Purpose: To evaluate the profile of in vitro susceptibility of yeasts isolated from cases of primary and espisodic vulvovaginitis to two antifungal agents. Methods: 40 Candida isolates from episodes of vulvovaginal ca...Purpose: To evaluate the profile of in vitro susceptibility of yeasts isolated from cases of primary and espisodic vulvovaginitis to two antifungal agents. Methods: 40 Candida isolates from episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis were identified by classic methodologies. The susceptibility testing of the in vitro fluconazole and ketoconazole activity against the isolates was accessed by E-test. Results: C. albicans was the most common species identified in 70% of the occurrences followed by C. glabrata (20%), C. tropicalis (7.5%), and C. guilliermondii (2.5%). In the susceptibility profile to antifungal agents, 12.5% and 16.7% of the isolates obtained from primary and episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis were resistant to fluconazole, respectively. To ketoconazole, we found that 6.25% and 12.5% of the isolates respectively from primary vulvovaginal candidiasis (PVVC) and episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis (EVVC) had high MIC values. Conclusions: E-test is a reliable method for the susceptibility testing of Candida spp. due to its simplicity, reproducibility, and lack of specialized equipment. Resistant strains and non-albicans species were verified more in cases of EVVC than in PVVC. Clinical and mycological cure of patients with episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis or complicated cases occurred after prolonged treatment and sometimes with multiple antifungals use.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim: </span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The objective of this study w...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim: </span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The objective of this study was to isolate, identify, and explore the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">vitro</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> antifungal susceptibility pattern of dermatophytes isolated from clinica</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">lly suspected cases of dermatophytosis (tinea infections) attending th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e Dermatology Department at J.S.S Hospital. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This study was conducted at JSS Medical College and Hospital from December 2016 to December 2017. Clinical samples (e.g., skin scrapings and hair stumps) were collected under asep</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tic precautions. The identification of dermatophytes was perfor</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">med</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> through microscopic examination using 10%, 20% & 40% potassium hydroxide (KOH) and culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA), SDAac, PDA and Dermatophyte test medium (DTM). All dermatophytes isolates were subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing using the agar-base</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">d disk diffusion (ABDD) and E-test method against Terbinafine, Itraconazole, Fluconazole, and Griseofulvin. Data were analyzed by using Chi square test. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A 100 samples were studied, 46% tinea corporis, 2%tinea cruris, 9% tinea pedis, 5% tin</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ea faciei. The dermatophytes isolated were </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichophyton rubrum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 1</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1 (35%), </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichophyton mentagrophyte</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 8 (25%), </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichophyton tonsurans</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 5 (16%), Microsporum gypseum 3</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(10%), </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichophyton verrucosum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 2 (6%), </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichophyton violaceum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 1</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(3%) and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Microsporum audouinii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 1 (3%). Out of 31 dermatophytes 17 were sensitive to all four antifungal agents within the range of FLC (2</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">6</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mcg/ml), ITR (0.125</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2), TER (0.125</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2), and GRI (0.125</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2), 5 isolates were resistant in which 2 were resistant to FLC (64.256 mcg/ml), 2 isolates were resistant to TER 2 (32.38 mcg/ml), 1 isolate was resistant to both GRI and TER (16.32 mcg/ml) and 9 isolates were within the intermediate range. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Every patient with a tinea infection should be properly studied for a mycological examination and should be treated accordingly. Dermatophyte test medium is more useful as an identification medium in the isolation of dermatophytes. The ABDD method appears to be a simple, cost-effective, and promising method for the evaluation of antifungal susceptibility of dermatophytes. E-test method is the most sensitive method due to the fact that quantitative MICs can be obtained directly from the E-strip. However, the E-test method is expensive and difficult in defining the precise borders of the inhibition zones in dermatophytes</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.展开更多
文摘Purpose: To evaluate the profile of in vitro susceptibility of yeasts isolated from cases of primary and espisodic vulvovaginitis to two antifungal agents. Methods: 40 Candida isolates from episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis were identified by classic methodologies. The susceptibility testing of the in vitro fluconazole and ketoconazole activity against the isolates was accessed by E-test. Results: C. albicans was the most common species identified in 70% of the occurrences followed by C. glabrata (20%), C. tropicalis (7.5%), and C. guilliermondii (2.5%). In the susceptibility profile to antifungal agents, 12.5% and 16.7% of the isolates obtained from primary and episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis were resistant to fluconazole, respectively. To ketoconazole, we found that 6.25% and 12.5% of the isolates respectively from primary vulvovaginal candidiasis (PVVC) and episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis (EVVC) had high MIC values. Conclusions: E-test is a reliable method for the susceptibility testing of Candida spp. due to its simplicity, reproducibility, and lack of specialized equipment. Resistant strains and non-albicans species were verified more in cases of EVVC than in PVVC. Clinical and mycological cure of patients with episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis or complicated cases occurred after prolonged treatment and sometimes with multiple antifungals use.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim: </span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The objective of this study was to isolate, identify, and explore the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">vitro</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> antifungal susceptibility pattern of dermatophytes isolated from clinica</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">lly suspected cases of dermatophytosis (tinea infections) attending th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e Dermatology Department at J.S.S Hospital. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This study was conducted at JSS Medical College and Hospital from December 2016 to December 2017. Clinical samples (e.g., skin scrapings and hair stumps) were collected under asep</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tic precautions. The identification of dermatophytes was perfor</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">med</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> through microscopic examination using 10%, 20% & 40% potassium hydroxide (KOH) and culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA), SDAac, PDA and Dermatophyte test medium (DTM). All dermatophytes isolates were subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing using the agar-base</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">d disk diffusion (ABDD) and E-test method against Terbinafine, Itraconazole, Fluconazole, and Griseofulvin. Data were analyzed by using Chi square test. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A 100 samples were studied, 46% tinea corporis, 2%tinea cruris, 9% tinea pedis, 5% tin</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ea faciei. The dermatophytes isolated were </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichophyton rubrum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 1</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1 (35%), </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichophyton mentagrophyte</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 8 (25%), </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichophyton tonsurans</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 5 (16%), Microsporum gypseum 3</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(10%), </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichophyton verrucosum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 2 (6%), </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichophyton violaceum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 1</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(3%) and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Microsporum audouinii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 1 (3%). Out of 31 dermatophytes 17 were sensitive to all four antifungal agents within the range of FLC (2</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">6</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mcg/ml), ITR (0.125</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2), TER (0.125</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2), and GRI (0.125</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2), 5 isolates were resistant in which 2 were resistant to FLC (64.256 mcg/ml), 2 isolates were resistant to TER 2 (32.38 mcg/ml), 1 isolate was resistant to both GRI and TER (16.32 mcg/ml) and 9 isolates were within the intermediate range. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Every patient with a tinea infection should be properly studied for a mycological examination and should be treated accordingly. Dermatophyte test medium is more useful as an identification medium in the isolation of dermatophytes. The ABDD method appears to be a simple, cost-effective, and promising method for the evaluation of antifungal susceptibility of dermatophytes. E-test method is the most sensitive method due to the fact that quantitative MICs can be obtained directly from the E-strip. However, the E-test method is expensive and difficult in defining the precise borders of the inhibition zones in dermatophytes</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.