Comparative Study on Dyeing of Cotton, Modal and Lyocell Fabrics Using Bifunctional and Polyfunctional Reactive Dyes

Polyfunctional reactive dyes have been introduced by the renowned dye manufacturers in the recent years for better exhaustion and fixation performance. This paper deals with evaluation of the dyeing performance of three cellulosic fibres namely cotton, modal and lyocell with polyfunctional (Avitera Cardinal SE) reactive dye in comparison a bifunctional-(Novacron Brilliant Red FN-3GL) reactive dye. The purpose of this study is to achieve a better understanding of exhaustion and fixation behaviour in dyeing of cotton, modal and lyocell fibres using these two types of reactive dyes. The dyeing was carried out at four different shade% (1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%). Besides studying exhaustion (%) and fixation (%) along with K/S values of dyed fabrics, several other quality parameters e.g. bursting strength, pilling resistance and colour fastness to wash were also examined. Finally, the optimum combination among the three types of cellulosic fabrics and two types of reactive dyes was observed. Lyocell fabric and polyfunctional reactive dyes have been found more sustainable.

Effect of Alkali Concentration on Dyeing Cotton Knitted Fabrics with Reactive Dyes

The effect of alkali concentrations has been studied on the color strength （K/S） and color fastness properties of single jersey cotton knitted fabrics dyed with 1% Novacron Red S-B reactive dye. Same bath scouring and bleaching are performed and conventional exhaust dyeing method employed by IR laboratory sample dyeing machine. Various alkali concentrations such as 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 g/L are employed and other parameters are kept fixed. The color strength （K/S） and color fastness to wash and rubbing are examined and evaluated. It is revealed that with the increase in alkali concentration from 6 g/L to 8 g/L the value of K/S increases and then up to 10 g/L the value decreases. The overall color fastness properties to washing and rubbing for the dyed samples range from good to excellent.

Short wet-steam dyeing process of cotton fabrics with reactive dyes

The effects of Reactive Black 5 utilized to cotton fabrics by short wet-steam process on the dyeing properties were investigated. This study will provide a theoretical reference for short wet-steam process of cotton fabrics with bifunctional reactive dyes. The optimal amount of Selilao agent was 20 g/L, while the soaping and rubbing fastness of the dyed cotton fabrics were both reached to 4-5 rating.

Application of Tertiary Amine Cationic Polyacrylamide with High Cationic Degree in Salt-free Dyeing of Reactive Dyes

Tertiary amine cationic polyacrylamide with high cationization degree was used as a new cationic agent to pretreat cotton with dip-pad-bake method. The obtained cationic cotton was dyed with reactive dyes in the ab-sence of electrolyte. The effects of the characteristics of the cationic agent and the pretreatment conditions on dye-ability of reactive dye were investigated. The results showed that the fixation and K/S values of the reactive dyes on the cationic cotton were improved compared with those on the untreated one in the presence of salt. Tests on fast-ness properties of the dyed cotton and fabric quality of the pretreated cotton were carried out and the results showed that wash and rub fastness of the salt-free dyeing were both satisfactory. And anti-crease property,tensile and tear strength,and handling of the cationic cotton were also good compared with that of the untreated one.

The Effect of Temperature Variation on Dyeing Tie-Dye Cotton Fabrics Dyed with Reactive Dye

The improvement of colorfastness properties of tie dyed cotton knit fabrics with reactive dye has been studied. Pretreated cotton knit fabric is use to dyeing for easy absorption and retention of dye. Color fastness properties of any dyed fabric are very important aspects as the end use of fabric depends on these properties. This study is to evaluate the color fastness to washing and perspiration using the method ISO 105-2CS:2002 and ISO105-E04. The fabric is dyed with reactive dye in same concentration but in two different temperature (30°C and 60°C) and with different amount of sodium carbonate (15 g/l, 18 g/l and 20 g/l) respectively. It is observed that the increasing temperature and using related amount of sodium carbonate the fabric absorbs more dye. In 30°C temperature the result of washing fastness is fairly good to very good where in 60°C the result is very good to excellent. Perspiration fastness result is fairly good to very good both in 30°C and 60°C temperature. The result shows very good of all washing and perspiration fastness in 20 g/l sodium carbonate. The result is concluded that the color fastness of tie-dyed samples is improved by the increasing of temperature and higher amount of sodium carbonate.

