肾平颗粒对1-磷酸鞘氨醇刺激大鼠肾小球系膜细胞增生的调节作用研究

目的:观察肾平颗粒对1-磷酸鞘氨醇(S1P)刺激大鼠肾小球系膜细胞(RBMC)增生的调节作用。方法:S1P刺激RGMC后,用MTT法观察RGMC增生情况的变化,用Real-Time PCR法观察结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)mRNA水平的变化,用Western blot法观察内皮分化基因受体3/5(endothelial differentiation gene3/5,EDG3、EDG5)、CTGF蛋白水平的变化;制备EDG3、EDG5质粒。EDG3、EDG5质粒同时转染RGMC后,观察肾平颗粒对RGMC增生及EDG3、EDG5、CTGF表达的影响。结果:(1)肾平颗粒能抑制S1P刺激引起的RGMC增生。转染EDG3和EDG5后,抑制作用明显减弱。(2)肾平颗粒能抑制S1P刺激引起的RGMC表面EDG3和EDG5蛋白水平的过表达,转染EDG3和EDG5后,肾平颗粒的抑制作用明显减弱。(3)肾平颗粒能抑制S1P刺激引起的RGMC内S1P通路下游CTGF蛋白的过表达,转染EDG3和EDG5后,肾平颗粒对CTGF蛋白和mRNA的抑制作用明显减弱。结论:肾平颗粒能通过抑制S1P刺激引起的RGMC表面的EDG3、EDG5过度表达,来实现抑制RGMC增生及S1P通路下游CTGF表达的作用。

A new approach for salt dome detection using a 3D multidirectional edge detector

Accurate salt dome detection from 3D seismic data is crucial to different seismic data analysis applications. We present a new edge based approach for salt dome detection in migrated 3D seismic data. The proposed algorithm overcomes the drawbacks of existing edge-based techniques which only consider edges in the x （crossline） and y （inline） directions in 2D data and the x （crossline）, y （inline）, and z （time） directions in 3D data. The algorithm works by combining 3D gradient maps computed along diagonal directions and those computed in x, y, and z directions to accurately detect the boundaries of salt regions. The combination of x, y, and z directions and diagonal edges ensures that the proposed algorithm works well even if the dips along the salt boundary are represented only by weak reflectors. Contrary to other edge and texture based salt dome detection techniques, the proposed algorithm is independent of the amplitude variations in seismic data. We tested the proposed algorithm on the publicly available Netherlands offshore F3 block. The results suggest that the proposed algorithm can detect salt bodies with high accuracy than existing gradient based and texture-based techniques when used separately. More importantly, the proposed approach is shown to be computationally efficient allowing for real time implementation and deployment.

Mobile Edge Communications, Computing, and Caching(MEC3) Technology in the Maritime Communication Network

With the increasing maritime activities and the rapidly developing maritime economy, the fifth-generation(5G) mobile communication system is expected to be deployed at the ocean. New technologies need to be explored to meet the requirements of ultra-reliable and low latency communications(URLLC) in the maritime communication network(MCN). Mobile edge computing(MEC) can achieve high energy efficiency in MCN at the cost of suffering from high control plane latency and low reliability. In terms of this issue, the mobile edge communications, computing, and caching(MEC3) technology is proposed to sink mobile computing, network control, and storage to the edge of the network. New methods that enable resource-efficient configurations and reduce redundant data transmissions can enable the reliable implementation of computing-intension and latency-sensitive applications. The key technologies of MEC3 to enable URLLC are analyzed and optimized in MCN. The best response-based offloading algorithm(BROA) is adopted to optimize task offloading. The simulation results show that the task latency can be decreased by 26.5’ ms, and the energy consumption in terminal users can be reduced to 66.6%.

