Glutamate transporter EAAC1 removes excitatory neurotransmitter in central nervous system, and alsoabsorbs glutamate in epithelia of intestine, kidney, liver and heart for normal cell growth. When a mousecDNA was scre...Glutamate transporter EAAC1 removes excitatory neurotransmitter in central nervous system, and alsoabsorbs glutamate in epithelia of intestine, kidney, liver and heart for normal cell growth. When a mousecDNA was screened using EAAC1 cDNA fragment as probe in our lab, a transcript (GenBank U75214)encoding an EAAC1 protein with 148 residues truncated at N-terminal was cloned and named as EAAC2.Sequence analysis shows that EAAC2 has it's own start code and unique 5'UTR that is different from that ofEAAC1. A mouse genomic library was screened and a positive clone including EAAC1 CDS was sequenced(GenBank AF 322393) and indicates that normal EAAC1 transcript (GenBank U73521) is transcribed from10 exons in terms of exon I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, and EAAC2 transcript is consisted by exonsfrom IV to IX as same as that of EAAC1 and with its unique exonβ upstream to exon IV and exon δdownstream to IX. EAAC2 transcript has a cluster of transcriptional start sites not overlapping with thetranscriptional start sites of EAAC1. These results indicate that EAAC2 is transcribed from an independentpromoter but not an alternative splicing event.展开更多
Objective： To study the morphologic abnormalities of the myenteric plexus in diabetic rats and to explore the mechanism of their effect on gastrointestinal motility. Methods： Forty rats were randomly divided into a ...Objective： To study the morphologic abnormalities of the myenteric plexus in diabetic rats and to explore the mechanism of their effect on gastrointestinal motility. Methods： Forty rats were randomly divided into a diabetic group and a control group, Gastric emptying and small intestine transit rates were measured and histologic and molecular changes in glutamatergic nerves in the ileal myenteric plexus were observed, mGluR5 receptor and EAAC1 transporter changes in the diabetic rats were studied using fluorescence immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Results：Eighteen weeks after the establishment of the diabetic rats model, gastric emptying and small intestine transit rates were found to be significantly delayed in the diabetic group when compared with the control group. The density of glutamatergic ganglia and neurons in the ileal myenterie plexus were significantly decreased in the diabetic group when compared with control group（P 〈 0.05） and the mGluR5 receptors and EAAC1 transporters were downregulated in the diabetic rats（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： Decreased glutamatergic enteric ganglia and neurons and decreased mGluR5 receptors and EAAC1 transporters in the intestinal myenteric plexus is one of the mechanisms of diabetic gastroenteropathy in rats.展开更多
文摘Glutamate transporter EAAC1 removes excitatory neurotransmitter in central nervous system, and alsoabsorbs glutamate in epithelia of intestine, kidney, liver and heart for normal cell growth. When a mousecDNA was screened using EAAC1 cDNA fragment as probe in our lab, a transcript (GenBank U75214)encoding an EAAC1 protein with 148 residues truncated at N-terminal was cloned and named as EAAC2.Sequence analysis shows that EAAC2 has it's own start code and unique 5'UTR that is different from that ofEAAC1. A mouse genomic library was screened and a positive clone including EAAC1 CDS was sequenced(GenBank AF 322393) and indicates that normal EAAC1 transcript (GenBank U73521) is transcribed from10 exons in terms of exon I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, and EAAC2 transcript is consisted by exonsfrom IV to IX as same as that of EAAC1 and with its unique exonβ upstream to exon IV and exon δdownstream to IX. EAAC2 transcript has a cluster of transcriptional start sites not overlapping with thetranscriptional start sites of EAAC1. These results indicate that EAAC2 is transcribed from an independentpromoter but not an alternative splicing event.
文摘Objective： To study the morphologic abnormalities of the myenteric plexus in diabetic rats and to explore the mechanism of their effect on gastrointestinal motility. Methods： Forty rats were randomly divided into a diabetic group and a control group, Gastric emptying and small intestine transit rates were measured and histologic and molecular changes in glutamatergic nerves in the ileal myenteric plexus were observed, mGluR5 receptor and EAAC1 transporter changes in the diabetic rats were studied using fluorescence immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Results：Eighteen weeks after the establishment of the diabetic rats model, gastric emptying and small intestine transit rates were found to be significantly delayed in the diabetic group when compared with the control group. The density of glutamatergic ganglia and neurons in the ileal myenterie plexus were significantly decreased in the diabetic group when compared with control group（P 〈 0.05） and the mGluR5 receptors and EAAC1 transporters were downregulated in the diabetic rats（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： Decreased glutamatergic enteric ganglia and neurons and decreased mGluR5 receptors and EAAC1 transporters in the intestinal myenteric plexus is one of the mechanisms of diabetic gastroenteropathy in rats.
