resolution with high diagnostic value being reported when compared to invasive coronary angiography.Diagnostic performance of coronary CT angiography has been significantly improved with the technological developments in multislice CT scanners from the early generation of 4-slice CT to the latest 320-slice CT scanners.Despite the promising diagnostic value,coronary CT angiography is still limited in some areas,such as inferior temporal resolution,motion-related artifacts and high false positive results due to severe calcification.The aim of this review is to present an overview of the technical developments of multislice CT and diagnostic value of coronary CT angiography in coronary artery disease based on different generations of multislice CT scanners.Prognostic value of coronary CT angiography in coronary artery disease is also discussed,while limitations and challenges of coronary CT angiography are highlighted.

Comparison of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and computed tomography (CT) angiography based on conventional coronary angiography

Coronary artery disease is one of the most common and important health problems in the world. Early diagnosis of this disease is very important to treat before severe myocardial damage occurred. Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) and computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) which evaluates regional myocardial perfusion and coronary arteries, respectively, are reliable and non-invasive methods in terms of coronary artery disease. In this study we aimed to compare MPS and CTCA based on conventional coronary angiography (CCA). Totally 60 patients were included in the study. CCA and MPS were performed to 30 patients;CCA and CTCA were performed to the rest of the patients (30 patients). Lesions were classified as mild, moderate and severe in these imaging methods. MPS and CTCA were compared with CCA by using chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. MPS and CTCA’s p values were found for left anterior descending artery (LAD) p: 0, p: 0.271;for circumflex artery (Cx) p: 0.256, p: 0.08 and for right coronary artery (RCA) p: 0.033, p: 0.271, respectively. Furthermore MPS and CTCA’s sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated 81% to 87%;70% to 49%;73% to 72%;54% to 72%;90% to 71%, respectively. CCA results were found more concordant with MPS for LAD and RCA lesions and more concordant with CTCA for Cx lesions. It was also found that positive predictive value of MPS and negative predictive value of CTCA were significantly higher than the others. As a result, MPS and CTCA were suggested as complementary techniques for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease, not as alternatives to each other.

Validation of a Novel Method for Cardiac Output Estimation by CT Coronary Angiography

Background: Cardiac output can be estimated during retrospectively gated CT coronary angiography by anatomically determining left ventricular volumes;prospective triggering to minimize radiation precludes this methodology. We propose an alternative method for cardiac output estimation based on preclinical models suggesting that cardiac output may be inversely related to contrast washout from the aortic root during timing bolus scanning, as measured by peak aortic root contrast attenuation. Methods: 34 patients had CT coronary angiography timing bolus performed with 20 ml iodixanol at 5.5 ml/s followed by 20 ml normal saline at 5.5 ml/s through an 18-Ga antecubital catheter. Peak aortic root contrast attenuation was correlated to cardiac output calculated by echocardiography using heart rate stroke volume from biplane Simpson’s method.Results: Mean age was 58 ± 13 years;body surface area, 2.0 ± 0.5 m2. 53% were women. Stroke volume, cardiac output and cardiac index were 67 ± 19 ml, 4.5 ± 1.6 L/min, and 2.2 ± 0.7 L/min/m2, respectively. Peak aortic root contrast attenuation was 207 ± 46 HU and correlated to cardiac output and cardiac index with r = –0.64, p Conclusion: This novel method for cardiac output estimation by CTCA appears feasible. The CT physiologic parameters using the timing test-bolus data moderately correlated with echocardiographic assessment of cardiac output. The calculation of cardiac output adds important hemodynamic data to anatomic information provided by CTCA, and further development of this method may preserve assessment of left ventricular performance in prospective triggering.

