Dietary supplementation of benzoic acid and essential oils combination enhances intestinal resilience against LPS stimulation in weaned piglets

Background The benefits of combining benzoic acid and essential oils(BAO)to mitigate intestinal impairment during the weaning process have been well established,while the detailed underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated.Previous research has primarily focused on the reparative effects of BAO on intestinal injury,while neglecting its potential in enhancing intestinal stress resistance.Methods In this study,we investigated the pre-protective effect of BAO against LPS-induced stress using a modified experimental procedure.Piglets were pre-supplemented with BAO for 14 d,followed by a challenge with LPS or saline to collect blood and intestinal samples.Results Our findings demonstrated that BAO supplementation led to significant improvements in piglets’final weight,average daily gain,and feed intake/body gain ratio.Additionally,BAO supplementation positively influenced the composition of intestinal microbiota,increasing beneficial Actinobacteriota and Alloprevotella while reducing harmful Desulfobacterota,Prevotella and Oscillospira.Furthermore,BAO supplementation effectively mitigated oxidative disturbances and inflammatory responses induced by acute LPS challenge.This was evidenced by elevated levels of T-AOC,SOD,and GSH,as well as decreased levels of MDA,TNF-α,and IL-6 in the plasma.Moreover,piglets subjected to LPS challenge and pre-supplemented with BAO exhibited significant improvements in intestinal morphological structure and enhanced integrity,as indicated by restored expression levels of Occludin and Claudin-1 compared to the non-supplemented counterparts.Further analysis revealed that BAO supplementation enhanced the jejunal antioxidative capacity by increasing GSH-Px levels and decreasing MDA levels under the LPS challenge and stimulated the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.Additionally,the reduction of TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways activation and proinflammatory factor were also observed in the jejunal of those piglets fed with BAO.Conclusions In summary,our study demonstrates that pre-supplementation of BAO enhances the anti-stress capacity of weaned piglets by improving intestinal microbiota composition,reinforcing the intestinal barrier,and enhancing antioxidative and anti-inflammatory capabilities.These effects are closely associated with the activation of Nrf2 and TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways.

A verifiable essential secret image sharing scheme based on HLRs(VESIS-(t,s,k,n))

In traditional secret image sharing schemes,a secret image is shared among shareholders who have the same position.But if the shareholders have two different positions,essential and non‐essential,it is necessary to use essential secret image sharing schemes.In this article,a verifiable essential secret image sharing scheme based on HLRs is proposed.Shareholder's share consists of two parts.The first part is produced by the shareholders,which prevents the fraud of dealers.The second part is a shadow image that is produced by using HLRs and the first part of share.The verification of the first part of the shares is done for the first time by using multilinear and bilinear maps.Also,for verifying shadow images,Bloom Filters are used for the first time.The proposed scheme is more efficient than similar schemes,and for the first part of the shares,has formal security.

基于事实型数据的ESI学科建设现状分析——以长沙理工大学学科分析为例

“双一流”建设背景下,ESI学科建设成为衡量高校学科建设的重要指标。文章在分析ESI学科建设的基础上,对比分析了长沙理工大学、华北电力大学与长安大学ESI学科现状,最后提出长沙理工大学图书馆ESI学科服务的机遇与挑战。

基于ESI的广西高校学科竞争力计量分析

学科竞争力分析可以科学明晰高校学科发展的优势与不足,在“双一流”建设背景下,开展高校学科竞争力分析意义重大。文章基于ESI科研评价分析平台,以广西进入全球ESI前1%排名的6所高校10个学科为研究对象,从文献计量学角度,分析各高校的科研能力和科研水平以及各学科的发展态势。从数据分析结果来看,广西已经入围的和有潜力入围的高校和学科数量比较少、比较集中,广西地区高校的学科建设还有很大的提升发展空间,希望地方政府和高校能根植于地方学情,推动学科建设。

