Association of Hyperhomocysteinaemia with Hyperglycaemia, Dyslipidaemia, Hypertension and Obesity

There is conflicting scientific data about the link between, high homocysteine (Hcy) levels in the general population, and obesity. This is a case-control study aimed to assess the role of hyperhomocysteinemia in obesity and its associated illnesses, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia in Gezira state, Sudan. Two hundred and eleven participants were included in the study, 140 were obese (117 females and 23 males) and 71 were normal weight control, the obese median age was 49.49 ± 12.2 years. The control group consisted of 71 individuals with an average age of 45.78 ± 17.67 years. Among those who were already known to be obese, 67 (47.9%) reported having type II diabetes mellitus, 71 (50.7%) reported having hypertension, and 35 (25%) were obese without having either diabetes or hypertension. Three mls of venous blood from each participant were collected in the morning after a 12 h overnight fasting in Lithium heparin containers then the plasma was separated and stored at -80&deg;C for analysis. Serum Hcy and lipid profile were measured using the enzymatic method by Cobas C 411 analyzer. In comparison to obese non-hypertensive, the results showed that obese hypertensive with Hcy levels > 15 mol/L had a considerably increased risk (OR 1.12). When Hcy levels > 15 mol/L were compared to obese diabetics and obese non-diabetics, insignificant difference was shown (P: 0.345). Males had a higher likelihood of having hyperhomocysteinemia than females did (OR 1.2). Homocysteine, cholesterol triglyceride, LDL, and HDL mean values were compared between case and control groups using the independent sample t-test, and the results revealed statistically significant (P: <0.05). Relationships between hyperhomocysteinaemia and cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL in the group of obese individuals were not statistically significant (P: 0.574, 0.265, 0.748, and 0.14), respectively. Obesity and Hcyconcentrations were shown to be substantially correlated. However, there was no statistically significant association between baseline plasma Hcy levels and hyperglycemia, hypertension, or dyslipidemia.

Hydro-Ethanol Extract of Persea americana Fruit Pulp Ameliorates Dyslipidaemia and Cardiotoxicity Exerted by Alloxan-Induced Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes-induced dyslipidaemia has been associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart diseases. Persea americana fruit has been reported to possess anti-diabetic properties. Therefore, this study assessed the lipid profile and likely cardio-protective effects of hydroethanolic extracts of P. americana fruits in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Thirty-five male rats (150 ± 30 g) were divided into 5 groups (n = 7) and treated orally as follows;groups I-II were normal animals treated with distilled water (0.3 ml/day) and P. americana (300 mg/kg) only respectively. Animals in groups III-V were made diabetic using alloxan monohydrate (100 mg/kg i.p.) and treated orally with distilled water (0.3 ml/day), P. americana (300 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) respectively for 21 days. Fasting blood glucose level was monitored prior to, after induction of diabetes mellitus, and on day 21 post-treatment, respectively. Thereafter, retro-orbital blood samples were collected after anaesthesia and analysed for insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, apolipoproteins A1 and B, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities, reduced glutathione (GSH), Vitamin C and malondialdehyde levels, respectively. VLDL, atherogenic index (AI) and ApoB/A1 ratio were estimated mathematically. Pancreatic and cardiac structures were also investigated using Haematoxylin and Eosin stains. Treatment with P. ameriacana extracts reduced (p P. americana treated diabetic group. The hydro-ethanol fruit extract of Persea americana attenuates diabetes induced dyslipidaemia and reduces the susceptibility to cardiac impairment in experimental diabetes mellitus.