基于人工智能的“三低”冠状动脉CTA影像质量和辐射剂量研究

目的探讨基于人工智能(AI)影像后处理的“三低”(低剂量对比剂、对比剂低流率及低辐射剂量)冠状动脉CTA(CCTA)技术的影像质量和辐射剂量。方法前瞻性纳入疑似冠心病病人60例,平均年龄(56.3±3.9)岁。将病人随机分为行“三低”CCTA检查的研究组(30例)和行常规CCTA检查的对照组(30例)。根据Likert分级评分法对冠状动脉主支血管[包括左主干(LM)、左前降支(LAD)、左回旋支(LCX)及右冠状动脉(RCA)]进行影像质量主观评分。测量升主动脉(AA)、LM、LAD中段(mLAD)、LCX近端(pLCX)、RCA中段(mRCA)、右冠状动脉远段(dRCA)管腔及邻近脂肪CT值和噪声(SD)值,以及右心室(RV)及右侧心膈角区脂肪的CT值和SD值,并计算信噪比(SNR)和对比噪声比(CNR)。采用卡方检验或独立样本t检验比较2组病人一般资料、影像质量主观评分和评价指标,以及辐射剂量的差异。结果2组间LM、LAD、LCX、RCA影像质量主观评分的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。相比对照组,研究组AA、LM、mLAD、pLCX、mRCA、dRCA管腔CT值分别提高了32.5%、8.6%、11.7%、11.2%、9.2%和2.1%;2组RV的CT值、SNR、CNR的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。研究组的容积CT剂量指数(CTDIvol)、剂量长度乘积(DLP)、有效辐射剂量(ED)均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论基于AI影像后处理的“三低”CCTA可保证冠状动脉影像质量,且降低了辐射剂量,用于冠心病筛查具有很好的临床可行性。

冠状动脉CT血管造影预测冠心病患者发生左心室重构及远期心血管不良事件的价值

目的分析冠状动脉CT血管造影预测冠心病患者发生左心室重构及远期心血管不良事件的价值。方法选取郑州大学第一附属医院2021年1月至2022年7月诊治的120例冠心病患者,随访1 a,根据左心室重构发生情况分为左心室重构组(26例)、无左心室重构组(94例),根据心血管不良事件发生情况分为发生组(24例)、未发生组(96例)。比较不同组别患者冠状动脉CT血管造影结果,分析冠状动脉CT血管造影预测冠心病患者发生左心室重构及远期心血管不良事件的价值。结果左心室重构组、无左心室重构组在冠状动脉管腔狭窄程度和高危斑块特征方面的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。发生组、未发生组斑块总体积、钙化斑块体积、非钙化斑块体积、病变长度、斑块负荷比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析显示,冠状动脉CT血管造影在预测冠心病患者发生左心室重构及远期心血管不良事件中具有较高的价值。结论冠状动脉CT血管造影在预测冠心病患者发生左心室重构及远期心血管不良事件中具有较高的价值。

GE256排冠状动脉CT血管成像中常规呼吸训练与特殊呼吸训练对质控影响的探讨

目的:研究GE256排Revolution冠状动脉CT血管成像(coronary computed tomography angiography,CCTA)中患者常规训练呼吸与特殊训练呼吸对心率、图像质量和辐射剂量的影响。方法:应用前瞻性心电门控技术扫描,结合冠状动脉追踪冻结技术(SSF)行CCTA检查。共纳入108例患者,分为两组,A组54例患者采取特殊训练呼吸训练方式,B组54例患者行常规训练呼吸,对两组的心率、图像质量、辐射剂量进行统计学分析。结果:A组患者心率慢于B组(P<0.05,t=2.14);A组患者的3支冠状动脉主干(右冠状动脉,左前降支,左回旋支)图像质量显著优于B组(Fisher's exact P=0.010);两组之间的辐射剂量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在GE256排Revolution CCTA检查中,特殊呼吸训练在提高CCTA图像质量方面具有重要价值。

