Research on High Speed Communication Method of ELF-EM While Drilling Based on Adaptive Combined Filtering Algorithm

In terms of the electromagnetic wave measurement while drilling,the extremely low frequency electromagnetic(ELF-EM)signal below 20Hz is usually chosen as the downhole data carrier.To improve the transmission rate of ELF-EM signal and the signal to noise ratio(SNR)at the receiving end,the DQPSK modulation was proposed as the modulation method for the communication of electromagnetic wave system.Different from the traditional IQ orthogonal modulation and coherent demodulation methods,the proposed phase selection modulation and correlation algorithm demodulation are easier to implement and more practical.With regard to the communication synchronization,a fast algorithm,which based on the normalized cross-relation number,was used for waveform matching,and the maximum point of the correlation coefficient was used as the starting point of communication synchronization.The communication simulation results show that the proposed DQPSK modulation signal based on the adaptive combined filtering algorithm has better terminal error rate and transmission rate than the traditional modulation method.Under the same carrier frequency and code width,the transmission rate of DQPSK modulation is 4 to 5 times and 2 times that of PPM modulation and 2DPSK modulation respectively.The communication modulation and demodulation modes as well as the decoding algorithm with combined adaptive filter proposed in this paper can effectively solve practical engineering problems.

ELF-EM Signal Processing While Drilling Based on Human-Computer Interaction Combined Algorithm

In the electromagnetic wave measurement while drilling(EM MWD), the extra low frequency electromagnetic wave(ELF-EM) below 20Hz was usually chosen as the carrier because of its transmission characteristics in the formation. However, as the drilling depth increases, the electromagnetic wave signals received on the ground gradually weaken, becoming lower than a certain signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and making it impossible to be decoded or transmitted.The attenuation of electromagnetic wave in the formation is definitely one of the causes, but what matters more is the influence of environment noise at the well site, especially the in-band interference noise and random noise. Targeting at the out-of-band noise, the bandpass filter, which is invalid to the in-band noise,can be used to eliminate the noise out of the carrier’s main band. To cope with the question, an algorithm based on the human-computer interaction detection(HCID) was proposed in this paper that improves the SNR of ELF-EM signals, with the effective transmission distance of EM MWD increased. In this paper,the validity of the proposed HCID algorithm was verified through communication processing performance simulation and field data comparison, thus providing a reference for engineers and technicians in this field.Theoretical analysis and experimental data verification show that the combined algorithm decodes effectively under the in-band interference noise of-80d B SNR and in-band random noise of-17d B SNR.

地震预测人工源极低频电磁新技术(CSELF)和第一个观测台网

地震预测人工源极低频电磁技术(CSELF)是一种新技术,大功率人工源信号在"波导"中传播,可覆盖数千km的距离范围。信号频带包括传统电、磁法不曾包含的,对地震电磁异常现象敏感的极低频及其附近频率的电磁场信号。利用台网进行观测,既可监测空间电磁场的分布及其变化,又可监测台站地下电阻率结构及其变化,利于实现对地震电磁异常的4维监测。在过去10多年的研究和试验中,2次观测到地震前的电磁异常。利用CSELF台网式的观测表明,人工源信号的数据具有稳定的、高信噪比的优势。现在中国具有一定规模的第一个CSELF观测台网正在建设中。