基于IDA方法的柱承式筒仓结构地震易损性分析

易损性分析是柱承式筒仓结构开展基于性能设计研究的重要基础。为此,选用某钢筋混凝土柱承式筒仓为研究对象,通过有限元软件ABAQUS,分别采用混凝土损伤塑性模型和理想弹塑性模型(Dracker-Prager)模拟筒仓结构及仓内粮食颗粒,建立考虑粮食-仓体相互作用的柱承式筒仓非线性有限元模型。根据增量动力分析法(IDA),按照谱相容性原则选取10条地震动记录,分别以最大层间位移角和地面峰值加速度作为筒仓结构工程需求参数和地震动强度参数,进行空仓、半仓、满仓三种储粮工况的柱承式筒仓结构地震易损性分析以及地震损伤风险评估。结果表明:(1)三种储粮工况下柱承式筒仓结构最大层间位移角均发生在柱顶位置,支承柱进入塑性状态的层间位移角分别为0.015、0.013、0.011 rad;(2)储粮质量大小是决定柱承式筒仓结构损伤刚度退化的重要因素;(3)三种储粮工况下的柱承式筒仓结构均满足“小震不坏、中震可修、大震不倒”的抗震设防目标;(4)满仓工况筒仓50年超越倒塌极限状态的概率为0.45%,小于FEMA P750中定义的50年倒塌风险的限值1%。研究成果可为筒仓结构基于性能的设计研究及抗震性能评估提供依据。

Dynamic Assessment on Ecosystem Vulnerability in Dashanbao Wetland

[Objective] The aim was to assess the ecosystem vulnerability of Dashanbao wetland.[Method] The evaluation index system of ecosystem vulnerability of Dashanbao wetland was constructed by using analytic hierarchy process(AHP),and the ecosystem vulnerability of Dashanbao wetland from 2002 to 2008 was assessed based on vulnerable degree of ecosystem.[Result] The vulnerable degree of ecosystem of Dashanbao wetland from 2002 to 2008 was 0.560 0,0.513 7,0.516 4,0.465 4,0.476 0,0.449 2 and 0.400 6 respectively,that is,showing decreasing trend on the whole,and the vulnerability of wetland ecosystem transformed from moderate vulnerability to mild vulnerability,and it showed that the ecological environment quality of Dashanbao wetland was better.[Conclusion] The study could provide references for wetland restoration,protection,ecological environment planning and management.

Growth, Mortality and Stock Assessment of Squaliobarbus curriculus (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Xenocyprididae) from Lanxi Section of Qiantang River, China

Population dynamics parameters and stock status of Squaliobarbus curriculus (Richardson, 1846) were analyzed from May to September 2021 in the Lanxi section of Qiantang River. FiSAT II software program was used. The growth coefficient K = 0.21 year–1, asymptomatic length L∞ = 39.48 cm, and age at theoretical zero-length t0 = –0.74 years were estimated. The von Bertalanffy growth function was calculated as Lt = 39.48[1 – e–0.21(t + 0.74)]. The growth curve for weight had an inflection at 5.86 years, corresponding to 29.61 cm in standard length and 372.29 g in weight. The natural mortality rate (M), the fishing mortality rate (F), and the total mortality rate (Z) were calculated as 0.51, 0.61, and 1.12 year–1, respectively. The exploitation ratio (E) was 0.54, which is greater than the value of 0.5 suggested by Gull (1971), indicating a probable state of overdevelopment. The annual average stock number and biomass of S. curriculus in the Lanxi section of Qiantang River were 31.86 × 106 individuals and 3656.82 t, respectively.

Constructing a Teaching Evaluation Model for the Course of Beijing World Cultural Heritage Based on Dynamic Assessment Theory

The rapid development of international tourism has led to an increasing demand for English professionals. In order to meet this demand, universities have placed greater emphasis on the quality and level of teaching in the courses of tourism English. This paper proposes a dynamic evaluation model for tourism English courses, based on the principles of dynamic assessment theory, such as process-orientation, evaluation-teaching integration, and multiple interactions. Taking the course of Beijing World Cultural Heritage as an example, the model is instantiated to demonstrate the feasibility of applying dynamic assessment theory to tourism English courses and this model helps to provide a reference for the evaluation methods of English courses.

