Based on mass and energy balances and theories of thermodynamics and kinetics, a dynamic model in conjunction with relative operation parameters was derived. With this model, the EAF process in later stage of scarp me...Based on mass and energy balances and theories of thermodynamics and kinetics, a dynamic model in conjunction with relative operation parameters was derived. With this model, the EAF process in later stage of scarp melting was dynamically described, including time dependent variations of bath temperature, slag quantity, compositions of steel, slag and off-gas, etc. Steelmaking process in a domestic 100 ton UHP AC EAF was chosen as a computational example, and the simulated variations of temperature of hot metal and element contents was shown consistent with the actual process measurements within average error scopes of |△T| <15K, |[△A%C]| ≤ 0.036, |[△%Si]|≤0.00027, |[△%Mn]|≤0.002, |[△%P]|≤0.00089 and |[△%S]|≤0.001 respectively at the test points. The model will be extended to predict the whole production process including scrap melting procedure and evaluate its energy and material consumption, the production efficiency, etc., which will provide assistance for the improvement of EAF operation and control.展开更多
Electric arc furnace （EAF） dust from steel industries is listed by the United Sates EPA as a hazardous waste under the regulations of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act due to the presence of lead, cadmium a...Electric arc furnace （EAF） dust from steel industries is listed by the United Sates EPA as a hazardous waste under the regulations of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act due to the presence of lead, cadmium and chlorine. The disposal of the approximately 650000 t of EAF dust per year in the U.S. and Canada is an expensive and unresolved problem for the majority of steel companies. The Waelz process has been considered as the best process for treating the EAF dust. A process model, combined thermodynamic modeling with heat transfer calculations, has been developed to simulate the chemical reactions, mass and heat trans- fer and heat balance in the kiln. The injection of air into the slag and the temperature profile along the kiln have been modeled. The effect of （CaO＋MgO）/SiO2 on the solidus temperature of slag has also been predicted and discussed. Some optimized results have been presented.展开更多
The endpoint parameters are very important to the process of EAF steel-making, but their on-line measurement is difficult. The soft sensor technology is widely used for the prediction of endpoint parameters. Based on ...The endpoint parameters are very important to the process of EAF steel-making, but their on-line measurement is difficult. The soft sensor technology is widely used for the prediction of endpoint parameters. Based on the analysis of the smelting process of EAF and the advantages of support vector machines, a soft sensor model for predicting the endpoint parameters was built using multiple support vector machines （MSVM）. In this model, the input space was divided by subtractive clustering and a sub-model based on LS-SVM was built in each sub-space. To decrease the correlation among the sub-models and to improve the accuracy and robustness of the model, the sub- models were combined by Principal Components Regression. The accuracy of the soft sensor model is perfectly improved. The simulation result demonstrates the practicability and efficiency of the MSVM model for the endpoint prediction of EAF.展开更多
Inverse modeling is discussed based on neural networks. U-D factorization Kalman filter learning algorithm is introduced totrain a feed forward multilayer neural network, which is used as inverse models. A scheme of D...Inverse modeling is discussed based on neural networks. U-D factorization Kalman filter learning algorithm is introduced totrain a feed forward multilayer neural network, which is used as inverse models. A scheme of Direct Current Electric Arc Furnace (DCEAF) control systems using Neural Networks (NN) is presented.展开更多
模块化多电平换流器MMC(modular multilevel converter)是电压源换流器型直流输电领域的一种新型拓扑,与传统的两电平存在一定的不同,因而对其建模及控制策略进行研究,有重要的意义。论文介绍了MMC的拓扑结构及工作原理。在考虑桥臂电...模块化多电平换流器MMC(modular multilevel converter)是电压源换流器型直流输电领域的一种新型拓扑,与传统的两电平存在一定的不同,因而对其建模及控制策略进行研究,有重要的意义。论文介绍了MMC的拓扑结构及工作原理。在考虑桥臂电抗的基础上,推导出模块化多电平换流器型直流输电MMC-HVDC(modular multilevel converter-high voltage direct current)的数学模型,进一步得到MMC-HVDC的简化电路图。在PSCAD/EMTDC下搭建了21电平MMC-HVDC系统,在dq同步旋转坐标系下,采用前馈解耦控制策略进行仿真研究,仿真结果验证了该数学模型的正确性和控制策略的有效性。展开更多
文摘Based on mass and energy balances and theories of thermodynamics and kinetics, a dynamic model in conjunction with relative operation parameters was derived. With this model, the EAF process in later stage of scarp melting was dynamically described, including time dependent variations of bath temperature, slag quantity, compositions of steel, slag and off-gas, etc. Steelmaking process in a domestic 100 ton UHP AC EAF was chosen as a computational example, and the simulated variations of temperature of hot metal and element contents was shown consistent with the actual process measurements within average error scopes of |△T| <15K, |[△A%C]| ≤ 0.036, |[△%Si]|≤0.00027, |[△%Mn]|≤0.002, |[△%P]|≤0.00089 and |[△%S]|≤0.001 respectively at the test points. The model will be extended to predict the whole production process including scrap melting procedure and evaluate its energy and material consumption, the production efficiency, etc., which will provide assistance for the improvement of EAF operation and control.
文摘Electric arc furnace （EAF） dust from steel industries is listed by the United Sates EPA as a hazardous waste under the regulations of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act due to the presence of lead, cadmium and chlorine. The disposal of the approximately 650000 t of EAF dust per year in the U.S. and Canada is an expensive and unresolved problem for the majority of steel companies. The Waelz process has been considered as the best process for treating the EAF dust. A process model, combined thermodynamic modeling with heat transfer calculations, has been developed to simulate the chemical reactions, mass and heat trans- fer and heat balance in the kiln. The injection of air into the slag and the temperature profile along the kiln have been modeled. The effect of （CaO＋MgO）/SiO2 on the solidus temperature of slag has also been predicted and discussed. Some optimized results have been presented.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (60374003)
文摘The endpoint parameters are very important to the process of EAF steel-making, but their on-line measurement is difficult. The soft sensor technology is widely used for the prediction of endpoint parameters. Based on the analysis of the smelting process of EAF and the advantages of support vector machines, a soft sensor model for predicting the endpoint parameters was built using multiple support vector machines （MSVM）. In this model, the input space was divided by subtractive clustering and a sub-model based on LS-SVM was built in each sub-space. To decrease the correlation among the sub-models and to improve the accuracy and robustness of the model, the sub- models were combined by Principal Components Regression. The accuracy of the soft sensor model is perfectly improved. The simulation result demonstrates the practicability and efficiency of the MSVM model for the endpoint prediction of EAF.
文摘Inverse modeling is discussed based on neural networks. U-D factorization Kalman filter learning algorithm is introduced totrain a feed forward multilayer neural network, which is used as inverse models. A scheme of Direct Current Electric Arc Furnace (DCEAF) control systems using Neural Networks (NN) is presented.
文摘模块化多电平换流器MMC(modular multilevel converter)是电压源换流器型直流输电领域的一种新型拓扑,与传统的两电平存在一定的不同,因而对其建模及控制策略进行研究,有重要的意义。论文介绍了MMC的拓扑结构及工作原理。在考虑桥臂电抗的基础上,推导出模块化多电平换流器型直流输电MMC-HVDC(modular multilevel converter-high voltage direct current)的数学模型,进一步得到MMC-HVDC的简化电路图。在PSCAD/EMTDC下搭建了21电平MMC-HVDC系统,在dq同步旋转坐标系下,采用前馈解耦控制策略进行仿真研究,仿真结果验证了该数学模型的正确性和控制策略的有效性。
