The European Cup Has Limited Effect to “Save” Europe

On June 15th,the one-month European Football Championship(hereinafter referred to as the European Cup)kicked off in Germany.In 2023,Germany’s GDP shrank by 0.3%,which was the worst performance among the world’s major economies.This year,Germany is pinning its hopes on the European Championship to stimulate consumption and boost the economy.

The launch of European technical committee on carbon capture, utilization and storage

The Dutch Standardization Institute(NEN) has initiated the establishment of a European technical committee(CEN/TC 474) that will develop European Standards across the CCUS(carbon capture, utilization and storage) value chain. With broad participation from CEN Members and European organizations, the committee kicked off in Brussels and finalized its scope and first work programme.

Predicaments and Prospects of European Social Democracy Amidst Multiple Crises

The global financial crisis,the refugee crisis,the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ukraine crisis have been compounded with one another,bringing a heavy blow to European economy and society.Meanwhile,center-left parties in most of the European countries are suffering severe electoral setbacks with a steep decline in public support for various reasons.European social democracy is obviously losing its way and how to break the current predicaments becomes its highest priority.

How Marie Sklodowska-Curie Doctoral Networks Can Support European Refractory Ecosystem in Context of The European Green Deal

The movement of the Iron&Steelmaking(I&S)industry towards Net-Zero emissions and digitalized processes through disruptive,breakthrough technologies will be achieved through the use of Hydrogen.The biggest challenge for the refractory industry is to continue to meet the performance expectations while,at the same time,moving to a more sustainable production direction.The complexity and urgency of these technological changes,highlighted by the European Green Deal,requires ambitious,international,interdisciplinary and intersectoral projects,bringing together institutes from across the global value chain,to carry out cutting edge research.The European Union,through its flagship doctoral training program,MSCA,has,and continues to support research and development as well as the promotion of the refractory industry in Europe.An introduction to two MSCA projects and some of the results achieved are highlighted within this article.

汽车及零部件电磁兼容测试方法基于ECE R10的变化解析

汽车电子电磁兼容性不仅是评价汽车及零部件的重要性能指标之一,也是汽车及零部件出口国外市场必要的测试之一,车企出口欧盟需要满足《关于车辆电磁兼容性能认证的统一规定》(ECE R10)要求并遵照法规要求进行电磁兼容测试。本文对比了新旧版本ECE R10对于测试方法与要求的变化,为开展汽车电子产品的电磁兼容检测和认证提供参考。

基于频率匹配的EC模式定量降水偏差订正

为了提升模式预报效果,文章利用四川盆地南部20182020年59月的EC模式降水预报资料和实况降水资料,采用频率匹配的方法对EC模式的24 h累计降水进行订正、分析和检验。结果表明当降水阈值小于25.0 mm时,EC模式定量降水预报存在明显湿偏差,反之存在弱干偏差。研究结果为提升相关区域的降水预报能力提供支持。

基于频率匹配的EC模式定量降水偏差订正

为了提升模式预报效果,文章利用四川盆地南部2018-2020年5-9月的EC模式降水预报资料和实况降水资料,采用频率匹配的方法对EC模式的24 h累计降水进行订正分析和检验,给出了预报偏差订正系数。研究结果能够提升相关区域的降水预报能力。

EC130温拌剂对SBS改性沥青高温性能及抗疲劳性能的影响

作为制备沸石发泡沥青的发泡剂,EC130温拌剂释放的发泡水和残留的沸石矿物对沥青的性能有着不同的影响.为研究EC130温拌剂对SBS改性沥青高温性能和抗疲劳性能的影响,采用石灰岩矿粉、EC130沸石矿物和EC130温拌剂等3种添加物,设计了以添加物掺量为变量的单因素试验.以石灰岩矿粉为参照对象,通过温度扫描试验、多重应力蠕变恢复试验和线性振幅扫描试验,分析了EC130沸石矿物和EC130温拌剂释放的发泡水对SBS改性沥青高温性能和抗疲劳性能的影响.结果表明:同石灰岩矿粉一样,沸石发泡沥青中的EC130沸石矿物使沥青弹性增大、黏性减小,有利于抗车辙性能的提升,但不利于抗疲劳性能;沸石发泡沥青中的发泡水使其黏性增大、弹性减小,有利于抗疲劳性能的提升,但不利于抗车辙性能.