An Instant-Fixation Method for Application of Reactive Cotton Dyeing

A new instant-fixation dyeing process was presented and applied for the dyeing of cotton fabric with bi-functional reactive dyes, in which electrolyte and alkali were added in the dye bath first, and then the pre-prepared dye solution was dropped continuously. The color depth of dyed fabric with this process was much higher than that with conventional process and the dosage of the dyes could be reduced as much as 35% when the dark shades are dyed. Moreover, the dye fixation could be increased by 10% with the similar color depth. This novel dyeing method can be applied to both woven and knitted cotton fabric.

Kinetics of Hydrolysis of Cationic Reactive Disperse Dyes Containing Quaternary Group

The kinetics of hydrolysis of cationic reactive disperse dyes containing quaternary group and chemical shift（13CNMR） of the adjacent carbon atoms with pyridine-acetylamino were discussed. The results show pyridine-acetylamino reactive group had higher reactivity than chloroacetylamino and chemical shift（13 CNMR） of the adjacent carbon atoms with pyridine-acetylamino moved 18.77 ppm.

Application Research on K/S Value in Determination of Reactive Dyes Fixation Rate

Reactive dyes are the main dyes in printing and dyeing of cellulosic fibers.Reactive dyes fixation rate is a vital indicator to measure the degree of the covalent bond between cellulose and reactive dyes.However,the determination of the fixation rate is tedious and time-consumptive.Based on the theory of reactive dyes dyeing and application of modern computer color matching technology,the relationship between K/S value and the fixation rate with the reactive dyes on cotton fabric was studied.The feasibility of K/S value instead of the traditional washing method for the determination of reactive dyes fixation rate was proved.In this study,the K/S value of the fabric has an excellent linear relationship to the reactive dyes fixation rate obtained by the washing method.The reactive dyes fixation rate can be obtained through the K/S correction value.

黄原胶预处理对汉麻织物喷墨印花效果的影响

为解决汉麻印花织物得色量浅、清晰度差的问题,选取黄原胶为预处理剂对汉麻织物进行处理,并进行活性染料喷墨印花。结果表明:与海藻酸钠预处理剂相比,经黄原胶预处理后织物的润湿时间从32.18 s增加到98.19 s,接触角从70.13°提升至84.22°,说明预处理后黄原胶在织物表面构筑的薄膜使织物疏水性增加,进而抑制染料墨水在织物上的扩散,提升喷墨印花效果;当预处理液为1.5%黄原胶、10.0%尿素和2.0%NaHCO_(3),汽蒸时间为10 min时,织物色深达到最大值,此时,青、品红、黄和黑色色块的K/S值比海藻酸钠预处理织物分别提升了33.5%、20.2%、42.6%和109.3%,表明黄原胶预处理喷墨印花汉麻织物表现出优异的表观颜色深度;同时,印花织物的耐摩擦和耐皂洗色牢度均可达到4级以上。

基于二氧化硫脲还原剥色的丝织物扎染新工艺

扎染作为时尚流行元素,其产品设计一直是个热门话题,当前文献报道大多侧重扎染的图案设计、扎花技法和产品应用,深入研究其染色工艺的相对较少。文章提出先以活性染料对丝织物染地色,扎染时采用二氧化硫脲作为还原剂对地色染料进行剥色,同时选择中性染料对丝织物进行着色,以开发扎染新工艺。单因素影响实验结果表明,在无碱条件下,二氧化硫脲质量浓度1g/L、还原温度90℃、还原时间6min时,诺威克隆红S-B、红EC-4B、橙EC-3R和蓝EC-R四只活性染料染色丝织物的剥色率分别达到95.43%、97.54%、92.91%和96.62%。扎染时选择相同浓度与温度、还原时间大于6min,活性染料染色的丝织物通过单色扎染可以获得与常规扎染相反的图案效果,也可以通过中染料着色获得两套色或以上的扎染效果。

