An E//B neutral particle analyzer(NPA)has been designed and is under development at Sichuan University and Southwestern Institute of Physics.The main purpose of the E//B NPA is to measure the distribution function of ...An E//B neutral particle analyzer(NPA)has been designed and is under development at Sichuan University and Southwestern Institute of Physics.The main purpose of the E//B NPA is to measure the distribution function of fast ions in the HL-2A/3 tokamak.The E//B NPA contains three main units,i.e.the stripping unit,the analyzing unit and the detection unit.A gas stripping chamber was adopted as the stripping unit.The results of the simulations and beam tests for the stripping chamber are presented.Parallel electric and magnetic fields provided by a NdFeB permanent magnet and two parallel electric plates were designed and constructed for the analyzing unit.The calibration of the magnetic and electric fields was performed using a 50 kV electron cyclotron resonance ion source(ECRIS)platform.The detection unit consists of 32lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate(LYSO)detector modules arranged in two rows.The response functions ofα,hydrogen ions(H^(+),H_(2)^(+)and H_(3)^(+))andγfor a detector module were measured with^(241)Am,^(137)Cs and^(152)Eu sources together with the 50 kV ECRIS platform.The overall results indicate that the designed E//B NPA device is capable of measuring the intensity of neutral hydrogen and deuteron atoms with energy higher than 20 keV.展开更多
BACKGROUND Models for predicting hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)seroconversion in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B(CHB)after nucleos(t)ide analog treatment are rare.AIM To establish a simple scoring model...BACKGROUND Models for predicting hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)seroconversion in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B(CHB)after nucleos(t)ide analog treatment are rare.AIM To establish a simple scoring model based on a response-guided therapy(RGT)strategy for predicting HBeAg seroconversion and hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)clearance.METHODS In this study,75 previously treated patients with HBeAg-positive CHB underwent a 52-week peginterferon-alfa(PEG-IFNα)treatment and a 24-wk follow-up.Logistic regression analysis was used to assess parameters at baseline,week 12,and week 24 to predict HBeAg seroconversion at 24 wk post-treatment.The two best predictors at each time point were used to establish a prediction model for PEG-IFNαtherapy efficacy.Parameters at each time point that met the corresponding optimal cutoff thresholds were scored as 1 or 0.RESULTS The two most meaningful predictors were HBsAg≤1000 IU/mL and HBeAg≤3 S/CO at baseline,HBsAg≤600 IU/mL and HBeAg≤3 S/CO at week 12,and HBsAg≤300 IU/mL and HBeAg≤2 S/CO at week 24.With a total score of 0 vs 2 at baseline,week 12,and week 24,the response rates were 23.8%,15.2%,and 11.1%vs 81.8%,80.0%,and 82.4%,respectively,and the HBsAg clearance rates were 2.4%,3.0%,and 0.0%,vs 54.5%,40.0%,and 41.2%,respectively.CONCLUSION We successfully established a predictive model and diagnosis-treatment process using the RGT strategy to predict HBeAg and HBsAg seroconversion in patients with HBeAg-positive CHB undergoing PEG-IFNαtherapy.展开更多
癌症是世界各国首要的死亡原因,也是影响预期寿命的重要障碍,癌症防治形势严峻,因此亟需探索出好的治疗途径和有效的药物。葫芦素B、E是从葫芦科植物甜瓜、黄瓜、西瓜、丝瓜等植物中提取出来的一类高度氧化的葫芦烷型四环三萜类物质。...癌症是世界各国首要的死亡原因,也是影响预期寿命的重要障碍,癌症防治形势严峻,因此亟需探索出好的治疗途径和有效的药物。葫芦素B、E是从葫芦科植物甜瓜、黄瓜、西瓜、丝瓜等植物中提取出来的一类高度氧化的葫芦烷型四环三萜类物质。在抗癌研究中显示出对多种癌细胞具有增殖抑制和抗转移的活性,其机制可能与破坏细胞骨架、干扰F-肌动蛋白、诱导细胞周期阻滞、诱导凋亡自噬、促进DNA损伤、诱导活性氧(ROS)形成以及诱导铁死亡有关,本文就葫芦素B、E的抗肿瘤作用和机制做一综述。Cancer is the leading cause of death and a major obstacle to life expectancy in all countries of the world, and the situation of cancer prevention and treatment is grim, so there is an urgent need to explore good therapeutic avenues and effective drugs. Cucurbitacin B and E are a class of highly oxidized cucurbitane-type tetracyclic triterpenoids extracted from cucurbit plants such as melon, cucumber, watermelon, loofah, and so on. In anticancer studies, they have shown proliferation inhibition and antimetastatic activity against a variety of cancer cells, and their mechanisms may be related to the destruction of the cytoskeleton, interference with F-actin, induction of cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis and autophagy, promotion of DNA damage, induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and induction of ferroptosis. This article provides a review of the antitumor effects and mechanisms of cucurbitacin B and E.展开更多