人工智能诊断系统及CT无创血流储备分数在评估高海拔地区 冠脉临界病变中的应用

目的探讨基于冠状动脉CT血管成像(CCTA)的人工智能(AI)诊断系统及CT无创血流储备分数(CT-FFR)在评估高海拔地区冠状动脉临界病变结构及功能学中的应用价值。方法前瞻性收集2022年1月~2023年10月青海大学附属医院冠心病临界病变患者164例,按居住地海拔进行分组,其中2000~3000m为A组(n=83),3000m以上为B组(n=81),再将两组患者按冠脉狭窄程度细分为50%~60%亚组(n=84)和61%~70%亚组(n=80)。将患者冠状动脉CT血管成像数据导入AI辅助诊断及CT-FFR测量系统,以冠脉造影及冠脉传统血流储备分数(FFR)为金标准,分别评价AI及CT-FFR在高海拔地区冠脉临界病变诊断中的应用。结果以FFR为金标准,CT-FFR与FFR的一致性为83.75%。B组钙化斑块、易损斑块高于A组(P=0.037、0.020);B组冠状动脉多支病变、61%~70%狭窄程度发生率均高于A组(P<0.05);A组、B组在61%~70%亚组钙化斑块、易损斑块发生率均高于50%~60%亚组(P<0.05)。B组CT-FFR值低于A组(0.76±0.04 vs 0.88±0.05,P<0.01);A、B两组在61%~70%亚组CT-FFR值≤0.80、<0.70的发生率高于50%~60%亚组(P<0.05)。结论AI诊断系统及CT-FFR对评估高海拔地区冠状动脉临界病变的结构特征及血流动力学改变的结果与冠脉造影、FFR一致性高,具有较高的诊断敏感度和特异度。

CT血管造影联合血清尿素、胱抑素C、甘油三酯葡萄糖乘积指数对冠心病患者冠脉狭窄程度的诊断价值和斑块性质的关系

目的探讨CT血管造影(CTA)联合血清尿酸(UA)、胱抑素C(Cys C)、甘油三酯葡萄糖乘积(TyG)指数对冠心病(CHD)患者冠状动脉(以下简称冠脉)狭窄程度诊断价值和斑块性质的关系。方法选择2021年2月至2023年2月我院收治的129例CHD患者,所有患者均接受CTA检查获得血管体积、斑块体积、重建指数(RI)、斑块负荷等参数资料,检测血清UA、Cys C、甘油三酯及空腹血糖水平,并计算TyG指数。根据冠脉狭窄程度和斑块性质将CHD患者分为中度狭窄组和重度狭窄组,钙化斑块组和非钙化斑块组。比较不同冠脉狭窄程度和斑块性质CHD患者CTA参数和血清UA、Cys C、TyG指数的差异。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析CTA参数联合血清UA、Cys C、TyG指数对冠脉狭窄程度诊断价值。结果CHD组血管体积小于对照组(P<0.05),斑块负荷、血管狭窄程度、RI、CTA参数模型CTA'和血清UA、Cys C、TyG指数高于对照组(P<0.05)。重度狭窄组斑块负荷、血管狭窄程度、RI、CTA参数模型CTA'和血清UA、Cys C、TyG指数高于中度狭窄组(P<0.05),非钙化斑块组斑块负荷、RI和血清UA、Cys C、TyG指数高于钙化斑块组(P<0.05)。CTA参数(CTA')、血清UA、Cys C、TyG指数等4指标单独及联合应用时:ROC-AUC(0.95CI)分别为0.767(0.568~0.954)、0.703(0.432~0.963)、0.732(0.524~0.918)、0.741(0.560~0.914)、0.891(0.773~0.983)。联合应用诊断效能更高。结论CHD患者的血管体积减小,斑块负荷、血管狭窄程度、RI增加,血清UA、Cys-C、TyG指数均升高,与钙化斑块形成有关。CTA与血清UA、Cys C、TyG指数均可诊断冠脉狭窄程度,且联合诊断效能更高。