生物基锦纶56织物活性染料“轧烘蒸”染色工艺

生物基锦纶56(PA56)织物活性染料染色已有研究,但染色工艺存在流程长、上染率低的问题。研究生物基PA56织物及其混纺织物的活性染料染色工艺,开发“轧烘蒸”染色新工艺。与常规活性染料染色工艺相比,新工艺缩短了工艺流程,实现了少盐染色;同时生物基PA56的上染率高,色牢度指标优异,提升了产品的一等品率。

pH变色织物的制备及其汗液监测性能

以2-氨基-6-硝基苯并噻唑为重氮组分,4-硫酸乙酯砜基苯胺和1-氨基-8-萘酚-3,6-二磺酸与三聚氰氯的二缩产物为偶合组分,合成了一只pH变色活性染料(变色点pH=6.15)。该染料水溶液在pH≤6.15时为红色,pH>6.15时为蓝色,染料变色前后的波长跨度区间为89 nm,吸光度比值高达2.75,具有良好的变色可视性。采用该染料对棉织物染色,制备了具备汗液监测功能的pH变色棉织物,染料与棉织物间以稳定的共价键结合,且织物在酸汗模拟溶液和碱汗模拟溶液条件下分别显示红色和蓝色,变色响应时间≤20 s,变色响应循环稳定性≥40次,耐水洗、耐摩擦和耐日晒色牢度较好。

基于响应面法优化棉织物的非水介质少水染色工艺

为提升活性染料在棉织物上的固色率,使用响应面法优化活性染料在非水介质少水十甲基环五硅氧烷(D5)体系下上染棉织物的染色工艺。研究了碳酸钠质量浓度、固色时间和固色温度3个因素之间的相互作用,并优化确定了最佳工艺参数,具体工艺为碳酸钠质量浓度48 g/L、固色时间10 min和固色温度89℃。在最佳工艺条件下,预测固色率为75.67%。通过试验验证测试出的固色率为76.73%,与预测值吻合。

棉织物活性轧染及矿化后处理工艺

为实现印染加工环节的节水减排,将棉织物活性染料轧染后采用矿化工艺后处理,探讨了染色工艺中固色碱剂种类、用量和矿化后处理工艺中助剂XBD、XYK用量等因素对织物染色性能的影响。结果表明:在复配碱剂Na2CO320 g/L+NaOH 3 g/L、汽蒸温度120℃、汽蒸时间4 min条件下,棉织物可获得良好的染色效果。矿化后处理工艺(XBD 0.5 g/L、XYK 3 g/L、温度80℃)可使织物的色牢度较常规后处理工艺提高半级,染色废水色度明显降低,且由传统的6道工序缩短至4道,节约加工时间33%,节约用水33%,提效节能效果显著。

羊毛针织物活性染料少水介质染色工艺探究

介绍活性染料染液性质对羊毛针织物染色程度的影响,尤其是少水介质染色体系。探究3种不同活性基活性染料在少水介质染色体系中的工艺条件,探讨加酸量、加碱量、染色温度以及染液黏度在染色过程中与染料上染率和固色率间的关系。结果表明:少水介质染色可实现羊毛针织物的无酸低碱低温染色;染液黏度主要影响初始上染率,染液黏度低上染快;少水介质染色可获得比传统水浴染色更高的上染率、固色率和色牢度。