Tax avoidance and earnings management:a neural network approach for the largest European economies

In this study,we investigate the relationship between tax avoidance and earnings management in the largest five European Union economies by using artificial neural network regressions.This methodology allows us to deal with nonlinearities detected in the data,which is the principal contribution to the previous literature.We ana-lyzed Compustat data for Germany,the United Kingdom,France,Italy,and Spain for the 2006–2015 period,focusing on discretionary accruals.We considered three tax avoidance measures,two based on the effective tax rate(ETR)and one on book-tax differences(BTD).Our results indicate the presence of nonlinear patterns and a posi-tive,statistically significant relationship between discretionary accruals and both ETR indicators implying that when companies resort to earnings management,a larger tax-able income—and thus higher ETR and lesser tax avoidance–would ensue.Hence,as also highlighted by the fact that discretionary accruals do not appear to affect BTD,our evidence does not suggest that companies are exploiting tax manipulation to reduce their tax payments;thus,the gap between accounting and taxation seems largely unaf-fected by earnings management.

Microstructure and water-swelling mechanism of red-bed mudstone in the Xining region,Northeastern Tibetan Plateau

This paper examines the effect of the microstructure and electrical conductivity(EC)on the swelling ratio and pressure in red-bed mudstone sampled from arid areas in the Xining region in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau.A series of laboratory tests,including swelling experiments,X-ray diffraction(XRD),and scanning electron microscope(SEM),was carried out for mechanical and microstructural analysis.The coupled influence of the EC and microstructural parameters on the expansion ratio and pressure was investigated,and the weight coefficients were discussed by the entropy weight method.The results revealed an increasing exponential trend in EC,and the maximum swelling speed occurred at an EC of approximately 10 μS/cm.In addition,a method for predicting the expansion potential is proposed based on the microstructure,and its reliability is verified by comparing with swelling experimental results.In addition,according to the image analysis results,the ranges of the change in the clay minerals content(CMC),the fractal dimension(FD),the average diameter(AD)of pores,and the plane porosity(PP)are 23.75%-53%,1.08-1.17,7.53-22.45 mm,and 0.62%-1.25%,respectively.Moreover,mudstone swelling is negatively correlated with the plane porosity,fractal dimension and average diameter and is linearly correlated with the clay mineral content.Furthermore,the weight values prove that the microstructural characteristics,including FD,AD,and PP,are the main factors influencing the expansion properties of red-bed mudstones in the Xining region.Based on the combination of macro and micro-analyses,a quantitative analysis of the swelling process of mudstones can provide a better reference for understanding the mechanism of expansion behavior.

气溶胶中OC和EC分离方法研究

碳质气溶胶的来源解析及其环境行为研究可以为我国的“减碳”及相关法规的制定提供必要的科学依据,是目前全球气候变化和大气环境科学研究的前沿和热点之一。本文通过氚碳氧化燃烧炉实现气溶胶样品中OC和EC的分离,建立最佳的升温程序,研究基于氚碳氧化燃烧炉的气溶胶中OC和EC分离方法。

Analysis of the joint detection capability of the SMILE satellite and EISCAT-3D radar

The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)satellite is a small magnetosphere–ionosphere link explorer developed cooperatively between China and Europe.It pioneers the use of X-ray imaging technology to perform large-scale imaging of the Earth’s magnetosheath and polar cusp regions.It uses a high-precision ultraviolet imager to image the overall configuration of the aurora and monitor changes in the source of solar wind in real time,using in situ detection instruments to improve human understanding of the relationship between solar activity and changes in the Earth’s magnetic field.The SMILE satellite is scheduled to launch in 2025.The European Incoherent Scatter Sciences Association(EISCAT)-3D radar is a new generation of European incoherent scatter radar constructed by EISCAT and is the most advanced ground-based ionospheric experimental device in the high-latitude polar region.It has multibeam and multidirectional quasi-real-time three-dimensional(3D)imaging capabilities,continuous monitoring and operation capabilities,and multiple-baseline interferometry capabilities.Joint detection by the SMILE satellite and the EISCAT-3D radar is of great significance for revealing the coupling process of the solar wind–magnetosphere–ionosphere.Therefore,we performed an analysis of the joint detection capability of the SMILE satellite and EISCAT-3D,analyzed the period during which the two can perform joint detection,and defined the key scientific problems that can be solved by joint detection.In addition,we developed Web-based software to search for and visualize the joint detection period of the SMILE satellite and EISCAT-3D radar,which lays the foundation for subsequent joint detection experiments and scientific research.

