Comparative Study on the Immunogenicity and Efficacy of Different Post-exposure Intramuscular Rabies Vaccination Regimens in China

Objective This study aimed to compare the current Essen rabies post-exposure immunization schedule(0-3-7-14-28)in China and the simple 4-dose schedule(0-3-7-14)newly recommended by the World Health Organization in terms of their safety,efficacy,and protection.Methods Mice were vaccinated according to different immunization schedules,and blood was collected for detection of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies(RVNAs)on days 14,21,28,35,and 120after the first immunization.Additionally,different groups of mice were injected with lethal doses of the CVS-11 virus on day 0,subjected to different rabies immunization schedules,and assessed for morbidity and death status.In a clinical trial,185 rabies-exposed individuals were selected for post-exposure vaccination according to the Essen schedule,and blood was collected for RVNAs detection on days 28and 42 after the first immunization.Results A statistically significant difference in RVNAs between mice in the Essen and 0-3-7-14 schedule groups was observed on the 35th day(P<0.05).The groups 0-3-7-14,0-3-7-21,and 0-3-7-28 showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in RVNAs levels at any time point.The post-exposure immune protective test showed that the survival rate of mice in the control group was 20%,whereas that in the immunization groups was 40%.In the clinical trial,the RVNAs positive conversion rates on days 28(14 days after 4 doses)and 42(14 days after 5 doses)were both 100%,and no significant difference in RVNAs levels was observed(P>0.05).Conclusion The simple 4-dose schedule can produce sufficient RVNAs levels,with no significant effect of a delayed fourth vaccine dose(14–28 d)on the immunization potential.

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation conditioning regimens and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in various diseases

Conditioning regimens employed in autologous stem cell transplantation have been proven useful in various hematological disorders and underlying malignancies;however,despite being efficacious in various instances,negative consequences have also been recorded.Multiple conditioning regimens were extracted from various literature searches from databases like PubMed,Google scholar,EMBASE,and Cochrane.Conditioning regimens for each disease were compared by using various end points such as overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS),and leukemia free survival(LFS).Variables were presented on graphs and analyzed to conclude a more efficacious conditioning regimen.In multiple myeloma,the most effective regimen was high dose melphalan(MEL)given at a dose of 200/mg/m2.The comparative results of acute myeloid leukemia were presented and the regimens that proved to be at an admirable position were busulfan(BU)+MEL regarding OS and BU+VP16 regarding LFS.In case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),BU,fludarabine,and etoposide(BuFluVP)conferred good disease control not only with a paramount improvement in survival rate but also low risk of recurrence.However,for ALL,chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cell therapy was preferred in the context of better OS and LFS.With respect to Hodgkin’s lymphoma,mitoxantrone(MITO)/MEL overtook carmustine,VP16,cytarabine,and MEL in view of PFS and vice versa regarding OS.Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients were administered MITO(60 mg/m2)and MEL(180 mg/m2)which showed promising results.Lastly,amyloidosis was considered,and the regimen that proved to be competent was MEL 200(200 mg/m2).This review article demonstrates a comparison between various conditioning regimens employed in different diseases.

EC-wP、EC-T和TEC新辅助化疗方案治疗乳腺癌的疗效比较

目的探讨表柔比星+环磷酰胺序贯紫杉醇(EC-wP)方案、表柔比星+环磷酰胺序贯多西他赛(EC-T)方案及多西他赛+表柔比星+环磷酰胺(TEC)方案治疗乳腺癌的疗效。方法将90例乳腺癌患者根据化疗方案不同分为EC-wP组、EC-T组、TEC组,每组30例。比较3组患者的治疗总有效率、预后、血清肿瘤标志物[癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原125(CA125)、糖类抗原153(CA153)、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP9)]水平及不良反应发生情况。结果3组患者的治疗总有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。EC-wP组患者3年无病生存率和总生存率均高于EC-T组和TEC组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。化疗后,3组患者各血清肿瘤标志物水平均较化疗前降低,EC-wP组和EC-T组患者各血清肿瘤标志物水平均低于TEC组,EC-wP组患者各血清肿瘤标志物水平均低于EC-T组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。EC-wP组和EC-T组患者中性粒细胞减少发生率均低于TEC组,EC-wP组患者中性粒细胞减少发生率低于EC-T组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论EC-wP、EC-T、TEC化疗方案在乳腺癌治疗中均具有良好的效果,但相较于EC-T、TEC化疗方案,EC-wP化疗方案的安全性较高,治疗效果较为显著,治疗后可有效抑制肿瘤的生长。

