Chemical and physical mutagenesis has been used to increase genetic variability in crop plants. More than 430 new varieties have been derived as mutants of rice (Oryza sativa L.) via the application of different mutag...Chemical and physical mutagenesis has been used to increase genetic variability in crop plants. More than 430 new varieties have been derived as mutants of rice (Oryza sativa L.) via the application of different mutagenic agents. Chemical mutagens such as ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), diepoxybutane-derived (DEB), sodium azide and irradiation (Gamma rays, X-rays and fast neutrons) have been widely used to induce a large number of functional variations in rice and others crops. Among chemical mutagens, the alkylating agent, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) is the most commonly used in plants as it causes a high frequency of nucleotide substitutions, as detected in different genomes. In this study, seeds of potential genotype of the popular variety, (Oryza sativa L. spp. Indica cv. MR219) were treated with EMS at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25%, 1.5% and 2%. Sensitivity to EMS was determined by various measurements on the M1 generation. As concentration of applied EMS increased, will decrease in germination, seedling height, root length and emergence under field conditions was observed in M1 generation as compared to the non-treatment control. Plant height and root length also decreased with increases in EMS mutagenesis in an approximately linear fashion. The LD25 and LD50 values were observed based on growth reduction of seedlings after EMS treatment with 0.25% and 0.50% on the rice variety (Oryza sativa L. spp. Indica cv. MR219).展开更多
Background: Producing rainfed cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) with high fiber quality has been challenging in the Texas High Plains because of extended periods of insufficient rainfall during sensitive boll developmenta...Background: Producing rainfed cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) with high fiber quality has been challenging in the Texas High Plains because of extended periods of insufficient rainfall during sensitive boll developmental stages.Genetic variation created by Ethyl MethaneSulfonate(EMS) mutagen has successfully improved fiber quality of cotton. However, little is known about the effect of water deficit environments on fiber quality. Three EMS treated populations were advanced from the first to the fourth generation(M1 to M4) as bulk harvested populations. In2014, single-plant divergent selection was applied based on perceived morphological and agronomic differences seen during and at the end of the season.Results: Analyses from these selections in 2014-2016 showed significant(P< 0.05) improvement between and within populations for fiber traits(micronaire, length, strength, uniformity, and elongation) when compared with the original non-treated EMS source; some selections were found to have excellent fiber quality under diverse irrigationregimes.Conclusions: Some of these selections are being considered for germplasm release and could be useful for improving the fiber quality of cotton under water limited conditions, thereby helping to ensure the long-term survival of the cotton industry on the Texas High Plains.展开更多
Background:Producing rainfed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) with high fiber quality has been challenging in the Texas High Plains because of extended periods of insufficient rainfall during sensitive boll developmenta...Background:Producing rainfed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) with high fiber quality has been challenging in the Texas High Plains because of extended periods of insufficient rainfall during sensitive boll developmental stages.Genetic variation created by Ethyl MethaneSulfonate (EMS) mutagen has successfully improved fiber quality of cotton.However,little is known about the effect of water deficit environments on fiber quality.Three EMS treated populations were advanced from the first to the fourth generation (M1 to M4) as bulk harvested populations.In2014,single-plant divergent selection was applied based on perceived morphological and agronomic differences seen during and at the end of the season.Results:Analyses from these selections in 2014-2016 showed significant (P < 0.05) improvement between and within populations for fiber traits (micronaire,length,strength,uniformity,and elongation) when compared with the original non-treated EMS source;some selections were found to have excellent fiber quality under diverse irrigation-regimes.Conclusions:Some of these selections are being considered for germplasm release and could be useful for improving the fiber quality of cotton under water limited conditions,thereby helping to ensure the long-term survival of the cotton industry on the Texas High Plains.展开更多
文摘Chemical and physical mutagenesis has been used to increase genetic variability in crop plants. More than 430 new varieties have been derived as mutants of rice (Oryza sativa L.) via the application of different mutagenic agents. Chemical mutagens such as ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), diepoxybutane-derived (DEB), sodium azide and irradiation (Gamma rays, X-rays and fast neutrons) have been widely used to induce a large number of functional variations in rice and others crops. Among chemical mutagens, the alkylating agent, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) is the most commonly used in plants as it causes a high frequency of nucleotide substitutions, as detected in different genomes. In this study, seeds of potential genotype of the popular variety, (Oryza sativa L. spp. Indica cv. MR219) were treated with EMS at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25%, 1.5% and 2%. Sensitivity to EMS was determined by various measurements on the M1 generation. As concentration of applied EMS increased, will decrease in germination, seedling height, root length and emergence under field conditions was observed in M1 generation as compared to the non-treatment control. Plant height and root length also decreased with increases in EMS mutagenesis in an approximately linear fashion. The LD25 and LD50 values were observed based on growth reduction of seedlings after EMS treatment with 0.25% and 0.50% on the rice variety (Oryza sativa L. spp. Indica cv. MR219).
基金funded by the Ogallala Aquifer Program with a collaborative project between Texas Tech University and USDA-ARS,PA,Cropping System Research Laboratory,Lubbock,TXUSDA-ARS(Project 3096-21000-019-00-D)(MU)
文摘Background: Producing rainfed cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) with high fiber quality has been challenging in the Texas High Plains because of extended periods of insufficient rainfall during sensitive boll developmental stages.Genetic variation created by Ethyl MethaneSulfonate(EMS) mutagen has successfully improved fiber quality of cotton. However, little is known about the effect of water deficit environments on fiber quality. Three EMS treated populations were advanced from the first to the fourth generation(M1 to M4) as bulk harvested populations. In2014, single-plant divergent selection was applied based on perceived morphological and agronomic differences seen during and at the end of the season.Results: Analyses from these selections in 2014-2016 showed significant(P< 0.05) improvement between and within populations for fiber traits(micronaire, length, strength, uniformity, and elongation) when compared with the original non-treated EMS source; some selections were found to have excellent fiber quality under diverse irrigationregimes.Conclusions: Some of these selections are being considered for germplasm release and could be useful for improving the fiber quality of cotton under water limited conditions, thereby helping to ensure the long-term survival of the cotton industry on the Texas High Plains.
文摘Background:Producing rainfed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) with high fiber quality has been challenging in the Texas High Plains because of extended periods of insufficient rainfall during sensitive boll developmental stages.Genetic variation created by Ethyl MethaneSulfonate (EMS) mutagen has successfully improved fiber quality of cotton.However,little is known about the effect of water deficit environments on fiber quality.Three EMS treated populations were advanced from the first to the fourth generation (M1 to M4) as bulk harvested populations.In2014,single-plant divergent selection was applied based on perceived morphological and agronomic differences seen during and at the end of the season.Results:Analyses from these selections in 2014-2016 showed significant (P < 0.05) improvement between and within populations for fiber traits (micronaire,length,strength,uniformity,and elongation) when compared with the original non-treated EMS source;some selections were found to have excellent fiber quality under diverse irrigation-regimes.Conclusions:Some of these selections are being considered for germplasm release and could be useful for improving the fiber quality of cotton under water limited conditions,thereby helping to ensure the long-term survival of the cotton industry on the Texas High Plains.
