Effects of a flexible net barrier on the dynamic behaviours and interception of debris flows in mountainous areas

Flexible net barriers are a new type of effective mitigation measure against debris flows in valleys and can affect the kinematic energy and mass of debris flows. Here, ten flume tests were performed to study the dynamic behaviours of debris flows with differences in volumes, concentrations(solid volume fraction), and travel distances after interception by a uniform flexible net barrier. A high-speed camera was used to monitor the whole test process, and their dynamic behaviours were recorded. A preliminary computational framework on energy conversion is proposed according to the deposition mechanisms and outflow of debris flow under the effects of the flexible net barrier. The experimental results show that the dynamic interaction process between a debris flow and the flexible net barrier can be divided into two stages:(a) the two-phase impact of the leading edge of the debris flow with the net and(b) collision and friction between the body of the debris flow and intercepted debris material. The approach velocity of a debris flow decreases sharply(a maximum of 63%) after the interception by the net barrier, and the mass ratio of the debris material being intercepted and the kinetic energy ratio of the debris material being absorbed by the net barrier are close due to the limited interception efficiency of the flexible net barrier, which is believed to be related to the flexibility. The energy ratio of outflow is relative small despite the large permeability of the flexible net barrier.

RESEARCH ON DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR AND NOISE REDUCTION OF METAL CUTTING SAW PLATES

Based upon theoretical and experimental methods of acoustics and vibration, the dynamic characteristics of cutting processes have been researched systematically, and a simplified method of quickly estimating the modal parameters of elastic circular plate structures under clamping has also been advanced. Furthermore, we try the best to explore effectively the noise-reducing ways in the sawing process. In fact, satisfactory results have been achieved in practice.

Some Observations on Bridges Dynamic Behaviour

The paper presents rather some conclusions from large investigations over dynamic behaviour of bridges under travelling loads. There, as basic tool was applied the 3D-Time Space Method (3D-TSM) in edition proposed by present author. The method uses four-dimensional space, where besides of usual 3D space, the time is the fourth dimension. The bridge with simply supported steel girder is here modelled by means of theory for thin-walled bars (TWBs). In final calculations, solutions are obtained here on numerical way applying well known and simple Finite Differences Method (FDM). In consequence the task is brought to trivial determination of unknowns from set of linear algebraic equations. There, essential part of these equations is so called dynamical stiffness matrix (DSM). The last is additionally tested by Uniform Criterion (...) for evaluation of bridges Critical States (CrS).

Quantum dynamic behaviour in a coupled cavities system

The dynamic behaviour of the two-site coupled cavities model which is doped with ta wo-level system is investi-gated. The exact dynamic solutions in the general condition are obtained via Laplace transform. The simple analytical solutions are obtained in several particular cases, which demonstrate the clear and simple physical picture for the quan-tum state transition of the system. In the large detuning or hoppling case, the quantum states transferring between qubits follow a slow periodic oscillation induced by the very weak excitation of the cavity mode. In the large coupling case, the system can be interpreted as two Jaynes-Cummings model subsystems which interact through photon hop between the two cavities. In the case of λ≈△〉〉 g, the quantum states transition of qubits is accompanied by the excitation of the cavity, and the cavity modes have the same dynamic behaviours and the amplitude of probability is equM to 0.25 which does not change with the variation of parameter.

Static and dynamic mechanical behaviour of ECO-RPC

Ecological reactive powder concrete (ECO-RPC) with small sized and differentvolume fraction steel fibers was prepared by substitution of ultra-fine industrial waste powder for50% to 60% cement by weight and replacement of ground fine quartz sand with natural fine aggregate.The effect of steel fiber volume fraction and curing ages on the static mechanical behaviour ofECO-RPC was studied. Using the split Hopkinson pressure bar technique, the dynamic mechanicalbehaviour of ECO-RPC was investigated under different strain rates. The results show that the staticmechanical behaviour of ECO-RPC increases with the increase of steel fiber volume fraction andcuring ages. The type of ECO-RPC with the substitution of 25% ultra-fine slag, 25% ultra-fine flyash and 10% silica fume is better than the others with compressive strength, flexural strength, andfracture energy more than 200 MPa, 60 MPa and 30 kJ/m^2, respectively. ECO-RPC has excellent strainrate stiffening effects under dynamic load. Its peak stress, peak strain and the area understrain-stress curve increase with the increase of strain rate. Its fracture pattern changes frombrittleness to toughness under high strain rates.