Theory and practice for assessing structural integrity and dynamical integrity of high-speed trains

Purpose–The safety and reliability of high-speed trains rely on the structural integrity of their components and the dynamic performance of the entire vehicle system.This paper aims to define and substantiate the assessment of the structural integrity and dynamical integrity of high-speed trains in both theory and practice.The key principles and approacheswill be proposed,and their applications to high-speed trains in Chinawill be presented.Design/methodology/approach–First,the structural integrity and dynamical integrity of high-speed trains are defined,and their relationship is introduced.Then,the principles for assessing the structural integrity of structural and dynamical components are presented and practical examples of gearboxes and dampers are provided.Finally,the principles and approaches for assessing the dynamical integrity of highspeed trains are presented and a novel operational assessment method is further presented.Findings–Vehicle system dynamics is the core of the proposed framework that provides the loads and vibrations on train components and the dynamic performance of the entire vehicle system.For assessing the structural integrity of structural components,an open-loop analysis considering both normal and abnormal vehicle conditions is needed.For assessing the structural integrity of dynamical components,a closed-loop analysis involving the influence of wear and degradation on vehicle system dynamics is needed.The analysis of vehicle system dynamics should follow the principles of complete objects,conditions and indices.Numerical,experimental and operational approaches should be combined to achieve effective assessments.Originality/value–The practical applications demonstrate that assessing the structural integrity and dynamical integrity of high-speed trains can support better control of critical defects,better lifespan management of train components and better maintenance decision-making for high-speed trains.

关节镜肘关节有限清理及松解术对风湿性关节炎肘关节僵直DAS28-CRP、HAQ等评分的影响及安全性分析

目的探究分析风湿性关节炎肘关节僵直患者接受关节镜肘关节有限清理并配以松解术联合治疗方案对其DAS 28-C反应蛋白检验结果、健康评估问卷(HAQ)评分结果的影响情况以及安全性。方法选取2022年1月-12月收治风湿性关节炎肘关节僵直患者33例,均在局部浸润麻醉下接受关节镜有限清理术,且对挛缩的关节囊与侧副韧带实施松解术,术后2周行随访调查,评价分析疾病活动评分(DAS 28-CRP检测结果、HAQ评分、Mayo肘关节功能评分、ROM屈伸功能评分)以及安全性情况。结果⑴相较于术前,术后2周DAS 28-CRP检测结果、HAQ结果改善效果明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);⑵相较于术前,术后2周Mayo肘关节评分功能改善效果明显,日常活动能力明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);⑶相较于术前,术后2周肘关节屈伸功能改善明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肘关节僵直时间≥12个月的患者术后关节屈伸功能恢复程度,相较于<12个月患者明显较差,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);⑷术后情况恢复良好,并发症发生率为0.00%。结论在风湿性关节炎肘关节僵直治疗中,运用关节镜肘关节有限清理并配以松解术联合治疗方案,能够有效改善患者的疼痛感,提高患者肘关节屈伸活动度,治疗安全性比较高,不会对患者自身带来极大伤害,使患者早日回归生活。

Assessment and sequencing of air target threat based on intuitionistic fuzzy entropy and dynamic VIKOR

In view of the fact that traditional air target threat assessment methods are difficult to reflect the combat characteristics of uncertain, dynamic and hybrid formation, an algorithm is proposed to solve the multi-target threat assessment problems. The target attribute weight is calculated by the intuitionistic fuzzy entropy(IFE) algorithm and the time series weight is gained by the Poisson distribution method based on multi-times data. Finally,assessment and sequencing of the air multi-target threat model based on IFE and dynamic Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje(VIKOR) is established with an example which indicates that the method is reasonable and effective.

Dynamic assessment method of air target threat based on improved GIFSS

As the air combat environment becomes more complicated and changeable, accurate threat assessment of air target has a significant impact on air defense operations. This paper proposes an improved generalized intuitionistic fuzzy soft set (GIFSS) method for dynamic assessment of air target threat. Firstly, the threat assessment index is reasonably determined by analyzing the typical characteristics of air targets. Secondly, after the GIFSS at different time is obtained, the index weight is determined by the intuitionistic fuzzy set entropy and the relative entropy theory. Then, the inverse Poisson distribution method is used to determine the weight of time series, and then the time-weighted GIFSS is obtained. Finally, threat assessment of five air targets is carried out by using the improved GIFSS (I-GIFSS) and comparison methods. The validity and superiority of the proposed method are verified by calculation and comparison.

Dynamic analysis and assessment for sustainable development

The assessment of sustainable development is crucial for constituting sustainable development strategies. Assessment methods that exist so far usually only use an indicator system for making sustainable judgement. These indicators rarely reflect dynamic characteristics. However, sustainable development is influenced by changes in the social\|economic system and in the eco\|environmental system at different times. Besides the spatial character, sustainable development has a temporal character that can not be neglected; therefore the research system should also be dynamic. This paper focuses on this dynamic trait, so that the assessment results obtained provide more information for judgements in decision\|making processes. Firstly the dynamic characteristics of sustainable development are analyzed, which point to a track of sustainable development that is an upward undulating curve. According to the dynamic character and the development rules of a social, economic and ecological system, a flexible assessment approach that is based on tendency analysis, restrictive conditions and a feedback system is then proposed for sustainable development.