冠状动脉CT血管造影计算FFR深度学习方法的诊断临床研究

目的本研究旨在评估冠状动脉CT血管造影计算分流量储备(fractional flow reserve,FFR)深度学习方法的诊断准确性研究,以期为临床诊治提供参考。方法这是一项单中心的前瞻性研究,63名患者参加了深度学习FFR的诊断性能评估。为了评估冠状动脉狭窄的缺血风险,提出了冠状动脉三维几何形状的自动量化方法和基于深度学习的FFR预测方法。以线状FFR为参考标准,评价深度学习FFR的诊断性能。采用受试者-操作特征曲线下面积(AUC)分析确定主要评价因子。结果对于每个患者水平,以参照FFR测量的临界值≤0.8时,深度学习FFR的AUC为0.928,缺血相关病变方面比CTA狭窄严重程度0.664表现出更高的诊断性能。深度学习FFR与FFR相关(R=0.686,P<0.001),平均差值为-0.006±0.0091(P=0.619)。二次评价的准确性、敏感性、特异性分别为87.3%、97.14%、95.45%。结论深度学习FFR是一种新的方法,可以有效地评估冠状动脉狭窄的功能意义。

CTCA定量参数对冠心病患者短期病死预测价值

目的探讨CT冠状动脉造影(CTCA)定量参数对冠心病患者短期病死预测价值。方法选取2021年3月—2023年3月收治的冠心病200例,比较不同冠状动脉病变程度冠心病患者CTCA定量参数(动脉阻力指数、总斑块负荷和斑块最小密度CT值),分析CTCA定量参数与冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度相关性,探讨术后1年冠心病患者病死情况,分析CTCA定量参数与冠心病患者短期病死风险关联性,评价CTCA定量参数对冠心病患者短期病死预测价值。结果不同冠状动脉病变程度冠心病患者动脉阻力指数、总斑块负荷逐渐升高,斑块最小密度CT值逐渐降低(P<0.05)。冠心病患者动脉阻力指数、总斑块负荷与疾病类型、病变支数及狭窄程度呈正相关,斑块最小密度CT值与疾病类型、病变支数及狭窄程度呈负相关(P<0.05)。冠心病200例中39例(19.50%)术后1年病死。动脉阻力指数、总斑块负荷和斑块最小密度CT值与冠心病患者短期病死有关(P<0.01)。对冠心病患者短期病死预测的受试者工作特征曲线下面积动脉阻力指数、总斑块负荷和斑块最小密度CT值三者联合明显高于单独预测(P<0.05)。结论CTCA定量参数与冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度密切相关,且联合各参数预测冠心病患者短期病死价值较高。

320排CT冠状动脉减影对冠脉钙化斑块狭窄程度诊断价值及图像质量影响因素分析

目的:探讨320排CT冠状动脉减影对冠脉钙化斑块狭窄程度诊断价值及图像质量影响因素。方法:选择我院2021年9月至2023年11月期间进行320排CT冠状动脉减影(Sub-CCTA)的193例患者作为研究对象,在这些患者中共检出狭窄的钙化斑块节段236个。以数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查结果作为金标准,对比Sub-CCTA与DSA对冠脉狭窄程度、狭窄率的诊断结果,并分析Sub-CCTA对冠脉不同狭窄程度诊断效能。利用Logistic回归分析Sub-CCTA图像质量的影响因素,采用限制性立方样条模型分析各影响因素与图像质量的关联强度。结果:Sub-CCTA与DSA在冠脉狭窄程度和狭窄率的诊断上表现出高度一致性(Kappa值为0.912,组内相关系数分别为0.983和0.972)。Sub-CCTA在不同狭窄程度冠脉的诊断中准确性高,尤其在对Ⅳ级狭窄的灵敏度和对Ⅱ级狭窄的特异度上。多因素Logistic回归分析显示BMI为影响Sub-CCTA图像质量的独立保护因素,心率为影响其图像质量的独立危险因素(P<0.05);BMI、心率与图像质量的关联强度呈非线性关系(非线性检测,P<0.001)。结论:Sub-CCTA对不同狭窄程度的冠脉具有较高的诊断准确性,并与DSA诊断结果高度一致。BMI是影响Sub-CCTA图像质量的独立保护因素,而心率是独立危险因素,二者与图像质量呈现非线性关系。