基于ARIMA、GM(1,1)模型的高校ESI学科发展预测研究

[目的/意义]学科建设是高校提升教育质量的关键环节,对科学研究起着重要的支撑作用。采用数学统计建模探索一种科学有效的方法,实现潜力学科入围ESI前1%的时间预测,对于机构学科发展规划有着重要指导意义。[方法/过程]基于ESI数据库,获取目标机构4个潜力学科的被引频次和ESI入围阈值,建立时间序列并创建预测模型:先引入转换系数来去除不同数据库的差异,使其可比,然后分别拟合GM(1,1)模型、ARIMA模型,预测目标学术机构学科被引频次和ESI入围阈值,找到目标机构学科被引频次赶上ESI入围阈值的时间,即预测的入围时间。通过采用平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)、平均绝对误差(MAE)和均方根误差(RMSE)对模型的拟合预测效果进行评估和比较,根据MAPE、MAE和RMSE三个指标来评价模型拟合及预测效果,以此为学校的学科建设及长远发展规划提供参考依据。[局限]本研究仅局限于目标机构4个学科的数据,尚需获取其他机构、更多学科的数据进行模型预测效果验证。[结果/结论]ARIMA模型的拟合效果和预测效果优于GM(1,1)模型。目标机构的生物学与生物化学学科可能于近期入围ESI前1%;免疫学科有入围ESI前1%学科的潜力,但入围时间可能会稍微滞后;分子生物学与遗传学和神经科学与行为学学科,离入围还有较大差距。

基于ESI、Incites的高校科研产出与竞争力分析—以安徽建筑大学为例

利用文献计量学分析方法和来自Web.of.Science、ESI和Incites的数据,从论文产出、引用频率、学科标准化影响力、合作机构、科研资助资金来源、高引用论文、机构ESI学科和出版期刊等多个维度进行分析,并结合建筑类高校和区域内学科设置相近高校对标分析,对安徽建筑大学的科研产出和竞争力进行了综合评价。研究结果旨在评估安徽建筑大学的科研产出和竞争力,并为解决学科建设发展中的问题提供相关结论和策略。

Causal associations between gastroesophageal reflux disease and essential hypertension: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

BACKGROUND Clinical studies have reported that patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)have a higher prevalence of hypertension.AIM To performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis to investi-gate the causal link between GERD and essential hypertension.METHODS Eligible single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were selected,and weighted median,inverse variance weighted(IVW)as well as MR egger(MR-Egger)re-gression were used to examine the potential causal association between GERD and hypertension.The MR-Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier analysis was used to detect and attempt to reduce horizontal pleiotropy by removing outliers SNPs.The MR-Egger intercept test,Cochran’s Q test and“leave-one-out”sen-sitivity analysis were performed to evaluate the horizontal pleiotropy,heterogen-eities,and stability of single instrumental variable.RESULTS IVW analysis exhibited an increased risk of hypertension(OR=1.46,95%CI:1.33-1.59,P=2.14E-16)in GERD patients.And the same result was obtained in replication practice(OR=1.002,95%CI:1.0008-1.003,P=0.000498).Meanwhile,the IVW analysis showed an increased risk of systolic blood pressure(β=0.78,95%CI:0.11-1.44,P=0.021)and hypertensive heart disease(OR=1.68,95%CI:1.36-2.08,P=0.0000016)in GERD patients.Moreover,we found an decreased risk of Barrett's esophagus(OR=0.91,95%CI:0.83-0.99,P=0.043)in essential hypertension patients.CONCLUSION We found that GERD would increase the risk of essential hypertension,which provided a novel prevent and therapeutic perspectives of essential hypertension.

基于UPLC-ESI-MS/MS技术黑豆种皮的化学成分分析

采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾-串联质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)技术对黑豆种皮体积分数70%乙醇提取物中的化合物进行分析。结果表明:黑豆种皮体积分数70%乙醇提取物中32个化合物主要为多酚类,其中,酚酸类化合物的相对含量为13.38%,黄酮类化合物的相对含量为39.59%。儿茶素的相对含量最高(10.15%),反式阿魏酸的相对含量次之(7.86%),二氢黄豆苷元和原花青素B 1的相对含量也较高(分别为5.52%和5.36%)。黑豆种皮中主要的多酚类物质为酚酸类和黄酮类化合物,具有进一步开发利用的价值。

以ESI视角探析高校学科发展路径——以常州大学为例

在国家“双一流”建设期间,各级教育主管部门和高校在评价学校建设成效过程中越来越多地采纳ESI学科评价体系。文章以常州大学为例深入解析ESI评价指标,提出了切实可行的ESI学科国际影响力提升策略及学科建设宏观举措,为我国高校对标世界一流、探索研究学科发展路径提供参考。

