In this study,a model is developed to simulate the dynamics of an internal combustion engine,and it is calibrated and validated against reliable experimental data,making it a tool that can effectively be adopted to co...In this study,a model is developed to simulate the dynamics of an internal combustion engine,and it is calibrated and validated against reliable experimental data,making it a tool that can effectively be adopted to conduct emission predictions.In this work,the Ricardo WAVE software is applied to the simulation of a particular marine diesel engine,a four-stroke engine used in the maritime field.Results from the bench tests are used for the calibration of the model.Finally,the calibration of the model and its validation with full-scale data measured at sea are presented.The prediction includes not only the classic engine operating parameters for a comparison with surveys but also an estimate of nitrogen oxide emissions,which are compared with similar results obtained with emission factors.The calibration of the model made it possible to obtain an overlap between the simulation results and real data with an average error of approximately 7%on power,torque,and consumption.The model provides encouraging results,suggesting further applications,such as in the study on transient conditions,coupling of the engine model with the ship model for a complete simulation of the operating conditions,and optimization studies on consumption and emissions.The availability of the emission data during the sea trial and validated simulation results are the strengths and novelties of this work.展开更多
Diesel engines meeting the latest emission regulations must be equipped with exhaust gas aftertreatment system,including diesel oxidation catalysts(DOC),diesel particulate filters(DPF),and selective catalytic reductio...Diesel engines meeting the latest emission regulations must be equipped with exhaust gas aftertreatment system,including diesel oxidation catalysts(DOC),diesel particulate filters(DPF),and selective catalytic reduction(SCR).However,before the final integration of the aftertreatment system(DOC+DPF+SCR)and the diesel engine,a reasonable structural optimization of the catalytic converters and a large number of bench calibration tests must be completed,involving large costs and long development cycles.The design and optimization of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system for a heavy-duty diesel engine was proposed in this paper.Firstly,one-dimensional(1D)and threedimensional(3D)computational models of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system accounting for the structural parameters of the catalytic converters were established.Then based on the calibrated models,the effects of the converter’s structural parameters on their main performance indicators,including the conversion of various exhaust pollutants and the temperatures and pressure drops of the converters,were studied.Finally,the optimal design scheme was obtained.The temperature distribution of the solid substrates and pressure distributions of the catalytic converters were studied based on the 3D model.The method proposed in this paper has guiding significance for the optimization of diesel engine aftertreatment systems.展开更多
The population which could not access to electricity was around 1.2 billion in 2010 and is distributed in many low developing countries. With the increase in the population and the economic growth in those countries, ...The population which could not access to electricity was around 1.2 billion in 2010 and is distributed in many low developing countries. With the increase in the population and the economic growth in those countries, waste generation is growing rapid especially for the organic and the plastic, and the uncontrolled waste disposal is becoming more serious issues to manage it. The interest on waste to energy is growing by the above drivers. This research was carried out for aiming to the real world adaption at the minimum cost of the pyrolysis oil from waste biomass in a diesel engine, mainly for electricity generation. The proposal of the appropriate adaptable blend ratio was the major scope rather than the optimization of the engine parameters. For the sake of it, the pyrolysis oil of the waste biomass was produced from a gasification pilot plant in Japan and blended with biodiesel at minimum effort. A small single cylinder diesel engine （direct injection） was used for the experiment with regard to full load power-output, exhaust emissions and fuel consumption.展开更多
针对一台共轨重型柴油机,从提升废气再循环(exhaust gas recycling,EGR)循环能力的角度研究了基于二级增压系统的高压EGR(HP-EGR)、低压EGR(LP-EGR)及基于LP-EGR的高、低级涡轮间废气能量分配对柴油机燃烧过程、性能和排放的影响规律。...针对一台共轨重型柴油机,从提升废气再循环(exhaust gas recycling,EGR)循环能力的角度研究了基于二级增压系统的高压EGR(HP-EGR)、低压EGR(LP-EGR)及基于LP-EGR的高、低级涡轮间废气能量分配对柴油机燃烧过程、性能和排放的影响规律。研究结果表明:与HP-EGR相比,LP-EGR受转速和负荷的影响减小,能够显著提升EGR的循环能力,使柴油机在更宽广的EGR率区域内运行,并将氮氧化物(NOx)降至更低水平;采用HPEGR时,涡前压力随EGR率增加呈线性下降,但LP-EGR的涡前压力与进气压力变化较小,同时在低速中、高负荷时获得较高的空燃比,并显著改善NOx排放与有效燃油消耗率(brake specific fuel consumption,BSFC)和NOx与碳烟排放的平衡关系;在中、高转速高负荷时,HPEGR进/排气压差随EGR率增加逐渐下降并更加低于LP-EGR,NOx-BSFC的平衡关系显著改善;而LP-EGR通过适当增大废气旁通阀开度能有效降低BSFC,同时对NOx-碳烟的平衡关系影响较小,但低转速高负荷时应采用关闭旁通阀的控制策略。展开更多
基金Open access funding provided by Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II within the CRUI-CARE Agreement.
