Electric double-layer capacitors(EDLCs) are emerging technologies to meet the ever-increasing demand for sustainable energy storage devices and systems in the 21 st Century owing to their advantages such as long lifet...Electric double-layer capacitors(EDLCs) are emerging technologies to meet the ever-increasing demand for sustainable energy storage devices and systems in the 21 st Century owing to their advantages such as long lifetime, fast charging speed and environmentally-friendly nature, which play a critical part in satisfying the demand of electronic devices and systems. Although it is generally accepted that EDLCs are suitable for working at low temperatures down to-40℃, there is a lack of comprehensive review to summarize the quantified performance of EDLCs when they are subjected to low-temperature environments. The rapid and growing demand for high-performance EDLCs for auxiliary power systems in the aeronautic and aerospace industries has triggered the urge to extend their operating temperature range,especially at temperatures below-40℃. This article presents an overview of EDLC’s performance and their challenges at extremely low temperatures including the capability of storing a considerable amount of electrical energy and maintaining long-term stability. The selection of electrolytes and electrode materials is crucial to the performance of EDLCs operating at a desired low-temperature range. Strategies to improve EDLC’s performance at extremely low temperatures are discussed, followed by the future perspectives to motivate more future studies to be conducted in this area.展开更多
Supercapacitors,or electric double-layer capacitors(EDLCs),are the new generation of energy storage devices to store electrical charges and provide high power densities and long cyclic life compared to other storage d...Supercapacitors,or electric double-layer capacitors(EDLCs),are the new generation of energy storage devices to store electrical charges and provide high power densities and long cyclic life compared to other storage devices.EDLC mainly consists of activated carbon electrodes and an electrolyte,and the performance of EDLC depends on the activated carbon electrodes.In this work,the structural changes of activated carbon electrodes are analyzed using commercial 2.7 V/9500F EDLCs in its manufacturing process.It is found that there is no significant change in morphology and crystal structure of the activated carbon,but its specific surface area(SSA)reduced greatly.The SSA of activated carbon was decreased by 23%after they were manufactured or converted into electrodes and finally retained only 40%of SSA after the capacitance test.Besides,the SSA of the positive electrodes was found to decrease critically than that of the negative electrodes.The SSA of the external positive electrodes is only 14.3%after fl oating test at 65℃.展开更多
基金the Australian Research Council for its support through the Discovery Project scheme (DP190103186)the Industrial Transformation Training Centre Scheme(IC180100005)。
文摘Electric double-layer capacitors(EDLCs) are emerging technologies to meet the ever-increasing demand for sustainable energy storage devices and systems in the 21 st Century owing to their advantages such as long lifetime, fast charging speed and environmentally-friendly nature, which play a critical part in satisfying the demand of electronic devices and systems. Although it is generally accepted that EDLCs are suitable for working at low temperatures down to-40℃, there is a lack of comprehensive review to summarize the quantified performance of EDLCs when they are subjected to low-temperature environments. The rapid and growing demand for high-performance EDLCs for auxiliary power systems in the aeronautic and aerospace industries has triggered the urge to extend their operating temperature range,especially at temperatures below-40℃. This article presents an overview of EDLC’s performance and their challenges at extremely low temperatures including the capability of storing a considerable amount of electrical energy and maintaining long-term stability. The selection of electrolytes and electrode materials is crucial to the performance of EDLCs operating at a desired low-temperature range. Strategies to improve EDLC’s performance at extremely low temperatures are discussed, followed by the future perspectives to motivate more future studies to be conducted in this area.
基金the Major Special Projects of the Plan“Science and Technology Innovation 2025”in Ningbo(No.2019B10045)the Key Project of CRRC(No.2019CKB198).
文摘Supercapacitors,or electric double-layer capacitors(EDLCs),are the new generation of energy storage devices to store electrical charges and provide high power densities and long cyclic life compared to other storage devices.EDLC mainly consists of activated carbon electrodes and an electrolyte,and the performance of EDLC depends on the activated carbon electrodes.In this work,the structural changes of activated carbon electrodes are analyzed using commercial 2.7 V/9500F EDLCs in its manufacturing process.It is found that there is no significant change in morphology and crystal structure of the activated carbon,but its specific surface area(SSA)reduced greatly.The SSA of activated carbon was decreased by 23%after they were manufactured or converted into electrodes and finally retained only 40%of SSA after the capacitance test.Besides,the SSA of the positive electrodes was found to decrease critically than that of the negative electrodes.The SSA of the external positive electrodes is only 14.3%after fl oating test at 65℃.