Apolipoprotein B Is a Good Tool for Screening Dyslipidaemia in Apparently Healthy Population

Dyslipidaemia is the major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) which is the leading cause of death in the world. Even though several lipid parameters are used, currently apolipoprotein B (apoB) is considered as the best predictor of CVD. Thus this study was carried out to find out the association between conventional lipid parameters and apoB in apparently healthy subjects. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 170 apparently healthy volunteers who were not diagnosed with dyslipidaemia. After 12 hours overnight fast venous blood was obtained and Total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured by enzymatic kit method. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated by Friedewald formula and apoB was analyzed by immune turbid metry using a Konelab® auto analyzer. Among the participants, majority (63.5%) were females. The mean value of apoB concentration of the population was 103 ± 42 mg/dL which was similar and not significantly different between the genders (Males, 102 ± 37 mg/dL and Females, 104 ± 45 mg/dL). All lipid parameters showed a positive correlation with apoB concentration whereas HDL-C had a negative correlation (r = -0.165). HDL-C significantly (p < 0.05) decreased with increase in apoB concentration while LDL-C, TC/HDL-C and non-HDL-C significantly (p < 0.05) increased with an increase in apoB concentration. Present study suggests that serum apoB has better correlations and associations with the parameters that are used in conventional lipid profile and with markers recommended for diagnosing dyslipidaemia. Hence apoB could be used as a single marker for screening dyslipidaemia in apparently healthy people.

Potential role of vitamin D in patients with diabetes,dyslipidaemia,and COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 has become a worldwide public health crisis.Studies have demonstrated that diabetes and dyslipidaemia are common comorbidities and could be high-risk factors for severe COVID-19.Vitamin D,a group of fatsoluble compounds responsible for intestinal absorption of calcium,magnesium,and phosphate,has been widely used as a dietary supplement for the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases,including infectious and non-infectious diseases,due to its high cost-effectiveness;safety;tolerability;and anti-thrombotic,anti-inflammatory,antiviral,and immunomodulatory properties.In this letter to the editor,we mainly discuss the potential role of vitamin D in patients with diabetes,dyslipidaemia,and COVID-19.

Dyslipidaemia among diabetic patients with ischemic stroke in a Chinese hospital

Background Dyslipidaemia is a potential independent The aim of this study was to investigate dyslipidaemia, with ischemic stroke in a Chinese hospital. risk factor for cerebrovascular disease in patients with diabetes. treatment and control of dyslipidaemia among diabetic patients Methods A total of 1046 type 2 diabetic patients were assigned to diabetes with （n=-522） and diabetes without stroke groups. The two groups were matched by gender, age and diabetes duration. Lipid and lipoprotein profile were measured. Serum level and control of lipids were assessed and classified according to American Diabetes Association （ADA） guidelines and an intensified low density lipoprotein-cholesterol （LDL-C） target recommended in Chinese dyslipidaemia control criteria. Results Diabetic patients suffering stroke displayed not only poorly-controlled lipid and lipoprotein profiles, including the significantly lower proportion of patients achieving intensified LDL-C target of 〈2.07 mmol/L （80 mg/dl）, and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol （HDL-C） target （14.4% vs 21.0%, P=0.005; 45.8% vs 51.9%, P=0.048 respectively）, but also less adherence to therapy prescribed for dyslipidaemia （30.8% vs 41.0%, P=0.001）, when compared with diabetic patients without stroke. For the diabetic women with stroke, situation of dyslipidaemia was worse, with significantly lower serum level of HDL-C and apoA1, higher LDL-C level and higher ratio of apoB/apoA1 when compared with diabetic counterparts without stroke. Conclusions Many diabetic patients with ischemic stroke remain uncontrolled for dyslipidaemia. Intensified LDL-C and overall lipid lowering clinical goals are potential precautions taken against ischemic stroke among diabetic patients in China.

上海高桥古镇社区老年人血脂异常情况分析

目的:分析上海高桥古镇社区60岁及以老人的血脂异常分布状况,为进一步实施社会卫生教育和健康管理提供科学依据。方法:对上海高桥古镇社区2022年1月至10月接受免费健康体检的11162名60岁及以上老年人的血脂指标进行统计分析,其中男性4980人,占44.60%,平均年龄为(70.21±6.35)岁;女性6182人,占55.40%。血脂指标主要包括总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)。结果:上海高桥古镇社区体检老人中血脂异常检出率高达71.83%,男性和女性的血脂异常检出率分别为66.73%和75.95%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。女性老年人在TG、LDL-C、TC升高的检出率均高于男性,而HDL-C降低的检出率则低于男性,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。血脂异常检出率随年龄的上升呈现下降的趋势(P<0.01)。结论:2022年高桥古镇社区60~69岁老年人血脂异常检出率明显偏高,女性的检出率较高。提示应该着重开展以老年女性为重点人群的健康教育,设立健康档案,进行免费的健康管理服务,以期达到改善血脂异常,预防心脑血管疾病的目的。