Molybdenite as a Rhenium Carrier:First Results of a Spectroscopic Approach Using Synchrotron Radiation

The chemical and physical properties of rhenium render it a highly demanded metal for advanced applications in important industrial fields. This very scarce element occurs mainly in ores of porphyry copper-molybdenum deposits associated with the mineral molybdenite, MoS2, but it has also been found in granite pegmatites and quartz veins as well as in volcanic gases. Molybdenite is a typical polytype mineral which crystal structure is based on the stacking of [S-Mo-S] with molybdenum in prismatic coordination by sulphide anions;however, it is not yet clearly established if rhenium ions replace Mo4+ cations in a disordered way or else, if such replacement gives rise to dispersed nanodomains of a rhenium-rich phase. As a contribution to clarify this question, an X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES) study using synchrotron radiation was performed at the Re L3-edge of rhenium-containing molybdenite samples. Obtained results are described and discussed supporting the generally accepted structural perspective that rhenium is mainly carried by molybdenite through the isomorphous replacement of Mo, rather than by the formation of dispersed Re-specific nanophase(s).

3-Restricted Edge Connectivity of Vertex Transitive Graphs of Girth Three

Let G be a k-regular connected graph of order at least six. If G has girth three, its 3-restricted edge connectivity λ3(G) ≤3k-6. The equality holds when G is a cubic or 4-regular connected vertex-transitive graph with the only exception that G is a 4-regular graph with λ3(G) = 4. Furthermore, λ3(G) = 4 if and only if G contains K4 as its subgraph.

A green strategy for porous biochar fabrication with superior capacity for peroxydisulfate activation to degrade sulfadiazine:the cooperative role of C-sp^(3) and specific surface area

Metal-free porous biochars are popularly utilized as catalysts for peroxydisulfate(PDS)activation.The enhancement effect of PDS activation of porous biochars fabricated by employing both hard template and alkali metal activating agent has not been explored completely.In addition,the role of the inherent carbon defect in PDS activation has not been clearly elucidated.Hence,a series of carbonaceous catalysts were fabricated using a sole template(KCl),a sole activating agent(Na_(2)S_(2)O_(3))or a combination of template and activating agent(KCl/Na_(2)S_(2)O_(3),KCl/KHCO_(3),KCl/NaHCO_(3),and KCl/Na_(2)C_(2)O_(4)),to systematically investigate the effect of specific surface area(SSA)and intrinsic defect of porous biochar on its PDS activation ability.The biochar synthesized by KCl and Na_(2)S_(2)O_(3)(SK-C)exhibited the optimum degradation performance.The SK-C was found to possess an interconnected hollow cage with three-dimensional mesh structure showing the largest surface area,pore volume and C-sp^(3) edge defect content among all the catalysts,which explained its paramount catalytic ability.The SSA and C-sp^(3) content together can determine the catalytic performance in a quantitative relationship.The single electron transfer pathway from SDZ to inner-sphere bound SK-C/PDS*was the protagonist of pollutant oxidation.The degradation intermediates were detected and recognized and their toxicities were evaluated.This study for the first time comprehensively identified the synergistic effect between the SSA and inherent defects on improving the catalytic performance of biochar for PDS activation to removal contaminants.

Tailoring Bi_(2)Te_(3) edge with semiconductor and metal properties under electron beam irradiation

In pursuit of miniaturization in the semiconductor industry,two-dimensional(2D)materials are used to fabricate new electronic devices.The topological insulator(TI)material bismuth telluride(Bi_(2)Te_(3)),as an emerging 2D material,has potential applications in electronic and spintronic devices due to its unique electrical properties.It is well known that the surface-to-volume ratio increases as the thickness of the material decreases,resulting in a more prominent edge effect.Therefore,for a single-layer Bi_(2)Te_(3),the atomic structure of the edge plays a crucial role in its electrical properties.Here,combining first-principles calculations and in situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)experimental studies,we report that there are two types of edge structures in single-layer Bi2Te3:semiconducting flat edges and metallic zigzag edges.The dynamic evolution process of the edge structure with atomic resolution shows that the proportions of these two edges change with continuous electron beam irradiation.Our findings demonstrate the viability to use electron beam as an effective tool to precisely tailor the edge of Bi_(2)Te_(3) with desired properties,which paves the way for implementation of single-layer Bi2Te3 in electronics and spintronics.