棉用活性染料无醛固色剂的合成及应用

以二甲胺和环氧氯丙烷为反应单体,乙二胺为交联单体,合成了二甲胺聚阳离子型活性染料用无甲醛固色剂,优化的合成条件为n(二甲胺)∶n(环氧氯丙烷)=1∶1.5,乙二胺质量为反应单体质量的6%,反应温度65℃,反应时间4 h。固色后织物的耐干摩擦色牢度达4~5级,耐湿摩擦色牢度达3级及以上,耐皂洗色牢度在4级及以上,色光变化小,其固色效果达到同类市售固色剂。

活性深蓝B-2GLN的泡沫法给碱-湿蒸无尿素印花

针对活性染料常规印花废水氨氮含量高等问题,研究活性染料的泡沫法给碱-湿蒸无尿素印花。以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)作发泡剂、海藻酸钠(SA)作稳泡剂配制发泡原液,探讨了SDS和SA用量对泡沫的初见液时间(t_(0))和破裂半衰期(t_(1/2))的影响,以及泡沫的耐碱稳定性。研究了汽蒸时间和碱剂用量对活性深蓝B-2GLN泡沫法给碱-湿蒸印花棉织物表观色深的影响,并分析了综合印花效果。结果表明:含4 g/L SDS和16 g/L SA的发泡原液在Na_(2)CO_(3)质量浓度为35 g/L时,泡沫的t_(1/2)仍高达2222 s,耐碱稳定性良好。质量分数为3%的活性深蓝B-2GLN采用泡沫法给碱-湿蒸工艺印花的适宜固色条件为Na_(2)CO_(3)20 g/L、102℃汽蒸11 min;印花织物花型轮廓清晰度尚可、无明显渗化,颜色递深性良好,耐摩擦达4级及以上,耐皂洗色牢度为4~5级。

棉织物活性染色/防皱整理短流程技术研究

基于一相法轧染工艺和轧烘焙整理工艺,将棉织物活性染料染色及抗皱整理常规两步法加工技术合并为一浴一步短流程加工新技术.采用浸轧法探讨染料、助剂及工艺参数对加工效果的影响,通过对染色织物K/S值、折痕回复角、断裂强力等指标分析,得出最佳工艺,研究结果表明:采用K型活性染料与2D树脂整理剂(用量为80 g·L~(-1))、氯化铵催化下进行实验,得到焙烘温度为160℃、焙烘时间为3 min时加工效果最好.与传统技术相比,短流程技术加工效果在节能、减排、降耗等方面具有明显优势.

涤棉混纺织物分散/活性染料一浴一步法染色应用

涤棉混纺织物采用常规工艺进行染色能够获得较好的色牢度,但是染色时间长而且污水处理成本高,不符合低碳环保的要求。采用分散/活性染料一浴一步法染色改进工艺替代常规工艺。在常温(40℃)状态下,以元明粉150 g/L,促染剂1 g/L,2℃/min升温至80℃并保温1 min,以1℃/min升温至95℃并保温1 min,以1℃/min升温至127℃并保温30 min进行分散染料与活性染料染色。实验结果表明,染色织物耐干摩擦色牢度可达4~5级,耐湿摩擦色牢度可达3~4级,耐皂洗色牢度可达4~5级,耐汗渍色牢度达到4~5级,同时能够缩短染色时间、节约用电、减少污水排放,对降低生产成本起到了积极作用,满足了实际生产需求。

天然来源活性染料在棉织物色彩印染中的应用

化学染料的使用涉及重金属和有机污染物的排放,会导致严重的水资源污染,探索和开发新的环保染料已经成为纺织行业的重要研究方向。天然活性染料因可再生性、生物降解性以及较低的环境影响,被视为替代传统化学染料的理想选择。这些染料能提供多样化的色彩和良好的染色效果,显著减轻纺织品生产过程中的环境负担。就天然来源活性染料在棉织物色彩印染中的应用进行全面探讨,以期通过实验研究验证其染色效果与环境友好性,进而评估其在现代纺织行业中替代传统化学染料的可行性和潜力。