不同营养液EC值对叶用莴苣生长及营养品质的影响

为明确营养液EC值对不同叶用莴苣品种生长和营养品质的影响,本研究采用单因素试验设计,设置3个不同营养液EC值(1.6、2.0、2.4 mS/cm),培养2种叶用莴苣,并测定其植株的农艺性状、光合指标及营养品质。结果表明:不同叶用莴苣品种对营养液EC值相应不同,当营养液EC值为1.6 mS/cm时,有利于紫霞品种的生长,表现为冠幅较大、最大叶宽较宽、光合指标较高、干物质及维生素C含量较高;当营养液EC值为2.0 mS/cm时,则有利于玛丽娜品种的生长,但营养指标较低。说明,不同叶用莴苣品种的农艺性状、光合指标及营养品质对营养液EC值反应差异较大。在叶用莴苣种植过程中,应根据叶用莴苣品种、生育期等适当调节营养液EC值,避免盲目提高营养液EC值,造成不必要的浪费。

Open banking and inclusive finance in the European Union:perspectives from the Dutch stakeholder ecosystem

In the European Union(EU),the revised Payment Services Directive(PSD2)aims to provide more convenient and customized financial products through open banking(OB)platforms.However,little attention has been paid to the role of OB in improving the financial well-being of the growing number of the EU’s underserved groups,which currently constitute approximately a quarter of its population.This study examines how the PSD2 and OB impact inclusive finance in the EU based on the perspectives of the Netherlands’ecosystem,one of the leaders in the EU’s financial technology(FinTech)landscape.A fundamental distinction can be drawn between the OB users and the ecosystem’s players.Regarding the impact of financial services on the users’inclusivity,while the PSD2 strengthens the infrastructure necessary for financial inclusion,many challenges remain,mainly because it was not designed for this purpose.This study identifies several areas of improvement that include adjustments to the know your customer and anti-money laundering processes for underserved customers,innovative ways to communicate the PSD2’s potential,and the regulation of technology providers’activities to build trust.Meanwhile,from the ecosystem’s position,there is a need to strengthen and improve microfinance regulation according to the opportunities provided by the PSD2 to support microfinance institutions(MFIs)in scaling up and reaching underserved clients across borders with innovative services.OB improvements can also be achieved by organizations formed by MFIs and FinTechs in collaboration with banks.Such hybrid institutions will combine the best features of each of them:knowledge of the needs of local underserved clients from MFIs,technological innovations from FinTechs,and large and trusted customer bases,infrastructures,and access to institutional investments and governments from banks.Finally,an EU inclusive OB sector depends on the centrality of trusted regulators as coordination bodies.The PSD2 requires adjustments for underserved populations’specific needs.OB improvements can be achieved by organizations formed by MFIs and Fin-Techs in collaboration with banks.Regulated technical service providers(TSPs)are crucial to building trust and customer adoption in OB.The European Banking Authority(EBA)may function as coordination body to design inclusive rules by engaging with OB stakeholders.As inclusive finance moves into open-finance and data eras,an increasing regulatory complexity and scope will require networks of innovative and trusted regulators.

EC细网格10 m风场产品在青岛港区的预报检验和随机森林订正

利用2021年3月—2022年2月EC细网格10 m风场预报产品,对其在青岛港区的风场预报能力进行检验和订正。结果表明:对于大港码头、董家口港自动站和董家口港浮标站,EC细网格前48 h的10 m风速预报偏差离散程度相对较小,预报偏差中位数均大于0,表明模式风速预报较实况有系统性偏强的特征。EC细网格24 h预报的10 m风速与实况风速相关性较好,3个站点的相关系数分别为0.76、0.73、0.82。EC细网格对大港码头各风向的风速预报均偏大,在实况风向为东北风和偏东风时,EC细网格风速预报的均方根误差和平均误差最大;对于董家口港自动站和董家口港浮标站,不同风向下EC细网格的风速预报均方根误差差别不大。EC细网格对3个站点的风向预报偏差主要集中在-45°~45°,实况风速越小,风向的预报偏差离散程度越大。利用随机森林算法对青岛港区EC细网格预报风速进行订正,预报精度均得到提高。

Credit Card Fraud Detection on Original European Credit Card Holder Dataset Using Ensemble Machine Learning Technique

The proliferation of digital payment methods facilitated by various online platforms and applications has led to a surge in financial fraud,particularly in credit card transactions.Advanced technologies such as machine learning have been widely employed to enhance the early detection and prevention of losses arising frompotentially fraudulent activities.However,a prevalent approach in existing literature involves the use of extensive data sampling and feature selection algorithms as a precursor to subsequent investigations.While sampling techniques can significantly reduce computational time,the resulting dataset relies on generated data and the accuracy of the pre-processing machine learning models employed.Such datasets often lack true representativeness of realworld data,potentially introducing secondary issues that affect the precision of the results.For instance,undersampling may result in the loss of critical information,while over-sampling can lead to overfitting machine learning models.In this paper,we proposed a classification study of credit card fraud using fundamental machine learning models without the application of any sampling techniques on all the features present in the original dataset.The results indicate that Support Vector Machine(SVM)consistently achieves classification performance exceeding 90%across various evaluation metrics.This discovery serves as a valuable reference for future research,encouraging comparative studies on original dataset without the reliance on sampling techniques.Furthermore,we explore hybrid machine learning techniques,such as ensemble learning constructed based on SVM,K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN)and decision tree,highlighting their potential advancements in the field.The study demonstrates that the proposed machine learning models yield promising results,suggesting that pre-processing the dataset with sampling algorithm or additional machine learning technique may not always be necessary.This research contributes to the field of credit card fraud detection by emphasizing the potential of employing machine learning models directly on original datasets,thereby simplifying the workflow and potentially improving the accuracy and efficiency of fraud detection systems.

