患者输血前检查结果分析及检查必要性探讨

目的 了解拟输血病人其输血前状况 ,探讨有关检查项目设置的必要性。方法 用ELISA法检测乙肝两对半、抗HCV IgG、TP抗体和抗HIV 1/ 2 ;用PCR法检测混合血清HBV DNA、HCV RNA ;速率法检测ALT。 结果 用ELISA法所测HBV、HCV感染标志物阴性样品中 ,用PCR法仍可查出HBV DNA、HCV RNA阳性标本。结论 常规使用ELISA法检测HBV、HCV、HIV、TP时 ,同时采用PCR法检测相关项目 ,可避免“窗口期”影响 ,提高阳性检出率 ,防止漏检。

Analysis of Detecting HIV-1 Antibody in Paired Urine and Serum Specimens from Drug Users by ELISA

Objective- To compare the consistency of the results from detecting HIV-1 antibody in the paired urine and serum specimens from drug users by ELISA. Methods: The paired urine and serum specimens from 273 drug users detained at a detoxification unit were collected, and the HIV-1 antibodies in the specimens of them were screened by urine and serum ELISA kits, respectively. Results: Of 273 serum specimens, 94 ones showed positive reaction and among 94 counterpart urine specimens, 93 ones also appeared positive reaction. Taking the results together,the consistent rate of HIV-1 antibody screened by urine and serum ELISA kits was 99.6%. Conclusion: The urine ELISA kit, which screened HIV-1 antibody of urine showing almost the same results tested by serum ELISA kit, is reliable. It is proposed that urine ELISA be introduced in many fields.

Development of Multiple ELISAs for the Detection of Antibodies against Classical Swine Fever Virus in Pig Sera

The major immunogenic proteins （Ems, E2 and NS3） of classical swine fever virus （CSFV） （Shimen strain） were expressed in E. coli and purified by affinity chromatography. The recombinant antigens were applied to develop multiple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays （ELISAs） for the detection of specific antibodies in pig sera. Optimum cut-off values were determined by receiver operating characteristic （ROC） analysis after testing 201 sera of vaccinated pigs and 64 negative sera of unvaccinated piglets. The multiple ELISAs were validated with 265 pig sera yielding high sensitivity and specificity in comparison with the virus neutralization results. The results demonstrated that multiple ELISAs can be a valuable tool for the detection of CSFV infection and serological surveys in CSFV-free countries or for the evaluation of the antibody responses in pigs induced by a live attenuated C-strain vaccination

2017-2019年四川省援藏工作人员包虫病感染情况调查

目的了解四川省援藏工作人员包虫病感染情况,为今后援藏人员的卫生保健工作提供参考。方法对2017-2019年四川省主要在四川阿坝羌族藏族自治州和四川甘孜藏族自治州包虫病流行区工作生活的援藏工作人员进行体检,并对体检结果进行分析。结果 2017-2019年的2 781例援藏工作人员包虫病专科体检报告中,有包虫特异性抗体检测(ELISA)阳性者80例,其中共发现疑似病例7例,通过随访复查均已排除。不同性别、援藏时间及援藏地点的援藏人员感染包虫病及检出相关指标异常的概率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论四川省援藏工作人员感染包虫病的风险较低,援藏人员在援藏期间感染包虫病及包虫病核心检查结果异常的可能性和性别、援藏时间、援藏地点等因素无相关性。说明四川省目前针对援藏人员提供的卫生保健、健康教育及后勤保障等措施行之有效,降低了援藏工作人员感染包虫病的风险。另外,ELISA法检测包虫特异性抗体在临床诊断中的价值应结合流行病学、影像学等情况综合评判。