2016-2020年乌鲁木齐市新市区全民健康体检人群血脂异常检出情况及时间序列预测研究

目的分析2016-2020年乌鲁木齐市新市区全民健康体检人群血脂异常检出情况及影响因素,运用ARIMA时间序列模型对血脂异常情况进行拟合和预测。方法获取2016-2020年新市区年龄≥18岁全民健康体检人群血脂异常的相关数据及报表,分析5年间健康体检人群血脂异常的检出情况,以及血脂异常的影响因素,利用时间序列ARIMA模型对2016年1月-2019年12月的血脂异常检出率进行建模,选出最优模型对2020年1-12月血脂异常的检出率进行拟合及预测。结果年龄、性别(除2016年)、吸烟情况(除2019年)、饮酒频次(除2019年)、文化程度和体质指数是乌鲁木齐市新市区健康体检人群血脂异常的影响因素(P均<0.05)。在18~69岁年龄区间,血脂异常检出率随着年龄的增大而升高;除2016年外,男性的血脂异常检出率高于女性;有吸烟史者的血脂异常检出率较不吸烟者高;每天饮酒者的血脂异常检出率较高;文化程度大专及以上者的血脂异常检出率较低;超重和肥胖者的血脂异常检出率升高。通过赤池信息量(Akaike information criterion,AIC)和贝叶斯信息量(Bayesian information criterion,BIC)最小原则得出,ARIMA(1,1,1)(0,1,1)12为最优模型。该模型对2020年1-12月的血脂异常预测的平均绝对百分比误差为15.84%,除外疫情影响的月份,实际检出率均在95%的置信区间。结论2016-2020年新市区全民健康体检人群中男性、40岁以上、有吸烟史、每天饮酒、文化程度较低、超重和肥胖者血脂异常的检出率较高。ARIMA(1,1,1)(0,1,1)12模型能较好地对血脂异常的检出率进行拟合和短期预测,对新市区血脂异常防治有一定的指导意义。

福清地区3TC+TDF+EFV方案对HIV患者血脂水平影响的研究

目的 研究拉米夫定、替诺福韦、依非韦仑(3TC+TDF+EFV)抗病毒方案对HIV患者血脂水平的影响。方法 回顾性分析截止2022年12月在我院接受3TC+TDF+EFV抗病毒治疗满1年以上184例HIV患者的临床资料,比较服用抗病毒药物前、服药6月、1年时的血脂水平变化。97例患者服药时间满3年以上,分析抗病毒方案与血脂水平变化之间是否存在一定相关性。分析服药1年以上患者血脂异常的发生情况。统计分析采用SPSS 22.0。结果 184例患者治疗6月、1年时总胆固醇(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)呈进行性升高趋势。97例服药满3年以上的患者,TG、LDL呈逐步上升趋势。和治疗1年时相比,治疗2年时、3年时LDL数值上升,差异有统计学意义。高效抗反转录病毒治疗(HAART)3年时分别有34.0%、22.7%、17.5%患者的TG、TC、LDL数值高于正常值上限。HAART治疗1年时,TG、TC、LDL数值超出正常值的患者比例显著升高。结论 接受该方案治疗后早期对患者血脂水平的影响较为明显,随着抗病毒时间延长,仅对LDL的升高有影响。

198例脂肪肝临床分析

探讨脂肪肝的临床特点。B型超声诊断仪诊断脂肪肝 ,测定血胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白 (HGB)、平均红细胞体积 (MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度 (MCHC)、全血粘度、毛细血管血浆粘度、全血还原粘度。脂肪肝组血胆固醇、甘油三酯、红细胞、血红蛋白及全血粘度、毛细血管血浆粘度 ,全血还原粘度均高于对照组 ,有统计学意义。脂肪肝发病率上升 ,血脂异常 ,高粘血症为脂肪肝发病的危险因素 。