Long-term outcomes of anti-VEGF treatment with 5+PRN regimen for macular edema due to central retinal vein occlusion

AIM:To assess the long-term outcomes of treating macular edema(ME)associated with central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)with a regimen of“5+pro re nata(PRN)”.METHODS:This retrospective study included 27 eyes of 27 patients with ME associated with non-ischemic CRVO(non-iCRVO group,n=15)and ischemic CRVO(iCRVO group,n=12).The eyes were treated with five consecutive intravitreal injections of conbercept or ranibizumab,followed by reinjections as needed or PRN.Retinal laser photocoagulation or intravitreal dexamethasone implants(DEX)were implemented in both groups when necessary.The best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA,logMAR)and central retinal thickness(CRT)were recorded at baseline,at 1,2,3,4,5,6,and 12mo,and at the final visit.The efficacy rates of BCVA and CRT before and after treatment were calculated.The number of injections at each visit and the incidence of adverse events were also recorded.RESULTS:The patients,aged 59.4±15.1y,were followed up for 24.7±8.8mo(range:15-42mo).After treatment,BCVA improved significantly from 1.04±0.56 logMAR at baseline to 0.59±0.36 logMAR(P=0.038)at the final visit in all patients.Both the non-iCRVO and the iCRVO groups achieved improved BCVA compared to the baseline at all visit points,but there was no statistical significance(P=0.197 and 0.33,respectively).The mean CRT was statistically reduced compared to baseline at all visit points in all the eyes and in both groups(all P<0.001).The apparent effective rate was 22.22% for BCVA and 37.04% for CRT after the first injection,48.15%for BCVA and 62.96% for CRT after 5 consecutive injections,and 74.08% for BCVA and 100% for CRT at the end of follow up.The average number of injections in all patients was 9.0±2.4 at 12mo and 14.9±8.1 finally with no statistical significance between both groups(P>0.05).Laser treatment was applied to all eyes in the iCRVO group,while only 5 patients in the noniCRVO group.Six patients in the non-iCRVO group and 3 patients in the iCRVO group had a drug switch.DEX was applied to 4 eyes in the non-iCRVO group and 5 eyes in the iCRVO group.CONCLUSION:The 5+PRN anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)regimen is found to be safe and effective for both iCRVO and non-iCRVO,especially in the iCRVO group.The best regimen for such patients needs to be further investigated.Adjuvant laser therapy and DEX are necessary in some cases.

Treatment outcomes and adverse drug reactions among patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis receiving all-oral,long-term regimens:First record viewing report from Pakistan

Objective:To assess the effectiveness and adverse drug reactions of all-oral regimens for patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.Methods:This retrospective study was conducted at 10 Programmatic Management of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis sites in Punjab province of Pakistan.Patients receiving treatment for drug resistant tuberculosis from July 2019 to December 2020 with at least interim result i.e.6th month culture conversion or final outcomes(cured,complete,lost to follow-up,failure,death)available,were included in the study.Data was extracted from electronic data management system.For the reporting and management of adverse drug events,active tuberculosis drug safety monitoring and management was implemented across all sites.All the data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.Results:Out of 947 drug resistant tuberculosis patients included in this study,579(68%)of the patients had final outcomes available.Of these,384(67.9%)successfully completed their treatment.Out of 368(32%)patients who had their interim results available,all had their 6th month culture negative.Combining new medications was thought to result in serious adverse outcomes such as QT prolongation.However,this study did not record any severe adverse events among patients.Conclusions:All-oral regimens formulation guided by overall treatment effectiveness resulted in treatment outcomes comparable to those obtained with traditional injectable treatment.

