随着近年来一系列心力衰竭(心衰)诊治的相关循证医学证据及临床实践经验的不断积累,欧洲心脏病学会(European Society of Cardiology,ESC)和ESC心力衰竭协会于2023年公布了针对《2021 ESC急慢性心力衰竭诊断和治疗指南》(简称2021年版指...随着近年来一系列心力衰竭(心衰)诊治的相关循证医学证据及临床实践经验的不断积累,欧洲心脏病学会(European Society of Cardiology,ESC)和ESC心力衰竭协会于2023年公布了针对《2021 ESC急慢性心力衰竭诊断和治疗指南》(简称2021年版指南)的更新[1]。该更新指南针对慢性心衰的分类依然沿用2021年版指南分类:射血分数降低的心衰(heart failure with reduced ejection fraction,HFrEF)、中间范围射血分数心衰(heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction,HFmrEF)和射血分数保留的心衰(heart failure with preserved ejection fraction,HFpEF)。本次指南更新主要集中于HFmrEF和HFpEF患者的药物治疗和管理、急性心衰治疗策略和心衰并发症的治疗。现对其重要推荐更新进行解读。展开更多
为探讨家庭社会经济文化地位(Economic, Social and Cultural Status,以下简称ESCS)对青少年幸福感的内在影响机制。采用国际学生评价估项目(Programmer for International Student Assessment,以下简称PISA)2018年测评数据构建结构方...为探讨家庭社会经济文化地位(Economic, Social and Cultural Status,以下简称ESCS)对青少年幸福感的内在影响机制。采用国际学生评价估项目(Programmer for International Student Assessment,以下简称PISA)2018年测评数据构建结构方程模型进行分析。研究结果表明,ESCS可以正向预测青少年幸福感;学业成就在ESCS与幸福感之间起部分中介作用;青少年核心自我评价调节了ESCS通过学业成就影响青少年幸福感的中介过程。结论:ESCS对幸福感的影响是一个有调节的中介过程,ESCS可以直接影响幸福感,也可以通过阅读学业成就影响幸福感;核心自我评价可以调节ESCS影响青少年幸福感的过程。展开更多
A paracrine regulation was recently proposed in human embryonic stem cells （hESCs） grown in mouse embryonic fibroblast （MEF）-conditioned media （MEF-CM）, where hESCs spontaneously differentiate into autologous fi...A paracrine regulation was recently proposed in human embryonic stem cells （hESCs） grown in mouse embryonic fibroblast （MEF）-conditioned media （MEF-CM）, where hESCs spontaneously differentiate into autologous fibroblastlike cells to maintain culture homeostasis by producing TGF-β and insulin-like growth factor-lI （IGF-Ⅱ） in response to basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF）. Although the importance of TGF-β family members in the maintenance of pluripotency of hESCs is widely established, very little is known about the role of IGF-Ⅱ. In order to ease hESC cul- ture conditions and to reduce xenogenic components, we sought （i） to determine whether hESCs can be maintained stable and pluripotent using CM from human foreskin fibroblasts （HFFs） and human mesenchymal stem cells （hM- SCs） rather than MEF-CM, and （ii） to analyze whether the cooperation of bFGF with TGF-β and IGF-Ⅱ to maintain hESCs in MEF-CM may be extrapolated to hESCs maintained in allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell （MSC）-CM and HFF-CM. We found that MSCs and HFFs express all FGF receptors （FGFR1-4） and specifically produce TGF-β in response to bFGF. However, HFFs but not MSCs secrete IGF-Ⅱ. Despite the absence of IGF-Ⅱ in MSC-CM, hESC pluripotency and culture homeostasis were successfully maintained in MSC-CM for over 37 passages. Human ESCs derived on MSCs and hESCs maintained in MSC-CM retained hESC morphology, euploidy, expression of surface markers and transcription factors linked to pluripotency and displayed in vitro and in vivo multilineage developmental potential, suggesting that IGF-Ⅱ may be dispensable for hESC pluripotency. In fact, IGF-Ⅱ blocking had no effect on the homeostasis of hESC cultures maintained either on HFF-CM or on MSC-CM. These data indicate that hESCs are successfully maintained feeder-free with IGF-Ⅱ-lacking MSC-CM, and that the previously proposed paracrine mechanism by which bFGF cooperates with TGF-β and IGF-Ⅱ in the maintenance of hESCs in MEF-CM may not be fully extrapolated to hESCs maintained in CM from human MSCs.展开更多
3D reconstruction and 2D observation were conducted to characterize the microstructure of the castings produced through high pressure die casting with different parameters.Our results indicate that shrinkage pores gen...3D reconstruction and 2D observation were conducted to characterize the microstructure of the castings produced through high pressure die casting with different parameters.Our results indicate that shrinkage pores generally co-existed with externally solidified crystals(ESCs).In specimen produced without fast slow shot speed,big net-shrinkage pores accompanied with ESCs were found in the center of the specimen.When the casting pressurization was introduced,the shrinkage pores gathered to the specimen center and became much less due to the optimization of melt feeding.Much more porosity was found near the gate rather than in the middle of the rod bar,especially gas pores.Thefilling process simulation reveals that the middle position of the bars wasfirstlyfilled and followed by the near gate position accompanied with one intense turbulentflow.展开更多