基于ESI学科发展态势的高校图书馆学科服务优化研究——以山东农业大学为例

ESI学科建设作为高校学科发展的目标,实现潜力学科向ESI前1%学科、ESI前1%学科向ESI前0.1%学科迈进是学科建设的重要一环,学科服务也成为高校图书馆的工作重点。文章拟从ESI学科论文数、被引频次、高被引论文、热点论文等维度来反映山东农业大学的科研生产力、科研影响力、科研创新力及科研发展力。以国内“双一流”建设农林高校为对标高校,分析山东农业大学ESI前0.1%学科与对标高校存在的差距,对比对标高校图书馆提供的学科服务内容,通过去粗取精,探索适合山东农业大学图书馆的策略。

四川省与陕西省高校学科建设与竞争力对比分析--基于ESI和InCites数据库

学科是高校的基本组成单元,是承载学校科学研究和人才培养的重要平台,也是各高校新一轮“双一流”建设中重点关注的核心焦点。该研究基于ESI和InCites数据库,以陕西省作为主要对标对象,分析四川省高校的学科建设现状。从学科生产力、学科影响力、学科创新力和学科发展力四个维度构建学科竞争力评价指标体系,评估四川省的学科竞争力水平和现实差距,为四川省教育的高质量发展提供数据参考和建议,推动四川省高等教育内涵式发展提档升级。

Oxygen is an essential gasotransmitter directly sensed via protein gasoreceptors

The current restrictive criteria for gasotransmitters exclude oxygen(O_(2))as a gasotransmitter in vertebrates.In this manuscript,I propose a revision of gasotransmitter criteria to include O_(2) per se as a signaling molecule and'essential gasotransmitter'for vertebrates.This revision would enable us to search for protein-based O_(2)-binding sensors(gasoreceptors)in all cells in the brain or other tissues rather than specialized tissues such as the carotid body or gills.If microorganisms have protein-based O_(2)-binding sensors or gasoreceptors such as DosP or FixL or FNR with diverse signaling domains,then eukaryotic cells must also have O_(2)-binding sensors or gasoreceptors.Just as there are proteinbased receptor(s)for nitric oxide(GUCY1A,GUCY1B,CLOCK,NR1D2)in cells of diverse tissues,it is reasonable to consider that there are protein-based receptors for O_(2) in cells of diverse tissues as well.In mammals,O_(2) must be acting as a gasotransmitter or gaseous signaling molecule via protein-based gasoreceptors such as androglobin that very likely mediate acute sensing of O_(2).Accepting O_(2) as an essential gasotransmitter will enable us to search for gasoreceptors not only for O_(2) but also for other nonessential gasotransmitters such as hydrogen sulfide,ammonia,methane,and ethylene.It will also allow us to investigate the role of environment-derived metal ions in acute gas(or solute)sensing within and between organisms.Finally,accepting O_(2) per se as a signaling molecule acting via gasoreceptors will open up the field of gasocrinology.

Mechanism of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil for analgesia based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry integrated network pharmacology

This study aims to explore the analgesic ingredients and mechanism of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil(CCEO).The constituents in CCEO were characterized qualitatively by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Targets related to active ingredients were collected by PubChem and Swiss Target Prediction.Targets related to pain were screened by TTD and OMIM database,and compound-target network was established by Cytoscape software.Gene ontology(GO)function and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis of targets were carried out by DAVID database.Protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was established and analyzed by STRING database.Molecular docking method was used to verify the interaction between main components and relevant core targets.A total of 13 compounds were identified in CCEO,and 58 related targets were predicted.GO function enrichment analysis revealed that the selected targets were mainly involved in biological processes such as chemical synaptic transmission and molecular function such as neurotransmitter receptor activity;24 signal pathways were screened by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis,including neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,retrograde endocannabinoid signaling and calcium signaling pathway.Docking results showed that the main constituents had certain affinities with the key targets.The active ingredients in CCEO regulated multiple signaling pathways to ameliorate pain through AR,ACHE,ESR1,GABRG2,PTGS2 and PPARγ.

UPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS快速表征鉴定九华黄精的化学成分

目的采用超高效液相色谱电喷雾电离四极杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS)结合UNIFI软件对九华黄精中的主要化学成分进行快速表征和鉴定。方法采用ZORBAX SB-C_(18)(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱进行分离,柱温30℃,以乙腈-水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 mL·min^(-1);质谱采用正、负离子MS^(E)的全扫描模式分别采集质谱数据。结果正、负离子下共表征鉴定47个化学成分,包括甾体皂苷类15个、黄酮类8个、有机酸类9个,生物碱类4个,氨基酸类1个,其他类10个,其中3个经对照品鉴定,8种化合物为首次从九华黄精中发现。结论该方法实现了九华黄精中主要化学成分的快速质谱表征和鉴定,为九华黄精的质量评价和药效物质基础研究奠定了基础。

Profiles of the Headspace Volatile Organic and Essential Oil Compounds from the Tunisian Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. and Its Leaf and Stem Epidermal Micromorphology

In this work, we investigated aroma volatiles emanated by dry roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits of Cardariadraba (L.) Desv. growing wild in Tunisia and its aerial part essential oils (EOs) composition. A total of 37 volatileorganic compounds (96.7%–98.9%) were identified;4 esters, 4 alcohols, 7 hydrocarbons, 12 aldehydes, 5 ketones,1 lactone, 1 organosulfur compound, 2 organonitrogen compounds, and 1 acid. The hydrocarbons form the maingroup, representing 49.5%–84.6% of the total detected volatiles. The main constituent was 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane(44.5%–76.2%) reaching the highest relative percentages. Forty-two compounds were determined in thetwo fractions of EOs, representing 98.8% and 97.2% of the total oil composition, respectively. The principal componentswere hexadecanoic acid (34.6%), 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (18.3%), decanal (15.0%), 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (13.2%), and n-pentacosane (13%). Micromorphological details of the leaf and stem epidermisusing light microscopy revealed polygonal cells with sinuous walls in the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces andnearly rectangular and long ones with linear and thick walls for the stem epidermis. The stomata complexes wereanisocytic in the leaf epidermis and mainly anisocytic and rarely paracytic in the stem epidermis. Non-glandulartrichomes were unbranched and long with an acute apex or short with a convex apex. The glandular ones wereidentified for the first time in this species. They were short-stalked with a large secretory head. The highest stomatalindex (17.02%) was recorded in the abaxial leaf surface. The identification of headspace volatiles and essentialoil compounds can be used to characterize this species, and the various epidermis micromorphologicalfeatures are very useful for biosystematics taxonomic studies within Brassicaceae.

Antibacterial,antioxidant and antiproliferation activities of essential oils and ethanolic extracts from Chinese mugwort(Artemisia vulgaris L.)leaf in Shanxi

Background:Artemisia vulgaris,a medicinal aromatic plant,is widely used as a food item,tonic pharmaceutical,and cosmetic industry additive owing to its antibacterial,antihypertensive,hepatoprotective,antioxidant,and antispasmodic properties.But the effect of different geographic locations on the chemical composition and bioactivities of its extracts is unclear.Methods:Biological activities of essential oils and ethanol extracts of three varieties of Artemisia vulgaris leaves,which are grown in Shanxi province China,were studied.Results:Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the main components of essential oils were terpenes and ketones.Essential oils and ethanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris leaves possessed good antioxidant activities,and their half maximal inhibitory concentrations determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate)assays were 57.0 and 22.9μg/mL,respectively.The essential oils also exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against three foodborne pathogenic bacterial strains.The ethanol extract presented a high anticancer activity against the MGC-803 human gastric cancer cell line.Conclusion:These biological activities were well correlated with the composition of the extract and EOs,which in turn is affected by the genetic composition of Artemisia vulgaris and geographic location and diverse climatic condition under which it is grown.These findings demonstrate the remarkable potential of Artemisia vulgaris as a valuable source of antioxidant,antibacterial,and anticancer agents.