Early efficacy of individual regimens containing bedaquiline in patients with drug resistant tuberculosis

Objective:To evaluate early efficacy of sputum conversion within 6 months of individual regimens containing bedaquiline in patients with drug resistant tuberculosis.Methods:We conducted a retrospective study among patients with drug resistant tuberculosis who were receiving individual regimens containing bedaquiline.The primary outcome was sputum conversion of both smear and culture within 6 months of treatment.We used medical records of drug resistant tuberculosis patients from January 2020 to December 2021.The study was conducted at Dr.Soetomo Hospital,Indonesia from August to October 2022.Results:In this study,44 eligible drug resistant tuberculosis patients were initiated on regimens containing bedaquiline.There were 52.3%males and the median age was 45.5 years.The rates of previous treatment(70.5%)and lung cavity(36.4%)were high.The most common companion drugs included clofazimine,cycloserine,levofloxacin,and linezolid.Sputum smear and culture conversion was seen in 79.4%and 82.1%at the 2nd month,respectively.More than 97%patients had smear and culture conversion at the end of 6 months.Conclusions:Among drug resistant tuberculosis patients,individual regimens containing bedaquiline were associated with high rates of smear and culture conversion at the end of 6 months.Early efficacy of regimens containing bedaquiline can be used to predict cure rate at the end of treatment.

Adjusting phosphate feeding regimen according to daily rhythm increases eggshell quality via enhancing medullary bone remodeling in laying hens

Background Body phosphorus metabolism exhibits a circadian rhythm over the 24-h daily cycle.The egg laying behavior makes laying hens a very special model for investigating phosphorus circadian rhythms.There is lack of information about the impact of adjusting phosphate feeding regimen according to daily rhythm on the phosphorus homeostasis and bone remodeling of laying hens.Methods and results Two experiments were conducted.In Exp.1,Hy-Line Brown laying hens(n=45)were sampled according the oviposition cycle(at 0,6,12,and 18 h post-oviposition,and at the next oviposition,respectively;n=9 at each time point).Diurnal rhythms of body calcium/phosphorus ingestions and excretions,serum calcium/phosphorus levels,oviduct uterus calcium transporter expressions,and medullary bone(MB)remodeling were illustrated.In Exp.2,two diets with different phosphorus levels(0.32%and 0.14%non-phytate phosphorus(NPP),respectively)were alternately presented to the laying hens.Briefly,four phosphorus feeding regimens in total(each included 6 replicates of 5 hens):(1)fed 0.32%NPP at both 09:00 and 17:00;(2)fed 0.32%NPP at 09:00 and 0.14%NPP at 17:00;(3)fed 0.14%NPP at 09:00 and 0.32%NPP at 17:00;(4)fed 0.14%NPP at both 09:00 and 17:00.As a result,the regimen fed 0.14%NPP at 09:00 and 0.32%NPP at 17:00,which was designed to strengthen intrinsic phosphate circadian rhythms according to the findings in Exp.1,enhanced(P<0.05)MB remodeling(indicated by histological images,serum markers and bone mineralization gene expressions),elevated(P<0.05)oviduct uterus calcium transportation(indicated by transient receptor potential vanilloid 6 protein expression),and subsequently increased(P<0.05)eggshell thickness,eggshell strength,egg specific gravity and eggshell index in laying hens.Conclusions These results underscore the importance of manipulating the sequence of daily phosphorus ingestion,instead of simply controlling dietary phosphate concentrations,in modifying the bone remodeling process.Body phosphorus rhythms will need to be maintained during the daily eggshell calcification cycle.