Seismic assessment of two multi-tiered pagodas damaged by the 2015 Nepal earthquake

A seismic assessment of two multi-tier pagodas by numerical analysis is presented herein.The Changu Narayan temple and the Kumbeshwar temple in Nepal are used as the case studies.Both pagodas are built of brick masonry in earthen mortar,with timber columns and crossbeams.The Changu Narayan temple is a two-tier pagoda,and was seriously damaged during the 2015 Gorkha earthquake.The Kumbeshwar temple is a five-tier pagoda,and its top-tier collapsed due to the Gorkha earthquake.A seismic assessment was carried out using finite element(FE)analysis.The FE models were prepared,and dynamic identification tests and penetrometer tests were conducted.Pushover analysis and nonlinear dynamic analysis were performed as part of the seismic assessment.The main shock of the 2015 Gorkha earthquake was considered as the input accelerograms.The behavior between the two pagodas was compared with the collapse mechanisms and damage patterns observed in the actual structures.The comparison suggested common structural features of multi-tier pagodas.This study is dedicated to providing a better understanding of the seismic behavior of multi-tier pagoda-type structures and provides suggestions for their effective analysis.

Dynamic assessment of pollution risk of groundwater source area in Northern China

Based on the dynamic analysis and research of pollution risk of groundwater sources, this paper creates the dynamic assessment method of pollution risk of groundwater source area under the theory of "source-pathway-receptor", and applies this method to one typical fissure karst groundwater source area in northern China. Following the 30-year petroleum pollutant migration simulation and pollution risk assessment of groundwater source area, this study finds that the very high risk zone is mainly located in Q Petrochemical Company and the surrounding area and the area adjacent to River Z. Within this period of thirty years, the pollution risk of groundwater source area has showed a dynamic trend that features an inverted "V" shape. The ratio of very high risk zone to the total area will be 18.1%, 17.47% and 16.62% during the tenth year, the twentieth year and the thirtieth year separately, and will reach the highest level of 19.45% during the fifteenth year. Meanwhile, the vertical migration distance of pollutant centre concentration changed from the surface soil at the outset to the deepest point of about 250 meters underground during the tenth year. The results of this risk assessment indicate the dynamic feature of pollution risk. The dilution, degradation and migration of petroleum pollutants in groundwater system contribute to an ultimate decline in pollution risk.

Statistical landslide susceptibility assessment in a dynamic environment:A case study for Lanzhou City,Gansu Province,NW China

This study presents a statistical landslide susceptibility assessment(LSA) in a dynamic environment. The study area is located in the eastern part of Lanzhou, NW China. The Lanzhou area has exhibited rapid urbanization rates over the past decade associated with greening, continuous land use change, and geomorphic reshaping activities. To consider the dynamics of the environment in the LSA, multitemporal data for landslide inventories and the corresponding causal factors were collected. The weights of evidence(Wof E) method was used to perform the LSA. Three time stamps, i.e., 2000, 2012, and 2016, were selected to assess the state of landslide susceptibility over time. The results show a clear evolution of the landslide susceptibility patterns that was mainly governed by anthropogenic activities directed toward generating safer building grounds for civil infrastructure. The low and very low susceptibility areas increased by approximately 10% between 2000 and 2016. At the same time, areas of medium, high and very high susceptibility zones decreased proportionally. Based on the results, an approach to design the statistical LSA under dynamic conditions is proposed, the issues and limitations of this approach are also discussed. The study shows that under dynamic conditions, the requirements for data quantity and quality increase significantly. A dynamic environment requires greater effort to estimate the causal relations between the landslides and controlling factors as well as for model validation.

Combining Zone of Proximal Development and Dynamic Assessment in Language Learning Classroom

According to Vygotsky’s theory of the zone of proximal development(ZPD),in English as a Foreign Language(ELF)classroom,ZPD provides a framework for language learner abilities to support their development,and it provides learners chances to promote the process of development instead of just focusing on the product of development.Based on this theory,dynamic assessment(DA)involves offering mediation to help second language learners perform beyond their current language ability.By combining both,language teachers use them as a tool to reform the teaching mode,stimulating students’potential ability,and assessing the improvement in students’learning experience.

Teaching French Through Dynamic Assessment:The Case of The First Year Undergraduate Students FLE

It is well established that at the university,one forms the critical spirit,the spirit of analysis and the spirit of synthesis.What we advocate is a spirit of evaluation.The process we followed is part of a problematic of teaching French and especially in didactics of writing.We have implemented an experimental device in our teaching practice.This is the dynamic evaluation.This evaluation allows the measurement of the initial level of achievement of a written production.And also the introduction of elements likely to help the subject to modify his usual strategies involved in the realization of a failed written production.But above all the appreciation of the way new strategies are involved.It is a four-phase experience that lasted a whole year.We first put our sample audience to a pre-test;with them,we determined the teaching objectives;then we set up the training workshops for the dynamic assessment,and finally we closed the process with a final test of measurement and evaluation.Two questionnaires were used and an observation grid.