2型糖尿病周围神经病变机制研究进展

糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)是糖尿病患者常见的慢性并发症。2型糖尿病DPN发病机制尚未完全清楚,是由多种因素综合作用的结果。其中,高糖参与的外周神经损伤机制包括线粒体功能障碍及氧化应激、多元醇通路激活、晚期糖基化终产物、硝基化反应、内质网应激等。血脂紊乱的影响机制包括氧化和糖基化低密度脂蛋白、FFA、脂类介质、氧化型胆固醇等。另外,代谢性炎症、胰岛素抵抗、神经滋养血管病变、神经营养因子、外周神经的解剖学特点均参与其中,组成了复杂而相互关联的发病机制。因此,2型糖尿病DPN需要从多靶点进行综合治疗。该文对相关发病机制进行了系统综述。

活动期类风湿关节炎患者血脂与疾病活动度的相关性分析

目的观察活动期类风湿关节炎(RA)患者的血脂特征及动脉硬化指数(AI),分析血脂水平与疾病活动度之间的相关性。方法选择活动期RA患者51例,健康体检者52例为对照组,对血脂水平进行分析,包括血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),并计算AI。记录其疾病活动性指标,包括血沉(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)和28个关节疾病活动度评分(DAS 28)。对血脂水平与疾病活动度进行相关性分析。结果与对照组比较,活动期RA组TC、TG、LDL-C及AI升高,分别为(6.08±1.36)mmol/L vs(4.77±1.39)mmol/L、(2.41±1.28)mmol/L vs(1.42±0.83)mmol/L、(3.87±1.08)mmol/L vs(3.33±1.39)mmol/L及(5.12±1.78)vs(3.02±1.60);HDL-C水平降低,为(1.05±0.29)mmol/L vs(1.31±0.44)mmol/L(P<0.01或<0.05)。活动期RA患者DAS 28评分与TC(r=0.386,P<0.05)、LDL-C(r=0.444,P<0.01)和AI(r=0.793,P<0.01)呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关(r=-0.503,P<0.01),与TG无相关性。结论活动期RA患者血脂水平异常且与疾病活动度相关,对血脂进行干预可能改善RA患者的长期预后。

二甲双胍对喹硫平致精神分裂症患者糖脂代谢紊乱的疗效

目的·观察二甲双胍(metformin,MF)对喹硫平所致精神分裂症(schizophrenia,SZ)患者糖脂代谢紊乱的疗效。方法·纳入上海市虹口区精神卫生中心和上海市杨浦区精神卫生中心的83例SZ患者,随机分为治疗组(MF组)38例和对照组45例。对照组仅口服喹硫平治疗,MF组在喹硫平口服基础上,采用MF辅助治疗。于治疗前及治疗后第2、4、8周检测2组患者的葡萄糖(glucose,GLU)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、三酰甘油(triacylglycerol,TAG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、小而密低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(small density low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,sd-LDL-C)和同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,HCY)。结果·治疗前对照组与MF组比较,患者的年龄、病程、体质量指数、GLU、TC、TAG、HDL-C、LDL-C、sd-LDL-C和HCY检测结果差异均无统计学意义。治疗8周后,对照组所有实验室指标检测结果较治疗前均升高;MF组GLU、TC、TAG、LDL-C、sd-LDL-C和HCY水平较治疗前均下降,但HDL-C水平较治疗前升高。治疗8周后2组HDL-C水平的差异无统计学意义(P=0.247),其他实验室指标的组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),MF组的降糖、降脂效果显著优于对照组。方差分析结果显示,治疗4、8周后,对照组HDL-C水平与治疗前比较显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.005,P=0.003);对照组LDL-C水平在治疗2、4、8周后与治疗前比较显著升高(P=0.005,P=0.019,P=0.026);对照组其他实验室指标与治疗前比较差异均无统计学意义。治疗2、4、8周后,MF组GLU、TC、TAG和sd-LDL-C水平与治疗前比较显著下降;治疗4、8周后,MF组LDL-C和HCY水平与治疗前比较显著降低;治疗2周后MF组HDL-C水平与治疗前比较显著升高,但治疗4、8周后检测结果与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义。结论·对喹硫平治疗后致糖脂代谢紊乱的SZ患者实施MF辅助治疗,可显著降低患者血糖水平,改善患者血脂代谢。