Chemotherapy-free radiotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors:a new regimen for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer?

Maintenance immunotherapy after concurrent chemoradiotherapy remains the standard therapeutic approach in patients with unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer(LA-NSCLC).The efficacy of pembrolizumab without chemotherapy in stage IV NSCLC has incited interest in similar approaches for LA-NSCLC.Several recent investigations involving the synergistic potential of immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy(i RT)have generated encouraging results.This review discusses the existing studies and prospective directions of chemotherapy-free i RT strategies in unresectable LA-NSCLC.Although the initial findings of chemotherapy-free i RT strategies have shown promising efficacy,we must consider the methodologic limitations of current studies and the myriad of challenges that accompany the implementation of chemotherapy-free i RT.These challenges include determining the optimal dose and fractionation,precise target volume delineation,and identification of additional suitable patient cohorts.Furthermore,the feasibility of chemotherapy-free i RT as a novel treatment modality for select patients with LA-NSCLC is contingent upon validation through randomized phase III trials.

含多西环素和左氧氟沙星的四联补救方案治疗幽门螺杆菌初次根除失败患者的临床效果研究

目的探究含多西环素、左氧氟沙星的四联补救方案治疗幽门螺杆菌(Hp)初次根除失败患者的临床效果。方法选择广西壮族自治区玉林市第一人民医院自2021年1月至2023年2月收治的166例Hp初次根除失败患者进行临床研究,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各83例。对照组患者采用含左氧氟沙星的四联补救方案治疗,观察组患者采用含多西环素、左氧氟沙星的四联补救方案治疗,2组均连续治疗14 d。比较2组患者治疗总有效率、Hp根除率、上腹部胀痛、腹痛、嗳气、反酸等临床症状积分、血清炎症因子水平、免疫功能指标、治疗成本效益及不良反应发生率。结果观察组治疗后总有效率及Hp根除率均高于对照组[98.8%(82/83)比81.9%(68/83)、97.6%(81/83)比80.7%(67/83)],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组上腹部胀痛、腹痛、嗳气、反酸临床症状积分,血清炎症因子C反应蛋白、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素6及白细胞介素8水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组CD_(4)^(+)、CD_(4)^(+)/CD_(8)^(+)比值高于对照组,CD_(8)^(+)水平低于对照组(均P<0.05)。观察组治疗成本效益优于对照组(P<0.05)。2组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.915)。结论含多西环素、左氧氟沙星的四联补救方案治疗Hp初次根除失败患者的临床效果显著,能快速缓解患者躯体不适症状和炎症反应,提高其免疫力及Hp根除率,且药物安全性高,治疗成本效益更优。

贝达喹啉联合背景方案治疗耐药肺结核的疗效

目的:探讨贝达喹啉联合背景方案治疗耐药肺结核的疗效。方法:回顾性选择2022年1月至2023年1月广东省广州市胸科医院收治的159例耐药肺结核患者,按随机对照原则分组。对照组(80例)接受常规背景方案治疗,研究组(79例)在其基础上联合贝达喹啉治疗。于6个月后评估两组病灶吸收率、痰菌转阴率及空洞闭合率,对比两组治疗前后血清肝功能指标、心电图QTc变化,统计两组不良反应发生率。结果:研究组病灶吸收率、痰菌转阴率及空洞闭合率均较对照组高(P<0.05)。两组治疗后丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平升高(P<0.05);研究组治疗后ALT、AST水平与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组治疗后QTcF值升高,心率降低(P<0.05)。且研究组治疗后QTcF值比对照组高,心率比对照组低(P<0.05)。两组转氨酶升高、白细胞减少及胃肠道反应发生率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组QT间期延长发生率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:贝达喹啉联合背景方案治疗耐药肺结核的疗效较佳,未引起肝功能指标异常,但QT间期延长发生率较高。

