Effects of Ethephon on Aerenchyma Formation in Rice Roots

The effects of ethephon on the constitutive aerenchyma formation in roots were studied with a rice variety Yangdao 6 as material. The number of air spaces formed by disintegrated cells in mediopellis increased significantly with the rising ethephon concentrations, whereas superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity showed downward trends. Compared with the control, the expression levels of xyloglucan endotransglycosylase （XED gene were markedly higher both at the apical 10 mm and distal parts of roots in 100 mg/L ethephon treated plants. The accumulation of XET was supposed to be associated with the aerenchyma development. Furthermore, earlier cortical cell death was observed under the ethephon treatments, and most of nuclei of cells at 4 mm from the root apex disintegrated with many Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and membranebound vesicles around the cell wall.

Dissipation and residue of ethephon in maize field

A rapid and reliable method was developed for analysis of ethephon residues in maize, in combination with the investigation of its dissipation in field condition and stabilities during the sample storage. The residue analytical method in maize plant, maize kernel and soil was developed based on the quantification of ethylene produced from the derivatization of ethephon residue by adding the saturated potassium hydroxide solution to the sample. The determination was carried out by using the head space gas chromatography with flame ionization detector （HS-GC-FID）. The limit of quantification （LOQ） of the method for maize plant was 0.05, 0.02 mg kg-1 for maize kernel and 0.05 mg kg-1 for soil, respectively. The fortified recoveries of the method were from 84.6-102.6%, with relative standard deviations of 7.9-3.8%. Using the methods, the dissipation of ephethon in maize plant or soil was investigated. The half life of ethephon degradation was from 0.6 to 3.3 d for plant and 0.7 to 5.7 d for soil, respectively. The storage stabilities of ethephon residues were determined in fresh and dry kernels with homogenization and without homogenization process. And the result showed that ethephon residues in maize kernels were stable under-18℃ for 6 mon. The results were helpful to monitor the residue dissipation of ethephon in the maize ecosystem for further ecological risk assessment.

Effect of 1-MCP on Cotton Plants under Abiotic Stress Caused by Ethephon

Many environmental stress factors have been identified to increase square and boll abscission and thus result in reduced cotton yield. Under stress conditions, ethylene is elicited. Ethylene peaks before abscission to promote the formation of the abscission layer and plays a major role in early season square and boll abortion in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). In addition, ethylene stimulates the leaf senescence process. Thus, it is desirable to protect plants from ethylene-induced fruit loss and premature leaf senescence under stress conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) to protect cotton plants against abiotic stress caused by ethephon (ethylene promoting effect). Field studies using a randomized complete block design with four replications were conducted in 2010 and 2011 at Texas A&M AgriLIFE Research Farm in Burleson County, TX. Eight treatments that consisted of two 1-MCP rates (0 and 10 g a.i. ha-1) in combination with four ethephon rates (0, 146, 292, 438 mL&middotha-1) were imposed at the first flower (FF) stage of the development. 1-MCP increased plant height and number of main stem nodes in both years. In addition, 1-MCP-treated plants exhibited greater membrane integrity and increased photosystem II quantum efficiency and thus delayed senescence in both years. These potentials for yield increase were realized in 2011 with 1-MCP treatment exhibiting a higher lint yield. In 2012, although 1-MCP treatment increased number of open fruit and open fruit weight per plant significantly, no significant lint yield increase was detected.

Comparative Study on Effect of Ethephon Treatment on Growth of Two Grape Varieties Kyoho and Shine-Muscat

[Objectives]This study aimed to study the effect of ethephon treatment on the growth of two main grape varieties Kyoho and Shine-Muscat.[Methods]Two-year-old Kyoho and Shine-Muscat grape plants transplanted in the film-covered steel-framed greenhouse were used as the test materials.They were pruned horizontally and linearly.In the late growth period,the new shoots were sprayed with ethephon(1500×).During the germination period,10 plants were randomly selected for each variety to investigate the germination situation.Before flowering,20 new shoots with uniform growth were randomly selected for each variety to investigate the growth.During the fruit maturity period,10 clusters of fruits were randomly selected for each variety to determine the related indices of fruit quality.[Results]After the treatment with ethephon,the germination,new shoot growth and fruit quality differed between the two varieties.Overall,the thickness of main stem,main vine and new shoot of Shine-Muscat was greater than that of Kyoho,and the length of new shoot of Kyoho was significantly greater than that of Shine-Muscat.[Conclusions]The growth of Shine-Muscat was more robust.There was little difference in the ear weight of natural fruit setting between the two varieties.Shine-Muscat showed high sugar and low acid contents than Kyoho.