吸烟与贵州老年男性人群血脂水平的关系研究

目的探讨吸烟对贵州老年男性人群血脂水平的影响,为临床干预和健康教育提供资料。方法选取2004年1月～2006年12月在我科常规体检的贵州老年男性人群2160人,对其进行问卷调查、体格检查和血脂检查,包括年龄、吸烟史、饮酒史、体重指数(BMI)、血压等情况。对吸烟与总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)和脂蛋白a〔Lp(a)〕的关系进行分析。结果当前吸烟者的TG水平〔(2.97±1.28)mmol/L〕明显高于不吸烟者〔(1.30±0.46)mmol/L〕和已戒烟者〔(1.32±0.78)mmol/L〕(P<0.001),而HDL-C水平〔(0.95±0.30)mmol/L〕却明显低于不吸烟者〔(1.24±0.40)mmol/L〕和已戒烟者〔(1.26±0.26)mmol/L〕(P<0.001)。当前吸烟者和已戒烟者的TG、TC及HDL-C水平异常与不吸烟者相比更常见。在将吸烟与其他影响血脂的因素(如饮酒、BMI、年龄)进行比较后发现,吸烟对血脂紊乱的影响最大(β=0.219),当对这些影响因素进行校正分析后发现吸烟是血脂紊乱的一个独立危险因素(P=0.032)。结论吸烟对贵州老年男性人群血脂水平具有重要的影响,从而引发动脉粥样硬化(AS)、心血管疾病和脑血管疾病。

2型糖尿病合并脑梗塞与血脂、血压分析

分析 2型糖尿病合并脑梗塞与血脂、血压异常的关系。收集我院 2型糖尿病患者 10 0例 ,其中合并脑梗塞者 6 0例 ,正常对照组 4 0例。分别测定血脂、血压并进行比较。结果糖尿病合并脑梗塞组血甘油三酯、载脂蛋白 B、收缩压明显升高 ,高密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白 A1显著降低。血甘油三酯、收缩压升高。

WJD 5^(th) Anniversary Special Issues(2): Type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: Have all risk factors the same strength?

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that occurs when the body cannot produce enough or effectively use of insulin.Compared with individuals without diabetes,patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a considerably higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality,and are disproportionately affected by cardiovascular disease.Most of this excess risk is it associated with an augmented prevalence of well-known risk factors such as hypertension,dyslipidaemia and obesity in these patients.However the improved cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients can not be attributed solely to the higher prevalence of traditional risk factors.Therefore other non-traditional risk factors may be important in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Cardiovascular disease is increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects due to a complex combination of various traditional and non-traditional risk factors that have an important role to play in the beginning and the evolution of atherosclerosis over its long natural history from endothelial function to clinical events.Many of these risk factors could be common history for both di-abetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease,reinforcing the postulate that both disorders come independently from"common soil".The objective of this review is to highlight the weight of traditional and non-traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the setting of type 2 diabetes mellitus and discuss their position in the pathogenesis of the excess cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in these patients.

高脂血症患者血清脂蛋白(a)及其特异性循环免疫复合物水平

目的 :分析不同高脂血症患者脂蛋白 (a)〔Lp(a)〕及其特异性循环免疫复合物 (CIC)水平 ,探讨三酰甘油(TG)对Lp(a)及Lp(a) CIC水平的调节作用。 方法 :用酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA)检测法分析 2 32例不同高脂血症患者血浆Lp(a) ,Lp(a) CIC和低密度脂蛋白 (LDL) CIC水平。 结果 :Lp(a)水平在高TG组患者最低 ;高总胆固醇 (TC)组患者最高 ;而混合组患者水平低于对照组。Lp(a) CIC、LDL CIC在高TG组患者水平最低 ;高TC组患者最高。TG水平分别与Lp(a) (r=- 0 .15 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,Lp(a) CIC (r =- 0 .2 0 ,P <0 .0 1)及LDL CIC (r =- 0 .2 14 ,P <0 .0 1)呈负相关。而Lp(a) CIC水平与Lp(a) (r =0 .6 5 ,P <0 .0 0 1)呈正相关 ,LDL CIC水平与LDL C (r =0 .4 3,P <0 .0 0 1)呈正相关。 结论 :高TG患者血浆Lp(a)及其CIC水平下降 ;不同高脂血症患者Lp(a) CIC、LDL CIC水平的变化随Lp(a)。