以药动学/药效学模型为基础的多种比阿培南 给药方案对于重症感染性疾病的抗菌效果

目的以药动学/药效学(PK/PD)模型为基础,采用蒙特卡洛模拟,针对重症感染患者的个体差异,设计比阿培南个性化用药方案以改善临床效果。方法收集重症患者比阿培南药动学参数,以常见致病菌大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌为目标菌株,引用中国细菌耐药监测研究报告中比阿培南对常见细菌最低抑菌浓度(MIC)值分布,通过调整给药剂量、给药间隔、滴注时间等方法制订不同给药方案,应用蒙特卡洛模拟计算各目标菌株不同给药方案的药效学获得概率(PTA)和累积反应分数(CFR),评估各给药方案治疗重症感染的抗菌效果。结果当MIC<0.125 mg/L时,比阿培南对5种目标菌株所有给药方案PTA值均>90%;当MIC≥4 mg/L时,所有给药方案PTA值均<90%;比阿培南对大肠埃希杆菌所有治疗方案CFR值均>90%,对鲍曼不动杆菌CFR值均<30%。结论比阿培南对大肠埃希菌的治疗可采用传统给药方案;对肺炎克雷伯菌的治疗可选择600 mg q6 h延时滴注3 h为最佳治疗方案,或根据MIC值优化给药方案;对于鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌及金黄色葡萄球菌,应考虑换用或联用其他抗菌药物以达到疗效。

地西他滨联合预激方案治疗首程标准诱导化疗未缓解初诊AML患者的效果观察

目的:探讨地西他滨联合预激方案治疗首程标准诱导化疗未缓解初诊急性髓系白血病(AML)患者的疗效及对调节性T淋巴细胞(Treg)相对含量的影响。方法:收集2013年3月-2019年3月陕西省人民医院收治的102例初诊经首程标准诱导化疗未缓解的AML患者(除急性早幼粒细胞白血病)的临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据治疗方案不同对患者进行分组,51例采用预激方案治疗为常规组,51例采用地西他滨联合预激方案治疗为联合组。比较两组疗效、毒副反应发生率、治疗前后生活质量核心量表(QLQ-C30)评分、T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、Treg)及3年总生存率。结果:联合组治疗总有效率为80.39%,显著高于常规组的62.75%(P<0.05);治疗后联合组QLQ-C30评分为60.27±6.96,较常规组65.73±7.96低(P<0.001);两组毒副反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后联合组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平较常规组高(均P<0.001),而Treg水平较常规组低(P<0.001);联合组3年总生存率为72.55%,高于常规组的52.94%(P<0.001)。结论:地西他滨联合预激方案治疗初诊首程标准诱导化疗未缓解AML患者效果显著,可通过调节Treg相对含量减少抗肿瘤免疫抑制,增强机体免疫功能,从而延长患者生存时间,提高生存质量,且未增加不良反应。

国产两性霉素B脂质体不同加量方案在艾滋病合并马尔尼菲篮状菌感染患者中的安全性

目的探索国产两性霉素B脂质体临床应用中不同加量方案的安全性、常见不良反应及其影响因素。方法收集2017年1月—2022年12月我院收治的使用国产两性霉素B脂质体的艾滋病合并马尔尼菲篮状菌感染的病例,收集患者的基本资料、对比两性霉素B脂质体不同加量方案对血常规、肝肾功能及低钾血症的影响,统计发生的药品不良反应并使用多重线性回归法对用药后钾离子浓度的影响因素进行分析。结果共纳入50例患者,快速加量法(n=23,≤4d)与慢速加量法(n=27,>4d)对血常规、肝肾功能及钾离子浓度的影响均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。低钾血症(76.0%)是两性霉素B脂质体最常见不良反应,多重线性回归分析显示用药前钾离子浓度(P=0.008)是用药后钾离子浓度的重要影响因素。结论国产两性霉素B脂质体可安全使用快速加量法以尽快达到治疗剂量,该药临床应用中最常见不良反应为低钾血症,用药前钾离子浓度是用药后钾离子浓度的重要影响因素。

