Intestinal oxidative stress triggers gut microbiota dysbiosis,which is involved in the etiology of postweaning diarrhea and enteric infections.Ellagic acid(EA)can potentially serve as an antioxidant supplement to faci...Intestinal oxidative stress triggers gut microbiota dysbiosis,which is involved in the etiology of postweaning diarrhea and enteric infections.Ellagic acid(EA)can potentially serve as an antioxidant supplement to facilitate weaning transition by improving intestinal oxidative stress and gut microbiota dysbiosis.Therefore,we aimed to investigate the effects of dietary EA supplementation on the attenuation of intestinal damage,oxidative stress,and dysbiosis of gut microbiota in weanling piglets.A total of126 piglets were randomly assigned into 3 groups and treated with a basal diet and 2 m L saline orally(Ctrl group),or the basal diet supplemented with 0.1%EA and 2 m L saline orally(EA group),or the basal diet and 2 m L fecal microbiota suspension from the EA group orally(FEA group),respectively,for 14 d.Compared with the Ctrl group,EA group improved growth performance by increasing average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain(P<0.05)and decreasing fecal scores(P<0.05).EA group also alleviated intestinal damage by increasing the tight junction protein occludin(P<0.05),villus height,and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio(P<0.05),while decreasing intestinal epithelial apoptosis(P<0.05).Additionally,EA group enhanced the jejunum antioxidant capacity by increasing the total antioxidant capacity(P<0.01),catalase(P<0.05),and glutathione/oxidized glutathione(P<0.05),but decreased the oxidative metabolite malondialdehyde(P<0.05)compared to the Ctrl group.Compared with the Ctrl group,EA and FEA groups increased alpha diversity(P<0.05),enriched beneficial bacteria(Ruminococcaceae and Clostridium ramosum),and increased metabolites short-chain fatty acids(P<0.05).Correspondingly,FEA group gained effects comparable to those of EA group on growth performance,intestinal damage,and intestinal antioxidant capacity.In addition,the relative abundance of bacteria shifted in EA and FEA groups was significantly related to the examined indices(P<0.05).Overall,dietary EA supplementation could improve growth performance and attenuate intestinal damage and oxidative stress by regulating the gut microbiota in weanling piglets.展开更多
Selenium protects cells from oxidative damage and reduces lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines. Because inflammatory cytokines induce growth depression, we hypothesized that selenium...Selenium protects cells from oxidative damage and reduces lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines. Because inflammatory cytokines induce growth depression, we hypothesized that selenium-rich yeast （SeY） would inhibit growth depression caused by LPS. Twenty Meishan weanling pigs [28 （s.d. 2 d）, 7.6 （s.d. 0.3 kg） body weight （BW）] were used in a 2×2 factorial design （n=5）. The main factors were dietary Se sources [selenium-rich yeast （SeY） vs. sodium selenite （SSe）] with supplement level at 0.3 mg Se/kg, and immunological stress （LPS vs. saline）. The experiment lasted for 28 d. On d 14 and d 21, half of pigs in each dietary treatment were intramuscularly injected with either 50 μg/kg BW LPS or an equivalent amount of sterile saline. Blood samples were collected at 3 h post-injection. There were no interactions between dietary Se sources and immunological stress on growth performance. LPS depressed average daily gain （ADG） （d 14-21, P〈0.05; d 21-28, P〈 0.01）, and elevated feed to gain ratio （F/G） （d 21-28, P〈0.05）, while SeY elevated ADG （d 0-14, P〈0.05; d 21-28 and d 0-28, P〈0.01）, and decreased F/G （P〈0.01）. Interactions were observed on interleukin-1β（IL-1β） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） from serum samples of d 14 and d 21 （P〈0.01）, as well as superoxide dismutase （SOD） and insulin like growth factor （IGF-1） of d 21 （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, SeY relieved the growth depression of piglets immunologically stressed by LPS, which maybe resulted from the decreased externalization of inflammatory cytokines and improved antioxidant status.展开更多