To understand the relationship between the process-microstructure-mechanical properties of the high-pressure die-casting(HPDC) AE44 magnesium alloy, 3D reconstruction and 2D characterization were carried out on the HP...To understand the relationship between the process-microstructure-mechanical properties of the high-pressure die-casting(HPDC) AE44 magnesium alloy, 3D reconstruction and 2D characterization were carried out on the HPDC castings produced with different process parameters(low slow-shot speed, fast slow-shot speed, solidification pressure). Microstructural characterization revealed that the formation of shrinkage pores are closely related to ESCs, which were mainly controlled by the low slow-shot speed in shot sleeve(ESCs growth time) and fast slow-shot speed into the die cavity(distribution of ESCs). In addition, solidification pressure can significantly reduce the shrinkage porosity in the center by improving the feeding capacity of liquid metal. Tensile fracture revealed that the tearing ridge is mainly evolved from the slip band of ESCs. The quantity and distribution of ESCs determine the fracture mode of castings. The relationship between mechanical properties of castings and the morphology of ESCs and porosity is also statistically discussed.展开更多
Endometriosis is defined as a condition with endometrium-like tissues migrating outside of the pelvic cavity.However,the mechanism of endometriosis is still unclear.Lactate can be covalently modified to lysine residue...Endometriosis is defined as a condition with endometrium-like tissues migrating outside of the pelvic cavity.However,the mechanism of endometriosis is still unclear.Lactate can be covalently modified to lysine residues of histones and other proteins,which is called lactylation.The results showed that the higher level of lactate and lactate dehydrogenase A enhanced the histone H3 lysine 18 lactylation(H3K18lac)in ectopic endometrial tissues and ectopic endometrial stromal cells than that in normal endometrial tissues and normal endometrial stromal cells.Lactate promoted cell proliferation,migration,and invasion in endometriosis.Mechanistically,lactate induced H3K18lac to promote the expression of high-mobility group box 1(HMGB1)in endometriosis,and HMGB1 knockdown significantly reduced the cell proliferation,migration,and invasion of the lactate-treated cells through the phosphorylation of AKT.In conclusion,lactate could induce histone lactylation to promote endometriosis progression by upregulating the expression of HMGB1,which may provide a novel target for the prevention and treatment of endometriosis.展开更多
文摘随着近年来一系列心力衰竭(心衰)诊治的相关循证医学证据及临床实践经验的不断积累,欧洲心脏病学会(European Society of Cardiology,ESC)和ESC心力衰竭协会于2023年公布了针对《2021 ESC急慢性心力衰竭诊断和治疗指南》(简称2021年版指南)的更新[1]。该更新指南针对慢性心衰的分类依然沿用2021年版指南分类:射血分数降低的心衰(heart failure with reduced ejection fraction,HFrEF)、中间范围射血分数心衰(heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction,HFmrEF)和射血分数保留的心衰(heart failure with preserved ejection fraction,HFpEF)。本次指南更新主要集中于HFmrEF和HFpEF患者的药物治疗和管理、急性心衰治疗策略和心衰并发症的治疗。现对其重要推荐更新进行解读。
文摘为探讨家庭社会经济文化地位(Economic, Social and Cultural Status,以下简称ESCS)对青少年幸福感的内在影响机制。采用国际学生评价估项目(Programmer for International Student Assessment,以下简称PISA)2018年测评数据构建结构方程模型进行分析。研究结果表明,ESCS可以正向预测青少年幸福感;学业成就在ESCS与幸福感之间起部分中介作用;青少年核心自我评价调节了ESCS通过学业成就影响青少年幸福感的中介过程。结论:ESCS对幸福感的影响是一个有调节的中介过程,ESCS可以直接影响幸福感,也可以通过阅读学业成就影响幸福感;核心自我评价可以调节ESCS影响青少年幸福感的过程。
文摘A paracrine regulation was recently proposed in human embryonic stem cells （hESCs） grown in mouse embryonic fibroblast （MEF）-conditioned media （MEF-CM）, where hESCs spontaneously differentiate into autologous fibroblastlike cells to maintain culture homeostasis by producing TGF-β and insulin-like growth factor-lI （IGF-Ⅱ） in response to basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF）. Although the importance of TGF-β family members in the maintenance of pluripotency of hESCs is widely established, very little is known about the role of IGF-Ⅱ. In order to ease hESC cul- ture conditions and to reduce xenogenic components, we sought （i） to determine whether hESCs can be maintained stable and pluripotent using CM from human foreskin fibroblasts （HFFs） and human mesenchymal stem cells （hM- SCs） rather than MEF-CM, and （ii） to analyze whether the cooperation of bFGF with TGF-β and IGF-Ⅱ to maintain hESCs in MEF-CM may be extrapolated to hESCs maintained in allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell （MSC）-CM and HFF-CM. We found that MSCs and