超前镇痛方案对跟骨关节内骨折患者OPG/RANKL信号通路因子表达的影响

目的 探讨跟骨关节内骨折患者采用超前镇痛方案对骨保护素(OPG)/核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)信号通路因子表达的影响。方法 回顾性选取2017年2月至2022年2月大庆油田总医院收治的跟骨关节内骨折患者100例,依据镇痛方案不同分为对照组和观察组,每组各50例。对照组患者接受常规性静脉自控镇痛方案,观察组患者接受地佐辛超前镇痛联合常规性静脉自控镇痛方案。统计分析两组围手术期指标(术中出血量、手术时间、术后引流量、术后引流时间、住院时间),麻醉前、手术前、手术后即刻的血流动力学(平均动脉压、心率),手术前、手术后1 d的应激反应[C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)],手术后即刻,手术后6 h、12 h、1 d的镇静[Ramsay镇静评分(RSS)、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分]和镇痛效果,以及手术后1 d、手术后1周的血清OPG、RANKL含量和术后并发症发生情况。结果 两组患者的术中出血量、手术时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者的术后引流量为(59.86±2.54) mL,少于对照组[(110.97±9.41) mL],术后引流时间、住院时间分别为(123.23±9.82) h、(5.61±0.45) d,均短于对照组[(178.22±9.32) h、(8.01±0.31) d],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。麻醉前、手术前、手术后即刻,两组患者的平均动脉压、心率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。手术后1 d,两组患者的血清CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、PGE2水平均明显高于手术前,观察组患者的血清CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、PGE2水平分别为(5.11±1.47) mg/L、(43.15±7.51)μg/L、(32.52±5.31) ng/L、(138.11±12.68) pg/mL,均明显低于对照组[(21.42±3.44) mg/L、(87.60±13.56)μg/L、(75.77±21.35) ng/L、(144.60±15.20) pg/mL],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与手术后即刻比较,两组患者手术后6、12、24 h的RSS评分、VAS评分均逐渐降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);手术后6、12、24 h,两组患者的RSS评分、VAS评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。手术后1周,两组患者的血清OPG、RANKL含量均高于手术后1 d,且观察组患者的血清OPG、RANKL含量分别为(188.86±21.47)、(108.37±10.43) pg/mL,均高于对照组[(177.75±19.23)、(98.76±8.26) pg/mL],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的术后并发症发生率为8.00%,明显低于对照组(32.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 超前镇痛方案能够促进跟骨关节内骨折患者OPG/RANKL信号通路因子表达及患者术后康复,提高镇痛效果,减少术后并发症的发生。

世界卫生组织对BPaLM方案治疗耐多药结核病指南的解读

耐多药结核病仍是人类健康的重大危险因素,近期世界卫生组织推荐贝达喹啉(bedaquiline,Bdq)、普托马尼(pretomanid,Pa)、利奈唑胺(linezolid,Lzd)和莫西沙星(moxifloxacin,Mfx)的6个月方案(BPaLM)治疗耐多药结核病。新指南中短程方案适用人群扩大到耐多药结核病患者,而且适用于病变广泛的肺结核和大多数肺外结核,无疑是耐多药结核病治疗的重要事件。本文就BPaLM方案的研究历程、适用人群和注意事项作一简要介绍。