Method for Analysis of Ethephon Residue in Walnuts

[Objectives] This study was conducted to establish an analytical method for the determination of ethephon residue in walnuts by UPLC-MS/MS. [Methods] This study was conducted to establish an analytical method for the determination of ethephon residue in walnuts by UPLC-MS/MS. [Results] The limit of quantification was 0.1 mg/kg and the recoveries were 94%-105% with the relative standard deviations of 0.82%-2.64% at the spiked levels of 0.1-5.0 mg/kg. [Conclusions] The accuracy and sensitivity of the method meet the requirements of pesticide residue analysis, and the experimental method is simple to operate.

Ethephon Effect on Peanut Seed Dormancy Release

Dormancy is undesirable character for the peanut seed(Arachis hypogeae).KK 84-7 and KK 6 varieties are characterized to the Virginia type and its dormant period has been one to two months after harvest.The recommendation for breaking peanut seed dormancy by the International Seed Testing Association(ISTA)rules is preheat at 40°C up to 168 h.The total germination test is 17 d,if breaking dormant seed is required.Effect of ethephon on peanut seed dormancy release was studied in this experiment to reduce the analysis time compared to preheat method.Both varieties of peanut seeds were directly mixed with 0.96%ethephon and preheated at 40°C for 168 h.Standard germinations were conducted for all treated and untreated seeds.Ethephon was the most beneficial to release dormant seed at fresh harvest that achieved 86%and 84%normal seedlings for KK 84-7 and KK 6,respectively.The normal seedlings of preheat treatment showed 75%for KK 84-7,and 66%for KK 6.Only 6%normal seedlings were observed in untreated seeds of KK 84-7 and 56%of KK 6.After storage at 20°C for 28 d,KK 84-7 had over 90%normal seedlings with both ethephon and preheat methods,but only 42%germination was observed in untreated seeds.In KK 6,the highest germination by 90%was found in ethephon,followed by untreated and preheated seeds that were 87%and 83%,respectively.The paired t test of normal seedlings between ethephon and preheat treatments demonstrated that the greater average germination was found in ethephon method for both varieties.This research suggests that ethephon is the advantageous method for breaking peanut seed dormancy.The germination test duration is more rapid,only 10 d,since preheat for 168 h is not necessary.

乙烯利对5个菠萝品种成花及品质的影响

【目的】筛选出不同菠萝品种适宜的乙烯利催花质量浓度,为菠萝成熟期调节及新品种推广提供参考依据。【方法】利用25~1000 mg·L^(-1)乙烯利对Josapine、台农4号、MD-2、台农21号和台农22号5个菠萝品种进行灌心处理,探究不同乙烯利质量浓度对各菠萝品种成花率、抽蕾期、果实内外品质及畸形率的影响。【结果】除台农22号外,各菠萝品种随着乙烯利质量浓度的增加成花率显著提升。其中,Josapine和台农4号诱导成花的最佳质量浓度为400 mg·L^(-1),MD-2和台农21号诱导成花的最佳质量浓度为800 mg·L^(-1)。当处理质量浓度大于400 mg·L^(-1)时,Josapine、台农4号和台农21号抽蕾期进一步缩短,MD-2抽蕾期则逐渐延长。当乙烯利质量浓度大于200 mg·L^(-1)时,Josapine、MD-2和台农22号纵横径、单果质量等形态指标呈下降趋势。随着乙烯利质量浓度的升高,各品种可滴定酸含量呈下降趋势;相反地,可溶性固形物含量随质量浓度的升高呈上升的趋势。此外,5个菠萝品种在乙烯利诱导下均有畸形果产生,其中Josapine在高质量浓度乙烯利作用下,畸形率最高,达到65.52%,而MD-2畸形率仅为6.67%。【结论】Josapine最适乙烯利催花质量浓度为400 mg·L^(-1);台农4号、MD-2和台农21号最适质量浓度为800 mg·L^(-1);而单一乙烯利不能诱导台农22号成花。