本试验旨在探究酿酒酵母(S.cerevisiae)发酵液对断奶仔猪生长性能、小肠发育及小肠黏膜免疫功能的影响。选取平均体重为(6.57±0.13)kg的26日龄"长白×杜洛克"断奶仔猪60头(公母各占1/2),按体重和性别随机分为3个组,...本试验旨在探究酿酒酵母(S.cerevisiae)发酵液对断奶仔猪生长性能、小肠发育及小肠黏膜免疫功能的影响。选取平均体重为(6.57±0.13)kg的26日龄"长白×杜洛克"断奶仔猪60头(公母各占1/2),按体重和性别随机分为3个组,每组4个重复,每个重复5头仔猪。3个组分别为:对照组(基础饲粮+300 m L/kg空白培养液)、酿酒酵母发酵液组(基础饲粮+300 m L/kg酿酒酵母发酵液)和抗生素组(基础饲粮+20 mg/kg硫酸黏杆菌素+40 mg/kg杆菌肽锌)。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,酿酒酵母发酵液组和抗生素组的平均日增重(ADG)和平均日采食量(ADFI)显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),料重比极显著降低(P<0.01);但酿酒酵母发酵液组与抗生素组的以上生长性能指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,酿酒酵母发酵液组和抗生素组的十二指肠、空肠和回肠黏膜总蛋白、DNA和RNA含量显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);但酿酒酵母发酵液组与抗生素组的以上指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,酿酒酵母发酵液组和抗生素组的十二指肠和回肠绒毛高度显著升高(P<0.05),十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);但酿酒酵母发酵液组与抗生素组的以上指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)与对照组相比,酿酒酵母发酵液组和抗生素组的十二指肠、空肠和回肠黏膜免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白M含量均显著或极显著升高(除空肠黏膜免疫球蛋白G外)(P<0.05或P<0.01);但酿酒酵母发酵液组和抗生素组的以上指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结果显示,饲粮中添加酿酒酵母发酵液能够提高断奶仔猪的生长性能,促进小肠发育,提高小肠黏膜免疫功能,达到与抗生素相当的效果。提示酿酒酵母发酵液可有效缓解断奶应激,减少或者替代抗生素在断奶仔猪饲粮中的使用,这为研发无抗饲粮提供了有力的理论依据和数据支持。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund Project(U20A2055)Agricultural Microbiology of Large Research Infrastructures(463119009)。
文摘Intestinal oxidative stress triggers gut microbiota dysbiosis,which is involved in the etiology of postweaning diarrhea and enteric infections.Ellagic acid(EA)can potentially serve as an antioxidant supplement to facilitate weaning transition by improving intestinal oxidative stress and gut microbiota dysbiosis.Therefore,we aimed to investigate the effects of dietary EA supplementation on the attenuation of intestinal damage,oxidative stress,and dysbiosis of gut microbiota in weanling piglets.A total of126 piglets were randomly assigned into 3 groups and treated with a basal diet and 2 m L saline orally(Ctrl group),or the basal diet supplemented with 0.1%EA and 2 m L saline orally(EA group),or the basal diet and 2 m L fecal microbiota suspension from the EA group orally(FEA group),respectively,for 14 d.Compared with the Ctrl group,EA group improved growth performance by increasing average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain(P<0.05)and decreasing fecal scores(P<0.05).EA group also alleviated intestinal damage by increasing the tight junction protein occludin(P<0.05),villus height,and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio(P<0.05),while decreasing intestinal epithelial apoptosis(P<0.05).Additionally,EA group enhanced the jejunum antioxidant capacity by increasing the total antioxidant capacity(P<0.01),catalase(P<0.05),and glutathione/oxidized glutathione(P<0.05),but decreased the oxidative metabolite malondialdehyde(P<0.05)compared to the Ctrl group.Compared with the Ctrl group,EA and FEA groups increased alpha diversity(P<0.05),enriched beneficial bacteria(Ruminococcaceae and Clostridium ramosum),and increased metabolites short-chain fatty acids(P<0.05).Correspondingly,FEA group gained effects comparable to those of EA group on growth performance,intestinal damage,and intestinal antioxidant capacity.In addition,the relative abundance of bacteria shifted in EA and FEA groups was significantly related to the examined indices(P<0.05).Overall,dietary EA supplementation could improve growth performance and attenuate intestinal damage and oxidative stress by regulating the gut microbiota in weanling piglets.