Cardioprotective Potential of Cymbopogon citratus Essential Oil against Isoproterenol-induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy:Possible Involvement of NLRP3 Inflammasome and Oxidative Phosphorylation Complex Subunits

Objective:Cymbopogon citratus(DC.)Stapf is a medicinal and edible herb that is widely used for the treatment of gastric,nervous and hypertensive disorders.In this study,we investigated the cardioprotective effects and mechanisms of the essential oil,the main active ingredient of Cymbopogon citratus,on isoproterenol(ISO)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.Methods:The compositions of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil(CCEO)were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Cardiomyocytes were pretreated with 16.9µg/L CCEO for 1 h followed by 10µmol/L ISO for 24 h.Cardiac hypertrophy-related indicators and NLRP3 inflammasome expression were evaluated.Subsequently,transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq)and target verification were used to further explore the underlying mechanism.Results:Our results showed that the CCEO mainly included citronellal(45.66%),geraniol(23.32%),and citronellol(10.37%).CCEO inhibited ISO-induced increases in cell surface area and protein content,as well as the upregulation of fetal gene expression.Moreover,CCEO inhibited ISO-induced NLRP3 inflammasome expression,as evidenced by decreased lactate dehydrogenase content and downregulated mRNA levels of NLRP3,ASC,CASP1,GSDMD,and IL-1β,as well as reduced protein levels of NLRP3,ASC,pro-caspase-1,caspase-1(p20),GSDMD-FL,GSDMD-N,and pro-IL-1β.The RNA-seq results showed that CCEO inhibited the increase in the mRNA levels of 26 oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits in ISO-treated cardiomyocytes.Our further experiments confirmed that CCEO suppressed ISO-induced upregulation of mt-Nd1,Sdhd,mt-Cytb,Uqcrq,and mt-Atp6 but had no obvious effects on mt-Col expression.Conclusion:CCEO inhibits ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome expression and the regulation of several oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits.

Essential proteins identification method based on four-order distances and subcellular localization information

Essential proteins are inseparable in cell growth and survival. The study of essential proteins is important for understanding cellular functions and biological mechanisms. Therefore, various computable methods have been proposed to identify essential proteins. Unfortunately, most methods based on network topology only consider the interactions between a protein and its neighboring proteins, and not the interactions with its higher-order distance proteins. In this paper, we propose the DSEP algorithm in which we integrated network topology properties and subcellular localization information in protein–protein interaction(PPI) networks based on four-order distances, and then used random walks to identify the essential proteins. We also propose a method to calculate the finite-order distance of the network, which can greatly reduce the time complexity of our algorithm. We conducted a comprehensive comparison of the DSEP algorithm with 11 existing classical algorithms to identify essential proteins with multiple evaluation methods. The results show that DSEP is superior to these 11 methods.

Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound for essential tremor:a prospective,single center,single-arm study

The safety and effectiveness of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy has been broadly established and validated for the treatment of essential tremor.In 2018,the first magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound system in Chinese mainland was installed at the First Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital.This prospective,single center,open-label,single-arm study was part of a worldwide prospective multicenter clinical trial(ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT03253991)conducted to confirm the safety and efficacy of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound for treating essential tremor in the local population.From 2019 to 2020,10 patients with medication refractory essential tremor were recruited into this open-label,single arm study.The treatment efficacy was determined using the Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor.Safety was evaluated according to the incidence and severity of adverse events.All of the subjects underwent a unilateral thalamotomy targeting the ventral intermediate nucleus.At the baseline assessment,the estimated marginal mean of the Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor total score was 58.3±3.6,and this improved after treatment to 23.1±6.4 at a 12-month follow-up assessment.A total of 50 adverse events were recorded,and 2 were defined as serious.The most common intraoperative adverse events were nausea and headache.The most frequent postoperative adverse events were paresthesia and equilibrium disorder.Most of the adverse events were mild and usually disappeared within a few days.Our findings suggest that magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound for the treatment of essential tremor is effective,with a good safety profile,for patients in Chinese mainland.

基于ESI与InCites视角的普通高校学科竞争力和潜力学科定量分析

文章基于WoS、ESI和InCites数据库近10年的数据,从论文总量、被引频次、载文期刊等角度分析了北京市属高校北京信息科技大学的学科建设状况和科研竞争力水平,并通过与北京市属同类院校的对比分析,明确了其在北京市属高校中所处的位置。根据分析结果从学科布局、发文期刊、交流合作等方面,对北京信息科技大学的学科建设提出了建议,以期为建设ESI学科的政策制定提供可靠依据。