玉米ACO基因家族生物信息学及表达模式分析

【目的】对玉米1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸氧化酶ACO基因家族进行全基因组鉴定,分析其在玉米不同器官和不同发育时期以及响应外源激素和病菌侵染中的表达模式,为明确玉米ACO基因家族功能打下基础。【方法】利用生物信息学方法,在玉米B73自交系基因组中鉴定ACO,对其基因结构、蛋白质理化性质、家族成员间的亲缘关系以及保守基序进行分析,利用实时荧光定量PCR(real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,qRT-PCR)技术分析ZmACO基因家族的表达模式。【结果】除ZmACO11外,ZmACO家族成员均具有Fe2+离子结合位点和底物抗坏血酸结合位点。系统发育分析显示,ZmACO_(2)与ScACO在同一分支,亲缘关系较近,Bootstrap值达98。基因表达分析表明,ZmACO_(2)、5、9、15、20、35在各发育时期均活跃表达,且在叶片中呈优势表达,因此选择上述6个基因进行下一步检测。喷施乙烯利后,上述6个基因的表达均有所波动,其中ZmACO_(2)的表达量受影响较大,变化幅度在8倍左右。在乙烯利处理的0—24 h内这6个基因的表达量存在波动,但在处理后24 h,6个基因的表达量均接近0。水杨酸处理后,ZmACO5的表达量受影响较大,变化倍数在2倍左右。其他基因的表达量在处理后24 h均接近0。ZmACO9、35在3—12 h的表达量存在波动,ZmACO_(2)、15、20表达量呈下调趋势。在响应生物胁迫方面,接种玉米大斑病菌(Setosphaeria turcica)后,ZmACO5、9的表达量变化幅度最大,在接种后第10天,这两个基因的表达量分别升至对照组的50和60倍。接种玉米小斑病菌(Cochlibolus heterostrophus)后,ZmACO5的表达量变化幅度较大,变化倍数在40—90倍。接种立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)后,ZmACO5、35表达量变化幅度最大,在病菌接种的第3天达到200倍。【结论】ZmACO_(2)、5、20、35在玉米生长发育过程中表达变化最活跃;施加外源乙烯利和水杨酸可以对ZmACO的表达水平造成显著影响。病菌侵染玉米后ZmACO的表达水平产生显著变化,与生物胁迫应答关系密切。

油茶成熟期喷施乙烯利对果实成熟及品质的影响

【目的】提高果实成熟整齐度,促进油茶鲜果机械化采收。【方法】以‘长林18号’‘赣石83-4’‘赣石447’为试验对象,在果实成熟期喷施0.2、0.6、0.8、1.2 g/L乙烯利和等量清水,调查油茶果实开裂动态,测定果实表观性状指标、种仁内营养物质含量和脂肪酸组分及含量,揭示乙烯利对油茶果实成熟和品质的影响。【结果】1.2 g/L乙烯利处理促进油茶果实开裂的效果最好,1.2 g/L处理的裂果率达到50%的所需时间比对照缩短了4 d,比0.6、0.8 g/L处理缩短了2 d。喷施乙烯利后,油茶的单果鲜质量、鲜果出籽率、鲜果出仁率、果实含水率以及连续2 a的单株产量无明显变化,种仁可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、油脂含量及各脂肪酸组分含量有不同程度的变化;‘长林18号’种仁的可溶性糖含量减少,油脂和可溶性蛋白含量有所增加;‘赣石447’种仁的可溶性糖和油脂含量整体上分别呈现减少和增加的趋势;‘赣石83-4’种仁的可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量均减少,油脂含量增加。‘长林18号’和‘赣石447’种仁的饱和脂肪酸含量明显升高,不饱和脂肪酸含量显著降低;‘赣石83-4’种仁的饱和脂肪酸与不饱和脂肪酸含量的变化不明显。【结论】在不影响果实产量和品质的前提下,可在成熟期对‘长林18号’和‘赣石83-4’喷施质量浓度为1.2 g/L的乙烯利溶液,对‘赣石447’喷施质量浓度为0.8 g/L的乙烯利溶液,来缩短油茶成熟进程,使其果实同步成熟。