重组人血管内皮抑制素注射液联合GP化疗方案治疗晚期NSCLC的可行性

目的观察重组人血管内皮抑制素注射液联合GP化疗方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的可行性。方法回顾性选取2020年5月—2022年12月皖北煤电集团总医院肿瘤内科收治的晚期NSCLC患者80例,将采用GP化疗方案治疗者纳入GP化疗组(n=40),重组人血管内皮抑制素注射液联合GP化疗方案治疗者纳入联合用药组(n=40),2组均以3周为1个治疗周期,共治疗2个周期。比较2组患者近期疗效,用药前后实验室指标、生活质量评分,不良反应及1年存活率。结果联合用药组客观缓解率为85.00%,高于GP化疗组的52.50%(χ^(2)=9.833,P=0.002)。用药2个周期后,2组血清癌胚抗原、糖类抗原125水平低于用药前,凝血酶时间、活化部分凝血活酶时间短于用药前,凝血酶原时间长于用药前,血浆纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体水平高于用药前,且联合用药组各指标优于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);2组生理功能、躯体功能、精神状态、社会关系评分高于用药前,且联合用药组高于GP化疗组(P<0.01)。联合用药组与GP化疗组不良反应总发生率分别为22.50%、15.00%,组间比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.738,P=0.390)。联合用药组1年存活率为65.00%,高于GP化疗组的42.50%(χ^(2)=4.073,P=0.044)。结论晚期NSCLC治疗中采用重组人血管内皮抑制素注射液联合化疗药物的可行性较高,可有效降低肿瘤标志物水平,延缓病情进展,提高患者生活质量及1年存活率,且具有一定安全性。

拮抗剂方案联合生长激素注射对卵巢低反应患者妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨研究拮抗剂方案联合生长激素(Growth Hormone,GH)注射对卵巢低反应(Ovarian Hypore⁃sponsiveness,POR)患者妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性选取2020年3月-2023年7月徐州市妇幼保健院进行体外受精-胚胎移植(In Vitro Fertilization-embryo transfer,IVF-ET)治疗并采用拮抗剂方案的80例POR患者的临床资料,根据是否应用GH进行分组,联合GH注射治疗的纳入观察组,单一使用拮抗剂方案的纳入对照组,每组40例。比较两组患者妊娠情况,包括获卵数、第3天可移植胚胎率、囊胚形成率、临床妊娠率、种植率、MⅡ卵率、正常受精率、第3天优质胚胎率和优质囊胚率。结果治疗后,两组MⅡ卵率、正常受精率、第3天优质胚胎率、优质囊胚率比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。观察组获卵数为(10.78±4.02)个,高于对照组的(7.36±2.15)个,差异有统计学意义(t=4.745,P<0.05)。观察组在第3天可移植胚胎率、囊胚形成率、临床妊娠率、种植率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论拮抗剂方案联合GH注射可改善POR患者妊娠结局,提高患者生育成功率。

贝伐珠单抗联合TP化疗方案治疗晚期NSCLC的疗效

目的观察贝伐珠单抗联合TP化疗方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的临床疗效。方法回顾性选取2020年1月-2022年12月滨州市中心医院收治的晚期NSCLC患者60例,依据用药方法不同分为TP化疗组(n=30)、联合化疗组(n=30)。TP化疗组患者采用TP化疗方案治疗,联合化疗组患者在TP化疗组基础上给予贝伐珠单抗注射液治疗,2组均以3周为1个周期,共治疗4个周期。比较2组近期疗效,化疗前后肿瘤标志物(癌胚抗原、糖类抗原125、细胞角蛋白19片段抗原21-1、神经元特异性烯醇化酶)、血管生成促进因子[碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)]、免疫指标(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、生活质量评定量表(QOL)评分,不良反应,中位生存期,无进展生存期。结果联合化疗组疾病控制率为96.67%,高于TP化疗组的73.33%(χ^(2)=4.706,P=0.030)。化疗4个周期后,2组癌胚抗原、糖类抗原125、细胞角蛋白19片段抗原21-1、神经元特异性烯醇化酶、bFGF、VEGF水平低于化疗前,且联合化疗组低于TP化疗组(P<0.05或P<0.01);2组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)高于化疗前,CD8^(+)低于化疗前,且联合化疗组高/低于TP化疗组(P<0.01);2组VAS评分低于化疗前,QOL评分高于化疗前,且联合化疗组低/高于TP化疗组(P<0.01)。TP化疗组与联合化疗组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。联合化疗组中位生存期、无进展生存期长于TP化疗组(P<0.01)。结论贝伐珠单抗与TP化疗方案联合应用于晚期NSCLC的治疗,效果显著,能有效降低患者的肿瘤标志物水平,提高免疫功能,抑制肿瘤进展,并提升生活质量,可延长患者的生存期,且不会增加不良反应。

