Based on first-hand materials obtained from field investigations in Malaysia, the results show that: firstly, there are 17 initials in the Leizhou dialect of Malaysia, including the implosives initial and the [f] init...Based on first-hand materials obtained from field investigations in Malaysia, the results show that: firstly, there are 17 initials in the Leizhou dialect of Malaysia, including the implosives initial and the [f] initial. The pronunciation of Leizhou dialect in China is already rare, some of which are retained in the Leizhou dialect of Malaysia. Its initial consonant is borrowed from local Hua Yu or other Chinese dialects. Secondly, the Leizhou dialect of Malaysia has 46 finals. The pronunciation and timbre of some of its vowels are similar to the Yue dialect of Malaysia [ɐ] main vowel. Thirdly, there are 8 monosyllabic tones in the Leizhou dialect of Malaysia. The pronunciation and tone of some of its characters are similar to the Xia Yin entering tone of Yue dialect of Malaysia.展开更多
Dalian dialect is one kind of Northern dialect.Its formation is due to many factors including history,geographical location,Shandong dialect and influence from Russia and Japan.This paper analyzes the main difference ...Dalian dialect is one kind of Northern dialect.Its formation is due to many factors including history,geographical location,Shandong dialect and influence from Russia and Japan.This paper analyzes the main difference between Dalian dialect and Standard Chinese,also presents the characteristics of Dalian dialect in four aspects: phonology,morphology,syntax and slangs.展开更多
This paper surveys several linguistic aspects of the varieties of the Omani Arabic dialect (OA). It starts with a discussion of the sociolinguistic situation in Oman and the factors that shaped it, as well as discussi...This paper surveys several linguistic aspects of the varieties of the Omani Arabic dialect (OA). It starts with a discussion of the sociolinguistic situation in Oman and the factors that shaped it, as well as discussing the OA varieties and the languages spoken in the country. This is followed by a presentation of the OA consonant and vowel phonemes and their allophones. The paper also presents phonological aspects such as syllable structure and word stress as well as examples of processes like assimilation and emphasis spreading. Then, it presents the OA personal, demonstrative, possessive, and interrogative pronouns, as well as morphological issues such as subject agreement affixes, verbal forms,passive formation, and pluralization patterns. Next, it presents syntactic patterns including word order, negation, question formation, and relative clauses. Besides the survey, the paper provides examples that reveal similarity between some OA dialects and those of the pre-Islamic era, as evidenced by some of the documented and approved readings of the Holy Qur?an. There is also discussion of some cases of grammaticalization and pronominal copulas.展开更多
This paper aims to analyze the Labiodentalization of the retroflexes[ts],[ts‘],[s]in Ningyang dialect.From the general knowledge of phonology,this paper will firstly focus on the introduction of Ningyang dialect and ...This paper aims to analyze the Labiodentalization of the retroflexes[ts],[ts‘],[s]in Ningyang dialect.From the general knowledge of phonology,this paper will firstly focus on the introduction of Ningyang dialect and the articulation of these three sounds.Then,with the results from the field work,the labiodentalization of[ts],[ts‘],[s]is explained from two aspects,one is the assimilation of the vowel[u],the other is the hierarchical change of phonology.This study concludes with the reason of the labiodentalized process of[ts],[ts‘],[s]in Ningyang dialect over time,and points out a further trend of this kind of phonological change.展开更多
“[ã^(44) kã^(44) paʔ^(5) lã44 tã^(53)]”(Chinese characters transcription“昂更八冷打”)is an colloquial expression in Tongxiang dialect of Suzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Sub-branch,Taihu Branch,Wu.It describes an awkward...“[ã^(44) kã^(44) paʔ^(5) lã44 tã^(53)]”(Chinese characters transcription“昂更八冷打”)is an colloquial expression in Tongxiang dialect of Suzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Sub-branch,Taihu Branch,Wu.It describes an awkward state with unfinished tasks.Its similar expressions can be found in other regions of Taihu Branch,including Yixing,Changzhou,Shaoxing and Ningbo,usually serving as“all”,while the expression“[hÃɲ^(33) paʔ^(3) lÃɲ^(33) tÃɲ^(31)]”(“亨八冷打”)in Shanghai Sub-branch indicates“the remaining parts”when used alone.“[hÃɲ^(33) paʔ^(3) lÃɲ^(33) tÃɲ^(31)]”stands for“all”only when followed by a word with meaning of“adding together”.In this paper,it is concluded and deduced from other similar morphemes that the contradictory connotations are related to an“inner split”process of an original word.Considering similar morphemes in other Chinese dialects(including Cantonese,Hakka,Jianghuai and Min),the following analysis proposes three possible original expressions and correlating trajectories of this inner phonetic-semantic split process,and selects a most credible way based on the rhyming dictionary and previous reconstructive models of ancient Chinese phonology.This presumptive analysis indicates that a broader“split and derivate”process generating new morphemes exists widely in Sinitic dialects as a natural company of phonetic features in Chinese language flow.展开更多
文摘Based on first-hand materials obtained from field investigations in Malaysia, the results show that: firstly, there are 17 initials in the Leizhou dialect of Malaysia, including the implosives initial and the [f] initial. The pronunciation of Leizhou dialect in China is already rare, some of which are retained in the Leizhou dialect of Malaysia. Its initial consonant is borrowed from local Hua Yu or other Chinese dialects. Secondly, the Leizhou dialect of Malaysia has 46 finals. The pronunciation and timbre of some of its vowels are similar to the Yue dialect of Malaysia [ɐ] main vowel. Thirdly, there are 8 monosyllabic tones in the Leizhou dialect of Malaysia. The pronunciation and tone of some of its characters are similar to the Xia Yin entering tone of Yue dialect of Malaysia.