HFFs express all FGF receptors （FGFR1-4） and specifically produce TGF-β in response to bFGF. However, HFFs but not MSCs secrete IGF-Ⅱ. Despite the absence of IGF-Ⅱ in MSC-CM, hESC pluripotency and culture homeostasis were successfully maintained in MSC-CM for over 37 passages. Human ESCs derived on MSCs and hESCs maintained in MSC-CM retained hESC morphology, euploidy, expression of surface markers and transcription factors linked to pluripotency and displayed in vitro and in vivo multilineage developmental potential, suggesting that IGF-Ⅱ may be dispensable for hESC pluripotency. In fact, IGF-Ⅱ blocking had no effect on the homeostasis of hESC cultures maintained either on HFF-CM or on MSC-CM. These data indicate that hESCs are successfully maintained feeder-free with IGF-Ⅱ-lacking MSC-CM, and that the previously proposed paracrine mechanism by which bFGF cooperates with TGF-β and IGF-Ⅱ in the maintenance of hESCs in MEF-CM may not be fully extrapolated to hESCs maintained in CM from human MSCs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52175284)the State Key Lab of Advanced Metals and Materials (2021-ZD08)technical support of BL13W1 Beamline in Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) and Gaomi Xiangyu company
文摘3D reconstruction and 2D observation were conducted to characterize the microstructure of the castings produced through high pressure die casting with different parameters.Our results indicate that shrinkage pores generally co-existed with externally solidified crystals(ESCs).In specimen produced without fast slow shot speed,big net-shrinkage pores accompanied with ESCs were found in the center of the specimen.When the casting pressurization was introduced,the shrinkage pores gathered to the specimen center and became much less due to the optimization of melt feeding.Much more porosity was found near the gate rather than in the middle of the rod bar,especially gas pores.Thefilling process simulation reveals that the middle position of the bars wasfirstlyfilled and followed by the near gate position accompanied with one intense turbulentflow.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (M22JBMC0060)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52175284)the State Key Lab of Advanced Metals and Materials (No.2021-ZD08)。
文摘To understand the relationship between the process-microstructure-mechanical properties of the high-pressure die-casting(HPDC) AE44 magnesium alloy, 3D reconstruction and 2D characterization were carried out on the HPDC castings produced with different process parameters(low slow-shot speed, fast slow-shot speed, solidification pressure). Microstructural characterization revealed that the formation of shrinkage pores are closely related to ESCs, which were mainly controlled by the low slow-shot speed in shot sleeve(ESCs growth time) and fast slow-shot speed into the die cavity(distribution of ESCs). In addition, solidification pressure can significantly reduce the shrinkage porosity in the center by improving the feeding capacity of liquid metal. Tensile fracture revealed that the tearing ridge is mainly evolved from the slip band of ESCs. The quantity and distribution of ESCs determine the fracture mode of castings. The relationship between mechanical properties of castings and the morphology of ESCs and porosity is also statistically discussed.
文摘Endometriosis is defined as a condition with endometrium-like tissues migrating outside of the pelvic cavity.However,the mechanism of endometriosis is still unclear.Lactate can be covalently modified to lysine residues of histones and other proteins,which is called lactylation.The results showed that the higher level of lactate and lactate dehydrogenase A enhanced the histone H3 lysine 18 lactylation(H3K18lac)in ectopic endometrial tissues and ectopic endometrial stromal cells than that in normal endometrial tissues and normal endometrial stromal cells.Lactate promoted cell proliferation,migration,and invasion in endometriosis.Mechanistically,lactate induced H3K18lac to promote the expression of high-mobility group box 1(HMGB1)in endometriosis,and HMGB1 knockdown significantly reduced the cell proliferation,migration,and invasion of the lactate-treated cells through the phosphorylation of AKT.In conclusion,lactate could induce histone lactylation to promote endometriosis progression by upregulating the expression of HMGB1,which may provide a novel target for the prevention and treatment of endometriosis.