文摘In this study,a model is developed to simulate the dynamics of an internal combustion engine,and it is calibrated and validated against reliable experimental data,making it a tool that can effectively be adopted to conduct emission predictions.In this work,the Ricardo WAVE software is applied to the simulation of a particular marine diesel engine,a four-stroke engine used in the maritime field.Results from the bench tests are used for the calibration of the model.Finally,the calibration of the model and its validation with full-scale data measured at sea are presented.The prediction includes not only the classic engine operating parameters for a comparison with surveys but also an estimate of nitrogen oxide emissions,which are compared with similar results obtained with emission factors.The calibration of the model made it possible to obtain an overlap between the simulation results and real data with an average error of approximately 7%on power,torque,and consumption.The model provides encouraging results,suggesting further applications,such as in the study on transient conditions,coupling of the engine model with the ship model for a complete simulation of the operating conditions,and optimization studies on consumption and emissions.The availability of the emission data during the sea trial and validated simulation results are the strengths and novelties of this work.
基金Projects(2017YFC0211202,2017YFC0211301)supported by the National Key R&D Program of China。
文摘Diesel engines meeting the latest emission regulations must be equipped with exhaust gas aftertreatment system,including diesel oxidation catalysts(DOC),diesel particulate filters(DPF),and selective catalytic reduction(SCR).However,before the final integration of the aftertreatment system(DOC+DPF+SCR)and the diesel engine,a reasonable structural optimization of the catalytic converters and a large number of bench calibration tests must be completed,involving large costs and long development cycles.The design and optimization of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system for a heavy-duty diesel engine was proposed in this paper.Firstly,one-dimensional(1D)and threedimensional(3D)computational models of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system accounting for the structural parameters of the catalytic converters were established.Then based on the calibrated models,the effects of the converter’s structural parameters on their main performance indicators,including the conversion of various exhaust pollutants and the temperatures and pressure drops of the converters,were studied.Finally,the optimal design scheme was obtained.The temperature distribution of the solid substrates and pressure distributions of the catalytic converters were studied based on the 3D model.The method proposed in this paper has guiding significance for the optimization of diesel engine aftertreatment systems.
文摘The population which could not access to electricity was around 1.2 billion in 2010 and is distributed in many low developing countries. With the increase in the population and the economic growth in those countries, waste generation is growing rapid especially for the organic and the plastic, and the uncontrolled waste disposal is becoming more serious issues to manage it. The interest on waste to energy is growing by the above drivers. This research was carried out for aiming to the real world adaption at the minimum cost of the pyrolysis oil from waste biomass in a diesel engine, mainly for electricity generation. The proposal of the appropriate adaptable blend ratio was the major scope rather than the optimization of the engine parameters. For the sake of it, the pyrolysis oil of the waste biomass was produced from a gasification pilot plant in Japan and blended with biodiesel at minimum effort. A small single cylinder diesel engine （direct injection） was used for the experiment with regard to full load power-output, exhaust emissions and fuel consumption.
文摘针对一台共轨重型柴油机,从提升废气再循环(exhaust gas recycling,EGR)循环能力的角度研究了基于二级增压系统的高压EGR(HP-EGR)、低压EGR(LP-EGR)及基于LP-EGR的高、低级涡轮间废气能量分配对柴油机燃烧过程、性能和排放的影响规律。研究结果表明:与HP-EGR相比,LP-EGR受转速和负荷的影响减小,能够显著提升EGR的循环能力,使柴油机在更宽广的EGR率区域内运行,并将氮氧化物(NOx)降至更低水平;采用HPEGR时,涡前压力随EGR率增加呈线性下降,但LP-EGR的涡前压力与进气压力变化较小,同时在低速中、高负荷时获得较高的空燃比,并显著改善NOx排放与有效燃油消耗率(brake specific fuel consumption,BSFC)和NOx与碳烟排放的平衡关系;在中、高转速高负荷时,HPEGR进/排气压差随EGR率增加逐渐下降并更加低于LP-EGR,NOx-BSFC的平衡关系显著改善;而LP-EGR通过适当增大废气旁通阀开度能有效降低BSFC,同时对NOx-碳烟的平衡关系影响较小,但低转速高负荷时应采用关闭旁通阀的控制策略。