A New Method for Modelling and Simulation of the Dynamic Behaviour of the Wheel-rail contact

This paper presents a new method for modelling and simulation of the dynamic behaviour of the wheel-rail contact. The proposed dynamic wheel-rail contact model comprises wheel-rail contact geometry, normal contact problem, tangential contact problem and wheelset dynamic behaviour on the track. This two-degree of freedom model takes into account the lateral displacement of the wheelset and the yaw angle. Single wheel tread rail contact is considered for all simulations and Kalker’s linear theory and heuristic non-linear creep models are employed. The second order differential equations are reduced to first order and the forward velocity of the wheelset is increased until the wheelset critical velocity is reached. This approach does not require solving mathematical equations in order to estimate the critical velocity of the dynamic wheel-rail contact model. The mathematical model is implemented in Matlab using numerical differentiation method. The simulated results compare well with the estimated results based on classical theory related to the dynamic behaviour of rail-wheel contact so the model is validated.

Machine learning method to predict dynamic compressive response of concrete-like material at high strain rates

Machine learning(ML)methods with good applicability to complex and highly nonlinear sequences have been attracting much attention in recent years for predictions of complicated mechanical properties of various materials.As one of the widely known ML methods,back-propagation(BP)neural networks with and without optimization by genetic algorithm(GA)are also established for comparisons of time cost and prediction error.With the aim to further increase the prediction accuracy and efficiency,this paper proposes a long short-term memory(LSTM)networks model to predict the dynamic compressive performance of concrete-like materials at high strain rates.Dynamic explicit analysis is performed in the finite element(FE)software ABAQUS to simulate various waveforms in the split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)experiments by applying different stress waves in the incident bar.The FE simulation accuracy is validated against SHPB experimental results from the viewpoint of dynamic increase factor.In order to cover more extensive loading scenarios,60 sets of FE simulations are conducted in this paper to generate three kinds of waveforms in the incident and transmission bars of SHPB experiments.By training the proposed three networks,the nonlinear mapping relations can be reasonably established between incident,reflect,and transmission waves.Statistical measures are used to quantify the network prediction accuracy,confirming that the predicted stress-strain curves of concrete-like materials at high strain rates by the proposed networks agree sufficiently with those by FE simulations.It is found that compared with BP network,the GA-BP network can effectively stabilize the network structure,indicating that the GA optimization improves the prediction accuracy of the SHPB dynamic responses by performing the crossover and mutation operations of weights and thresholds in the original BP network.By eliminating the long-time dependencies,the proposed LSTM network achieves better results than the BP and GA-BP networks,since smaller mean square error(MSE)and higher correlation coefficient are achieved.More importantly,the proposed LSTM algorithm,after the training process with a limited number of FE simulations,could replace the time-consuming and laborious FE pre-and post-processing and modelling.

DYNAMIC MECHANICAL BEHAVIOURS OF HIGH Mo AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL DURING HOT DEFORMATION

The dynamic mechanical behaviours of super low carbon high Mo austenitic stainless steel (00Cr20Nil8Mo6CuN)during hot deformation have been studied by using Formaster-Press hot working simulator. The hot deformation equation, as well as the relationship between peak strain, peak stress and Zener-Hollman parameter, together with the deformation activation energy have been resulted through the experiments.