文摘Selenium protects cells from oxidative damage and reduces lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines. Because inflammatory cytokines induce growth depression, we hypothesized that selenium-rich yeast （SeY） would inhibit growth depression caused by LPS. Twenty Meishan weanling pigs [28 （s.d. 2 d）, 7.6 （s.d. 0.3 kg） body weight （BW）] were used in a 2×2 factorial design （n=5）. The main factors were dietary Se sources [selenium-rich yeast （SeY） vs. sodium selenite （SSe）] with supplement level at 0.3 mg Se/kg, and immunological stress （LPS vs. saline）. The experiment lasted for 28 d. On d 14 and d 21, half of pigs in each dietary treatment were intramuscularly injected with either 50 μg/kg BW LPS or an equivalent amount of sterile saline. Blood samples were collected at 3 h post-injection. There were no interactions between dietary Se sources and immunological stress on growth performance. LPS depressed average daily gain （ADG） （d 14-21, P〈0.05; d 21-28, P〈 0.01）, and elevated feed to gain ratio （F/G） （d 21-28, P〈0.05）, while SeY elevated ADG （d 0-14, P〈0.05; d 21-28 and d 0-28, P〈0.01）, and decreased F/G （P〈0.01）. Interactions were observed on interleukin-1β（IL-1β） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） from serum samples of d 14 and d 21 （P〈0.01）, as well as superoxide dismutase （SOD） and insulin like growth factor （IGF-1） of d 21 （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, SeY relieved the growth depression of piglets immunologically stressed by LPS, which maybe resulted from the decreased externalization of inflammatory cytokines and improved antioxidant status.
文摘本试验旨在探究酿酒酵母(S.cerevisiae)发酵液对断奶仔猪生长性能、小肠发育及小肠黏膜免疫功能的影响。选取平均体重为(6.57±0.13)kg的26日龄"长白×杜洛克"断奶仔猪60头(公母各占1/2),按体重和性别随机分为3个组,每组4个重复,每个重复5头仔猪。3个组分别为:对照组(基础饲粮+300 m L/kg空白培养液)、酿酒酵母发酵液组(基础饲粮+300 m L/kg酿酒酵母发酵液)和抗生素组(基础饲粮+20 mg/kg硫酸黏杆菌素+40 mg/kg杆菌肽锌)。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,酿酒酵母发酵液组和抗生素组的平均日增重(ADG)和平均日采食量(ADFI)显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),料重比极显著降低(P<0.01);但酿酒酵母发酵液组与抗生素组的以上生长性能指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,酿酒酵母发酵液组和抗生素组的十二指肠、空肠和回肠黏膜总蛋白、DNA和RNA含量显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);但酿酒酵母发酵液组与抗生素组的以上指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,酿酒酵母发酵液组和抗生素组的十二指肠和回肠绒毛高度显著升高(P<0.05),十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);但酿酒酵母发酵液组与抗生素组的以上指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)与对照组相比,酿酒酵母发酵液组和抗生素组的十二指肠、空肠和回肠黏膜免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白M含量均显著或极显著升高(除空肠黏膜免疫球蛋白G外)(P<0.05或P<0.01);但酿酒酵母发酵液组和抗生素组的以上指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结果显示,饲粮中添加酿酒酵母发酵液能够提高断奶仔猪的生长性能,促进小肠发育,提高小肠黏膜免疫功能,达到与抗生素相当的效果。提示酿酒酵母发酵液可有效缓解断奶应激,减少或者替代抗生素在断奶仔猪饲粮中的使用,这为研发无抗饲粮提供了有力的理论依据和数据支持。