基金supported by the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Energy R&D Program of China(No.2018YFE0310200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11705242,11805138 and 12175156)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China(Nos.YJ201820 and YJ201954)。
文摘An E//B neutral particle analyzer(NPA)has been designed and is under development at Sichuan University and Southwestern Institute of Physics.The main purpose of the E//B NPA is to measure the distribution function of fast ions in the HL-2A/3 tokamak.The E//B NPA contains three main units,i.e.the stripping unit,the analyzing unit and the detection unit.A gas stripping chamber was adopted as the stripping unit.The results of the simulations and beam tests for the stripping chamber are presented.Parallel electric and magnetic fields provided by a NdFeB permanent magnet and two parallel electric plates were designed and constructed for the analyzing unit.The calibration of the magnetic and electric fields was performed using a 50 kV electron cyclotron resonance ion source(ECRIS)platform.The detection unit consists of 32lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate(LYSO)detector modules arranged in two rows.The response functions ofα,hydrogen ions(H^(+),H_(2)^(+)and H_(3)^(+))andγfor a detector module were measured with^(241)Am,^(137)Cs and^(152)Eu sources together with the 50 kV ECRIS platform.The overall results indicate that the designed E//B NPA device is capable of measuring the intensity of neutral hydrogen and deuteron atoms with energy higher than 20 keV.
基金Supported by the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation,No.2108085MH298the Scientific Research Project of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,No.2019GMFY02 and 2021lcxk027the Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province,No.KJ2021A0323.
文摘BACKGROUND Models for predicting hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)seroconversion in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B(CHB)after nucleos(t)ide analog treatment are rare.AIM To establish a simple scoring model based on a response-guided therapy(RGT)strategy for predicting HBeAg seroconversion and hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)clearance.METHODS In this study,75 previously treated patients with HBeAg-positive CHB underwent a 52-week peginterferon-alfa(PEG-IFNα)treatment and a 24-wk follow-up.Logistic regression analysis was used to assess parameters at baseline,week 12,and week 24 to predict HBeAg seroconversion at 24 wk post-treatment.The two best predictors at each time point were used to establish a prediction model for PEG-IFNαtherapy efficacy.Parameters at each time point that met the corresponding optimal cutoff thresholds were scored as 1 or 0.RESULTS The two most meaningful predictors were HBsAg≤1000 IU/mL and HBeAg≤3 S/CO at baseline,HBsAg≤600 IU/mL and HBeAg≤3 S/CO at week 12,and HBsAg≤300 IU/mL and HBeAg≤2 S/CO at week 24.With a total score of 0 vs 2 at baseline,week 12,and week 24,the response rates were 23.8%,15.2%,and 11.1%vs 81.8%,80.0%,and 82.4%,respectively,and the HBsAg clearance rates were 2.4%,3.0%,and 0.0%,vs 54.5%,40.0%,and 41.2%,respectively.CONCLUSION We successfully established a predictive model and diagnosis-treatment process using the RGT strategy to predict HBeAg and HBsAg seroconversion in patients with HBeAg-positive CHB undergoing PEG-IFNαtherapy.
文摘癌症是世界各国首要的死亡原因,也是影响预期寿命的重要障碍,癌症防治形势严峻,因此亟需探索出好的治疗途径和有效的药物。葫芦素B、E是从葫芦科植物甜瓜、黄瓜、西瓜、丝瓜等植物中提取出来的一类高度氧化的葫芦烷型四环三萜类物质。在抗癌研究中显示出对多种癌细胞具有增殖抑制和抗转移的活性,其机制可能与破坏细胞骨架、干扰F-肌动蛋白、诱导细胞周期阻滞、诱导凋亡自噬、促进DNA损伤、诱导活性氧(ROS)形成以及诱导铁死亡有关,本文就葫芦素B、E的抗肿瘤作用和机制做一综述。Cancer is the leading cause of death and a major obstacle to life expectancy in all countries of the world, and the situation of cancer prevention and treatment is grim, so there is an urgent need to explore good therapeutic avenues and effective drugs. Cucurbitacin B and E are a class of highly oxidized cucurbitane-type tetracyclic triterpenoids extracted from cucurbit plants such as melon, cucumber, watermelon, loofah, and so on. In anticancer studies, they have shown proliferation inhibition and antimetastatic activity against a variety of cancer cells, and their mechanisms may be related to the destruction of the cytoskeleton, interference with F-actin, induction of cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis and autophagy, promotion of DNA damage, induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and induction of ferroptosis. This article provides a review of the antitumor effects and mechanisms of cucurbitacin B and E.