Dynamic tensile behaviour and crack propagation of coal under coupled static-dynamic loading

The fracture behaviour and crack propagation features of coal under coupled static-dynamic loading conditions are important when evaluating the dynamic failure of coal.In this study,coupled static-dynamic loading tests are conducted on Brazilian disc(BD)coal specimens using a modified split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB).The effects of the static axial pre-stress and loading rate on the dynamic tensile strength and crack propagation characteristics of BD coal specimens are studied.The average dynamic indirect tensile strength of coal specimens increases first and then decreases with the static axial pre-stress increasing.When no static axial pre-stress is applied,or the static axial pre-stress is 30%of the static tensile strength,the dynamic indirect tensile strength of coal specimens shows an increase trend as the loading rate increases.When the static axial pre-stress is 60%of the static tensile strength,the dynamic indirect tensile strength shows a fluctuant trend as the loading rate increases.According to the crack propagation process of coal specimens recorded by high-speed camera,the impact velocity influences the mode of crack propagation,while the static axial pre-stress influences the direction of crack propagation.The failure of coal specimens is a coupled tensile-shear failure under high impact velocity.When there is no static axial pre-stress,tensile cracks occur in the vertical loading direction.When the static axial pre-stress is applied,the number of cracks perpendicular to the loading direction decreases,and more cracks occur in the parallel loading direction.

Effect of T6I6 treatment on dynamic mechanical behaviour of Al-Si-Mg-Cu cast alloy and impact resistance of its cast motor shell

The effect of T6I6 treatment on the dynamic mechanical and microstructure behaviour of Al-Si-Mg-Cu cast alloy was investigated using split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), and highresolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM). Besides, the impact resistances of T6I6 and T6 motor shells of new energy vehicles made of Al-Si-Mg-Cu cast alloy were compared using a trolley crash test. The results indicated that the main strengthening-phases of the T6 peak-aged and T6I6 peak-aged alloy were GP zone and β″ precipitates. T6I6treatment can increase the density and size of β″ precipitates in peak-aged alloy and enhance both its tensile strength(σb)and elongation(δ). The dynamic toughness values of T6I6 samples are 50.34 MJ/m^(3) at 2000 s^(-1) and 177.34 MJ/m^(3) at 5000 s^(-1) which are 20% and 12% higher than those of T6 samples, respectively. Compared with a T6 shell, the overall deformation of T6I6 shell is more uniform during the crash test. At an impact momentum of 3.5×10;kg·m/s, the T6I6shell breaks down at 0.38 s which is 0.10 s later than the T6 shell.

Dynamical behaviour of Liu system with time delayed feedback

This paper investigates the dynamical behaviour of the Liu system with time delayed feedback. Two typical situations are considered and the effect of time-delay parameter on the dynamics of the system is discussed. It is shown that the Liu system with time delayed feedback may exhibit interesting and extremely rich dynamical behaviour. The evolution of the dynamics is shown to be complex with varying time-delay parameter. Moreover, the strange attractor like ‘wormhole＇ is detected via numerical simulations.

Development of dynamic-mathematical model of hydraulic excavator

This work deals with analysis of dynamic behaviour of hydraulic excavator on the basis of developed dynamic-mathematical model.The mathematical model with maximum five degrees of freedom is extended by new generalized coordinate which represents rotation around transversal main central axis of inertia of undercarriage.The excavator is described by a system of six nonlinear,nonhomogenous differential equations of the second kind.Numerical analysis of the differential equations has been done for BTH-600 hydraulic excavator with moving mechanism with pneumatic wheels.

DYNAMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF PLATFORM-CYLINDERGROUP FOUNDATION DUE TO IMPACT BY WATER WAVE FLOW

This paper deals. with the problem of dynamic response of platform-cylinder group foumdation. Dynamic interaction of cylinder group foudation-water-soil is taken into account and the analysis of dynamic response to excitation of water wave force is given by analytic method ..The numerical examples are presented and the influence of systent’s parameters on the dynamic behaviour is discussed.

A new hyperchaotic dynamical system

In this paper a new hyperchaotic system is reported. Some basic dynamical properties, such as continuous spectrum, Lyapunov exponents, fractal dimensions, strange attractor and Poincare mapping of the new hyperchaotic system are studied. Dynamical behaviours of the new hyperchaotic system are proved by not only numerical simulation and brief theoretical analysis but also an electronic circuit experiment.