达格列净结合标准抗心衰及降糖方案治疗老年慢性心力衰竭合并T2DM及高尿酸血症的临床分析

目的探究对老年慢性心力衰竭合并2型糖尿病(Diabetes Mellitus Type 2,T2DM)及高尿酸血症患者采用达格列净和标准抗心衰及降糖方案结合治疗后效果。方法随机选取2021年6月—2022年6月广州市花都区人民医院收治的心力衰竭合并T2DM及高尿酸血症患者120例为研究对象,采用随机数表法分成对照组(60例)、观察组(60例)。对照组采取标准抗心衰及降糖方案,观察组在对照组基础上采取达格列净,对比临床效果。结果观察组氨基末端脑钠肽前体(N Terminal Pro B Type Natriuretic Peptide,NT-proBNP)为(519.36±107.52)ng/L、血尿酸为(346.17±42.15)μmol/L低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.020、4.245,P<0.05)。观察组血脂改善更好,左室舒张末容积、左室收缩末容积、舒张早期二尖瓣血流速度/二尖瓣环运动速度(the Ratio of Early Diastolic Transmitral Flow Velocity to Mitral Annular Velocity,E/e’)低于对照组,左室射血分数高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组主要终点事件、次要终点事件、痛风发作率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组药物不良反应率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论针对老年慢性心力衰竭合并T2DM及高尿酸血症患者,采用达格列净联合标准抗心衰及降糖方案,能改善血脂、心功能等指标水平,预后效果以及安全性较高。

雷替曲塞联合伊立替康二线治疗晚期结直肠癌疗效与安全性的Meta分析

目的:评价雷替曲塞联合伊立替康方案对比5-氟尿嘧啶+亚叶酸钙+伊立替康(FOLFIRI)方案二线治疗晚期结直肠癌的疗效及安全性。方法:计算机检索建库至2023年7月的PubMed、Embase、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、中国生物医学文献服务系统、万方数据库、维普数据库,查找雷替曲塞联合伊立替康方案对比FOLFIRI方案二线治疗晚期结直肠癌的临床随机对照试验,按纳入与排除标准筛选文献、评价文献质量、提取数据,应用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析,应用Stata 13.1 MP软件分析发表偏倚。结果:共纳入7篇文献,涉及449例患者。在客观缓解率(OR=3.06,95%CI=1.96~4.80,P<0.000 01)和疾病控制率(OR=2.19,95%CI=1.42~3.38,P=0.000 4)方面,雷替曲塞联合伊立替康组均高于FOLFIRI组,差异均有统计学意义。Ⅰ—Ⅳ级不良反应中,在中性粒细胞减少发生率(OR=0.22,95%CI=0.05~0.89,P=0.03)及黏膜炎发生率(OR=0.30,95%CI=0.17~0.54,P<0.000 1)方面,雷替曲塞联合伊立替康组均低于FOLFIRI组,而在肝功能损伤发生率(OR=2.81,95%CI=1.45~5.43,P=0.002)方面,雷替曲塞联合伊立替康组高于FOLFIRI组,上述差异均有统计学意义。在其余Ⅰ—Ⅳ级不良反应发生率及Ⅲ/Ⅳ级不良反应发生率方面,两组的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:雷替曲塞联合伊立替康方案在二线治疗晚期结直肠癌的应用中,客观缓解率、疾病控制率均优于FOLFIRI方案,不良反应方面仅肝功能异常发生率高于FOLFIRI方案,雷替曲塞联合伊立替康方案有望成为晚期结直肠癌二线治疗的理想方案。