External validation of the Moroccan Arabic version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer colorectal(CR29)module:Monocentric study

BACKGROUND Quality of life(QoL)outcomes are a focal endpoint of cancer treatment strategies.AIM To externally validate the Moroccan Arabic version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC)QoL Questionnaire(QLQ)for colorectal cancer(CRC)patients(CR29).METHODS Both Moroccan Arabic modules of QLQ-CR29 and QLQ-C30 were administered to Moroccan CRC.Psychometric properties were retested by measuring Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for reliability and Intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)to examine test-retest reproducibility.The multitrait-scaling analysis was performed to demonstrate the validity of the instrument and known-groups comparison was used to test the score’s ability to discriminate between different groups of patients.RESULTS In total,221 patients were included in our study and 34 patients completed the questionnaire twice.The Urinary Frequency scale and Stool Frequency scale had good internal consistency with alpha Cronbach coefficients of 0.79 and 0.83 respectively,while the same coefficients were moderately lower for the Blood and Mucus in Stool scale(0.61)and the Body Image scale(0.67).The ICCs ranged from 0.88 to 1 indicating good to excellent reproducibility.In multitrait scaling analyses,the criterion for item convergent and divergent validity was satisfactory.The known-group comparison showed statistically significant differences between patients according to age,gender,stoma status,tumor location,and radiotherapy.CONCLUSION The Moroccan Arabic version of the EORTC QLQ-CR29 is a valid and reliable tool that can be used safely for research and clinical purposes in Moroccan CRC patients.

基于儿童安全座椅的德国ADAC测试与ECE R129法规差异性研究

本文解析了德国ADAC测试与ECER129法规的主要差异,梳理了德国ADAC测试方法及评分规则,结合ECER129法规内容介绍了德国ADAC测试的主要项目,并进行了德国ADAC碰撞测试比对,期望帮助我国儿童安全座椅企业在产品设计时结合法规差异性,以在满足ECE R129法规的基础上取得更好的ADAC测试评分。

西黄丸联合免疫及EC化疗一线治疗广泛期小细胞肺癌的临床效果及安全性

目的探讨西黄丸联合免疫及EC化疗一线治疗广泛期小细胞肺癌的临床效果及安全性。方法选取2021年8月至2023年2月江西省胸科医院收治的126例广泛期小细胞肺癌患者作为研究对象,按照随机信封法分为研究组和对照组,每组63例。对照组患者采用免疫及EC化疗,研究组在对照组的基础上联用西黄丸,比较两组患者的临床疗效、血钠浓度、胃泌素释放肽前体(proGRP)、肿瘤标志物、生存质量、不良反应发生情况。结果研究组治疗客观缓解率(ORR)高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗结束后7 d,两组患者肿瘤卡氏评分(KPS)高于本组治疗前,且研究组KPS评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组无进展生存期(PFS)高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗结束后7 d,两组患者血钠浓度高于本组治疗前,proGRP、癌胚抗原(CEA)、神经元烯醇化酶(NSE)和糖类抗原125(CA125)水平低于本组治疗前,且研究组血钠浓度高于对照组,proGRP、CEA、NSE和CA125水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组不良反应总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论西黄丸联合免疫及EC化疗方案治疗广泛期小细胞肺癌有效率高,能够延缓肿瘤进展,降低肿瘤标志物表达水平,改善生存质量,治疗安全性和实用性较高。

车辆电磁兼容性标准:GB 34660与ECE R10差异分析研究

随着车辆电动化、智能化与网联化的快速发展,确保电磁兼容性对车辆安全性和功能性至关重要。本文对国家标准GB 34660-2017与欧洲经济委员会的ECE R10规定进行了详尽的比较分析,重点讨论了两者在技术内容、适用性及对国际车辆标准合规性的影响。本文主要探讨了GB 34660-2017与ECE R10的一致性,特别是从ECE R10的第3版修订到最新的第7版草案的变化。研究结果表明,两种标准在技术内容和试验要求方面存在显著差异,凸显了中国制造商进入或在欧洲市场竞争所面临的挑战。本文建议了可能的标准修订领域,并强调了使GB 34660更紧密地与国际规范对齐以增强中国汽车产品的全球竞争力的重要性。