Dynamical analysis and experimental verification of valley current controlled buck converter

The dynamical behaviours of valley current controlled buck converter are studied by establishing its corresponding discrete iterative map model in this paper. Time-domain waveforms and phase portraits of valley current controlled buck converter are obtained by Runge-Kutta algorithm through a piecewise smooth switching model. The research results indicate that the valley current controlled buck converter exhibits rich nonlinear phenomena, and it has routes to chaos through period-doubling bifurcation and border-collision bifurcation in a wide parameter range. Interesting inverse nonlinear behaviours compared with peak current controlled buck converter are observed in the valley current controlled buck converter. Analysis and simulation results are verified by experimental results.

Modeling the dynamical behavior of the interaction of T-cells and human immunodeficiency virus with saturated incidence

In the last forty years,the rise of HIV has undoubtedly become a major concern in the field of public health,imposing significant economic burdens on affected regions.Consequently,it becomes imperative to undertake comprehensive investigations into the mechanisms governing the dissemination of HIV within the human body.In this work,we have devised a mathematical model that elucidates the intricate interplay between CD4^(+)T-cells and viruses of HIV,employing the principles of fractional calculus.The production rate of CD4^(+)T-cells,like other immune cells depends on certain factors such as age,health status,and the presence of infections or diseases.Therefore,we incorporate a variable source term in the dynamics of HIV infection with a saturated incidence rate to enhance the precision of our findings.We introduce the fundamental concepts of fractional operators as a means of scrutinizing the proposed HIV model.To facilitate a deeper understanding of our system,we present an iterative scheme that elucidates the trajectories of the solution pathways of the system.We show the time series analysis of our model through numerical findings to conceptualize and understand the key factors of the system.In addition to this,we present the phase portrait and the oscillatory behavior of the system with the variation of different input parameters.This information can be utilized to predict the long-term behavior of the system,including whether it will converge to a steady state or exhibit periodic or chaotic oscillations.

High strain rate deformation of explosion-welded Ti6Al4V/pure titanium

Multilayer materials are widely used in military,automobile and aerospace industries.In this paper,the response of an explosion-welded Ti6Al4V/pure titanium with a flat interface to dynamic loading is investigated.An SHPB apparatus is used.Then,the dynamic behaviour of a bimetal sample is explored with a DIC system coupled to the SHPB.Result indicates that in the bimetal sample pure titanium is deformed and failed before Ti6Al4V.The stress curve of the sample shows two different peaks in a striker velocity higher than the 18.3 m/s.When the incident wave encounters the interface of the Ti6Al4V/pure titanium sample,only a small fraction of the wave is reflected owing to similar impedance.Using the direct interpretation stress-strain curve is unreasonable in this case because of unhomogenised plastic deformation.The micro structure of the sample is investigated after loading.An adiabatic shear band is formed in the pure titanium side before failure,and the interface of the sample remains intact under different loading conditions.The FEM simulation result for the sample is in good agreement with experimental observations.

Transient chaos in smooth memristor oscillator

This paper presents a new smooth memristor oscillator, which is derived from Chua＇s oscillator by replacing Chua＇s diode with a flux-controlled memristor and a negative conductance. Novel parameters and initial conditions are dependent upon dynamical behaviours such as transient chaos and stable chaos with an intermittence period and are found in the smooth memristor oscillator. By using dynamical analysis approaches including time series, phase portraits and bifurcation diagrams, the dynamical behaviours of the proposed memristor oscillator are effectively investigated in this paper.

Novel four-wing and eight-wing attractors using coupled chaotic Lorenz systems

This paper presents the problem of generating four-wing （eight-wing） chaotic attractors. The adopted method consists in suitably coupling two （three） identical Lorenz systems. In analogy with the original Lorenz system, where the two wings of the butterfly attractor are located around the two equilibria with the unstable pair of complex-conjugate eigenvalues, this paper shows that the four wings （eight wings） of these novel attractors axe located around the four （eight） equilibria with two （three） pairs of unstable complex-conjugate eigenvalues.