不同扫描延迟技术在大螺距冠状动脉CT血管成像中的对比研究

目的:比较2种扫描延迟技术在大螺距冠状动脉CT血管成像(CCTA)中运用的可行性。方法:前瞻性收集临床疑似冠心病行CCTA检查的心率≤60次/分病人58例,随机分为团注跟踪组31例和测试团注组27例。分别在主动脉根部、左主干、左前降支近段、左回旋支近段、右冠状动脉近段、肺动脉、左心房和左心室选取感兴趣区,测量CT值和噪声,计算信噪比、对比噪声比、左房室比、左室肺动脉比和主肺动脉比,评估2组图像质量,比较2组客观和主观评价指标差异。结果:2组各目标血管强化CT值、信噪比和对比噪声比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),团注跟踪组肺动脉CT值、左房室比、左室肺动脉比和主肺动脉比均明显低于测试团注组(P<0.01)。2组主观图像质量评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。团注跟踪组CT剂量指数、剂量长度乘积、有效辐射剂量、注射流率和对比剂量均低于测试团注组(P<0.05~P<0.01)。结论:大螺距CCTA采用团注跟踪技术,可提高血管强化CT值并能降低辐射剂量和对比剂用量。

冠状动脉CT血管成像联合CT-FFR对冠心病心肌缺血影响因素的研究

目的应用冠状动脉CT血管成像(coronary CT angiography,CCTA)联合冠状动脉CT血流储备分数(coronary CT angiography derived fractional flow reserve,CT-FFR)探讨冠心病患者心肌缺血的影像学特征,并探讨冠心病患者心肌缺血的影响因素。方法回顾性选取2023年1月至11月于浙江中医药大学附属杭州市中医院就诊并行CCTA检查的86例患者,根据测量的CT-FFR值将其分为缺血组(CT-FFR≤0.80,45例)与非缺血组(CT-FFR>0.80,41例),比较两组患者的斑块特征,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨冠心病患者心肌缺血的影响因素。结果缺血组患者的糖尿病占比显著高于非缺血组(P<0.05)。共有150支冠状动脉显示有斑块,斑块最常见部位为左前降支(114个)。对212个斑块进行分析,其中缺血组68个斑块,非缺血组144个斑块。非缺血组钙化斑块占比显著高于缺血组(P<0.05);缺血组管腔狭窄程度、斑块体积、脂类成分占比、纤维脂类成分体积均显著大于非缺血组,斑块纤维成分体积显著小于非缺血组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,管腔狭窄程度(OR=1.054,P=0.026)和斑块体积(OR=1.027,P=0.048)均是冠心病患者心肌缺血的的影响因素。结论管腔狭窄程度及斑块体积均是冠心病患者心肌缺血的影响因素,可对此类患者进行针对性的治疗。

冠状动脉CT血管成像衍生的血流储备分数对冠状动脉狭窄的诊断效能分析

目的探讨冠状动脉(下称冠脉)CT血管成像(CTA)衍生的血流储备分数(FFRCT)对冠脉狭窄的诊断效能。方法回顾性选择2021年1月至2022年1月在丽水市人民医院行冠脉CTA且经过冠脉造影检查的患者108例。根据冠脉狭窄情况,分为冠脉狭窄(狭窄率≥50%,观察组)95例和非冠脉狭窄(狭窄率<50%,对照组)13例。比较两组患者一般资料、FFRCT值。分析FFRCT值与冠脉狭窄程度的相关性,绘制ROC曲线,评估FFRCT在冠脉狭窄中的诊断效能。结果观察组FFRCT值为(0.81±0.10),低于对照组的(0.88±0.12),差异有统计学意义(P=0.023)。FFRCT值与冠脉狭窄程度呈负相关(r=-0.420,P<0.05)。FFRCT诊断冠脉狭窄的AUC为0.748,其诊断冠脉狭窄的灵敏度和特异度分别为0.78和0.62。结论在诊断冠脉狭窄上FFRCT与CTA存在低中度相关。