Resolution of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by rosuvastatin monotherapy in patients with metabolic syndrome

AIM: To investigate the effect of rosuvastatin monotherapy on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH). At present there is no effective treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or its advanced form NASH.METHODS: This prospective study included 20 biopsy proven patients with NASH, metabolic syndrome(Met S) and dyslipidaemia. Biochemical parameters of the blood of the patients and an ultrasonography of the liver were performed at baseline. Then patients receivedlifestyle advice and were treated for a 12 mo period with rosuvastatin(10 mg/d) monotherapy. Patients were re-evaluated during the study at 3 mo intervals, during which biochemical parameters of the blood were measured including liver enzymes. A repeat biopsy and ultrasonography of the liver were performed at the end of the study in all 20 patients. Changes in liver enzymes, fasting plasma glucose, serum creatinine, serum uric acid(SUA), high sensitivity C reactive protein(hs CRP) and lipid profile were assessed every 3 mo. The primary endpoint was the resolution of NASH and the secondary endpoints were the changes in liver enzyme and lipid values.RESULTS: The repeat liver biopsy and ultrasonography showed complete resolution of NASH in 19 patients, while the 20 th, which had no improvement but no deterioration either, developed arterial hypertension and substantial rise in triglyceride levels during the study, probably due to changes in lifestyle including alcohol abuse. Serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were normalised by the 3rd treatment month(ANOVA P < 0.001), while alkaline phosphatase activities by the 6th treatment month(ANOVA, P = 0.01). Fasting plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin were significantly reduced(P < 0.001). Lipid values were normalised by the 3rd treatment month. No patient had Met S by the 9th treatment month. Body mass index and waist circumference remained unchanged during the study. Thus, changes in liver pathology and function should be attributed solely to rosuvastatin treatment. A limitation of the study is the absence of a control group.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that rosuvastatin monotherapy could ameliorate biopsy proven NASH and resolve Met S within 12 mo. These effects and the reduction of fasting plasma glucose and SUA levels may reduce the risk of vascular and liver morbidity and mortality in NASH patients. These findings need confirmation in larger studies.

载脂蛋白C-Ⅲ研究进展

载脂蛋白C-Ⅲ是一种水溶性低分子蛋白质,主要分布于血浆高密度脂蛋白、极低密度脂蛋白和乳糜微粒中。新近研究表明,载脂蛋白C-Ⅲ是脂蛋白代谢的重要调节因子,与高三酰甘油血症和心血管疾病进展相关联。载脂蛋白C-Ⅲ在代谢综合征和动脉粥样硬化中起重要作用,可能是心血管疾病进展的重要预测因子。调节载脂蛋白C-Ⅲ代谢也许是控制代谢综合征患者血脂代谢异常和治疗心血管疾病发病的一重要靶点。

绝经激素治疗与代谢综合征风险研究进展

代谢综合征(包括腹型肥胖、糖代谢异常、脂代谢紊乱、高血压等)因与心血管病风险因素密切相关,已成为全球公共健康的一个主要挑战。绝经后激素治疗的应用已有半个多世纪,但绝经后激素治疗(menopause hormone therapy,MHT)的适应证及理想候选适应证仍然不清楚。绝经妇女心血管病风险的增高是这组人群死亡的主要原因。雌激素的降低与许多围绝经与绝经后妇女总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的增加,胰岛素抵抗的增加及血压的升高相关。这些变化的参数是代谢综合征的主要组分。目前推荐MHT作为血管舒缩症状的金标准治疗,其对代谢综合征组分及心血管病风险的益处仍不清楚,本文将对MHT与代谢综合征组分的风险及益处进行综述。