Odour Impact Assessment by Means of Dispersion Modeling, Dynamic Olfactometry and Mobile Electronic Nose around Agadir Fishing Port in Morocco

Odorous emissions emitted from various sources including industrial and commercial activities have particular concerns about human health. These malodors emissions are an environmental concern that affects health status and social life of the neighbors. That requires the local authority to set up a management strategy to control this nuisance. The evaluation of odour emissions from fishing port is complex because these emissions depend on several factors such as multiple sources of odor emissions, meteorological conditions, topography and others. That imposes the use of complementary approaches to monitor odours. In this paper, the case of Agadir fishing port is studied, which is adjacent to the tourist area and residential neighborhoods and which hosts a number of points that can generate odors. To assess this odour impact, three methods are used such as dynamic olfactometry, dispersion modeling and mobile electronic nose (e-nose). The use of these three methods in a complementary manner to assess odour impacts around a fishing port allowed both the quantification of the emissions using dynamic olfactometry and the evaluation of their impact on the study area with model dispersion. The results enabled also to identify the most affected areas of the city by odor emissions and to recognize the meteorological parameters maximizing odor impact. The other goal of this work is to compare the results of the odour dispersion modeling and e-nose measurements for one year in terms of frequency of overtaking the set alert thresholds over the same period. Comparison highlights the strengths and weaknesses of both approaches. Modeling can be used predicatively but it does not take into account fugitive emissions reliably in the absence of data on these emissions, modeling based on the hourly average misjudges the odor peaks, while e-nose made it possible to obtain validated data and provides accurate, affordable and real-time odour measurement capability tacking in to account the role of human perception without being able to characterize the extent of the odor nuisance caused by each source. We conclude that these three valuation methods provide complementary information about odor nuisance and reasonable estimates of odors.

Research on Ecological Assessment and Dynamic Optimization of Energy-saving and New Energy Vehicle Business Model Based on Full Life Cycle Theory

The rapid development of China’s automobile industry has brought ever-increasing impact on resources,energy and environment,the energy-saving and new energy vehicles come into being accordingly.This article firstly systematically introduces the technical route of energy-saving and new energy vehicles of China,focusing on the key bottleneck problems arising from the construction process of current assessment system of the technical route for energy-saving and new energy vehicles,establishes the energy-saving and new energy vehicle business model assessment index system afterward based on the comparative analysis on energy-saving and new energy vehicle business assessment model and the full life cycle theory,and finally makes prospects and forecasts on vital problems of system boundary,dynamic optimization,simulation system of full life cycle assessment of energy-saving and new energy vehicle.

Numerical study of anomalous dynamic scaling behaviour of (1+1)-dimensional Das Sarma-Tamborenea model

In order to discuss the finite-size effect and the anomalous dynamic scaling behaviour of Das Sarma-Tamborenea growth model, the （1＋1）-dimensional Das Sarma-Tamborenea model is simulated on a large length scale by using the kinetic Monte-Carlo method. In the simulation, noise reduction technique is used in order to eliminate the crossover effect. Our results show that due to the existence of the finite-size effect, the effective global roughness exponent of the （1＋1）-dimensional Das Sarma-Tamborenea model systematically decreases with system size L increasing when L 〉 256. This finding proves the conjecture by Aarao Reis[Aarao Reis F D A 2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 031607]. In addition, our simulation results also show that the Das Sarma-Tamborenea model in 1＋1 dimensions indeed exhibits intrinsic anomalous scaling behaviour.

Improving dynamic characteristics for IGBTs by using interleaved trench gate

A novel trench insulated gate bipolar transistor(IGBT) with improved dynamic characteristics is proposed and investigated. The poly gate and poly emitter of the proposed IGBT are arranged alternately along the trench. A self-biased p-MOSFET is formed on the emitter side. Owing to this unique three-dimensional(3D) trench architecture, both the turnoff characteristic and the turn-on characteristic can be greatly improved. At the turn-off moment, the maximum electric field and impact ionization rate of the proposed IGBT decrease and the dynamic avalanche(DA) is suppressed. Comparing with the carrier-stored trench gate bipolar transistor(CSTBT), the turn-off loss(E_(off)) of the proposed IGBT also decreases by 31% at the same ON-state voltage. At the turn-on moment, the built-in p-MOSFET reduces the reverse displacement current(I_(G_dis)), which is conducive to lowing dI_(C)/d_(t). As a result, compared with the CSTBT with the same turn-on loss(E_(on)), at I_(C) = 20 A/cm^(2), the proposed IGBT decreases by 35% of collector surge current(I_(surge)) and 52% of dI_(C)/d_(t).