文摘Dalian dialect is one kind of Northern dialect.Its formation is due to many factors including history,geographical location,Shandong dialect and influence from Russia and Japan.This paper analyzes the main difference between Dalian dialect and Standard Chinese,also presents the characteristics of Dalian dialect in four aspects: phonology,morphology,syntax and slangs.
文摘This paper surveys several linguistic aspects of the varieties of the Omani Arabic dialect (OA). It starts with a discussion of the sociolinguistic situation in Oman and the factors that shaped it, as well as discussing the OA varieties and the languages spoken in the country. This is followed by a presentation of the OA consonant and vowel phonemes and their allophones. The paper also presents phonological aspects such as syllable structure and word stress as well as examples of processes like assimilation and emphasis spreading. Then, it presents the OA personal, demonstrative, possessive, and interrogative pronouns, as well as morphological issues such as subject agreement affixes, verbal forms,passive formation, and pluralization patterns. Next, it presents syntactic patterns including word order, negation, question formation, and relative clauses. Besides the survey, the paper provides examples that reveal similarity between some OA dialects and those of the pre-Islamic era, as evidenced by some of the documented and approved readings of the Holy Qur?an. There is also discussion of some cases of grammaticalization and pronominal copulas.
文摘This paper aims to analyze the Labiodentalization of the retroflexes[ts],[ts‘],[s]in Ningyang dialect.From the general knowledge of phonology,this paper will firstly focus on the introduction of Ningyang dialect and the articulation of these three sounds.Then,with the results from the field work,the labiodentalization of[ts],[ts‘],[s]is explained from two aspects,one is the assimilation of the vowel[u],the other is the hierarchical change of phonology.This study concludes with the reason of the labiodentalized process of[ts],[ts‘],[s]in Ningyang dialect over time,and points out a further trend of this kind of phonological change.
文摘“[ã^(44) kã^(44) paʔ^(5) lã44 tã^(53)]”(Chinese characters transcription“昂更八冷打”)is an colloquial expression in Tongxiang dialect of Suzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Sub-branch,Taihu Branch,Wu.It describes an awkward state with unfinished tasks.Its similar expressions can be found in other regions of Taihu Branch,including Yixing,Changzhou,Shaoxing and Ningbo,usually serving as“all”,while the expression“[hÃɲ^(33) paʔ^(3) lÃɲ^(33) tÃɲ^(31)]”(“亨八冷打”)in Shanghai Sub-branch indicates“the remaining parts”when used alone.“[hÃɲ^(33) paʔ^(3) lÃɲ^(33) tÃɲ^(31)]”stands for“all”only when followed by a word with meaning of“adding together”.In this paper,it is concluded and deduced from other similar morphemes that the contradictory connotations are related to an“inner split”process of an original word.Considering similar morphemes in other Chinese dialects(including Cantonese,Hakka,Jianghuai and Min),the following analysis proposes three possible original expressions and correlating trajectories of this inner phonetic-semantic split process,and selects a most credible way based on the rhyming dictionary and previous reconstructive models of ancient Chinese phonology.This presumptive analysis indicates that a broader“split and derivate”process generating new morphemes exists widely in Sinitic dialects as a natural company of phonetic features in Chinese language flow.