两种催花剂处理对“台农4号”菠萝催花效果的影响

针对生产上“台农4号”菠萝诱导催花通常采用电石处理2~3次,操作复杂,且不利于绿色安全生产,采用植物生长调节剂乙烯利进行“台农4号”菠萝诱导催花处理,测定比较不同浓度乙烯利和电石处理的结果性状和果实内外品质。结果表明,“台农4号”菠萝对乙烯利催花较敏感,较低浓度(30 mg/kg)乙烯利处理的抽蕾率可以达到99%以上,而高浓度(960 mg/kg和480 mg/kg)乙烯利和电石处理的平均单果质量无显著性差异,均在1.08 kg以上,低浓度(240、30 mg/kg)乙烯利处理的单果质量较低。在果实外观方面,480、960 mg/kg乙烯利催花处理的圆筒果率显著高于其他处理,均超过94%,较1.25%电石灌心2次处理高32%,说明高浓度乙烯利处理可以显著提高圆筒果率。在果实内在品质方面,乙烯利催花处理的维生素C含量、总糖含量、糖酸比、可溶性固形物含量显著高于电石催花处理。相关性分析表明,乙烯利催花处理浓度与果实维生素C含量、总糖含量、糖酸比和可溶性固形物呈极显著正相关,而与柠檬酸含量呈极显著负相关。综合来看,“台农4号”菠萝采用960 mg/kg乙烯利(40%乙烯利水剂500倍液)+0.2%尿素灌心催花处理效果较佳,抽蕾率99.69%,圆筒果率99.38%,平均单果质量1.22 kg,维生素C 40.45 mg/100 g,可溶性固形物17.93%,总糖17.84%,柠檬酸0.61%,糖酸比29.51,建议生产上可替代电石催花。

乙烯利处理对去皮莲藕酚类和活性氧代谢的影响

目的探究乙烯利(ethephon,ET)处理对去皮莲藕(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn)贮藏品质的影响及潜在作用机制。方法以鄂莲5号莲藕为实验材料,每12 h测定其在20℃贮藏期间的色泽、总酚含量、多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(phenylalnine ammonialyase,PAL)、超氧阴离子(superoxide production,O_(2)^(-)·)的产生速率、过氧化氢(hydrogen peroxide,H2O_(2))含量、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量、羟基自由基(hydroxyl radical,·OH)生成速率、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)和过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)的变化规律。结果4.0 g/L ET溶液浸泡去皮莲藕5 min有效抑制了去皮莲藕的褐变,显著延缓了L^(*)的下降,在72 h贮藏后约为对照组的1.04倍(P<0.05)。在整个贮藏期间,与对照相比,ET处理提高了PAL和PPO的活性,诱导总酚物质含量的增加,ET处理组在60 h的总酚含量达到最高值,其含量为165.01 mg/kg,约为CK组的1.18倍。ET处理提高了去皮莲藕POD、SOD和CAT的活性,同时增强了1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除率。ET抑制O_(2)^(-)·,降低·OH、MDA和H_(2)O_(2)含量。结论4.0 g/L ET处理可以通过诱导酚类物质的生成和提高自身的抗氧化能力来延缓去皮莲藕的品质劣变,可为维持果蔬品质方面的应用提供理论参考。

植物生长调节剂在大豆中的应用

植物生长调节剂可显著提升大豆产量,对保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。文章综述大豆中应用的植物生长调节剂类型及常用植物生长调节剂研究现状,展望大豆化控发展前景,旨在为植物生长调节剂在大豆生产中的应用提供理论依据。

Abscisic acid and ethephon regulation of cellulase in the endosperm cap and radicle during lettuce seed germination

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of cellulase in endosperm cap weakening and radicle elongation during lettuce （Lactuco sotiva L.） seed germination. The application of abscisic acid （ABA） or ethephon inhibits or promotes germination, respectively, by affecting endosperm cap weakening and radicle elongation. Cellulase activities, and related protein and transcript abundances of two lettuce cellulase genes, LsCEL1 and LsCEL2, increase in the endosperm cap and radicle prior to radicle protrusion following imbibition in water, ABA or ethephon reduce or elevate, respectively, cellulase activity, and related protein and transcript abundan- ces in the endosperm cap. Taken together, these observations suggest that celiulase plays a role in endosperm cap weakening and radicle elongation during lettuce seed germination, and that the regulation of cellulase in the endosperm cap by ABA and ethephon play a role in endosperm cap weakening. However, the influence of ABA and ethephon on radicle elongation may not be through their effects on cellulase.

Modulation of Sex Expression in Four Forms of Watermelon by Gibberellin, Ethephone and Silver Nitrate

There has been no systematic research on the effect of plant growth regulators and silver nitrate treatments on the control of sex expression in watermelon. In this study, we tested sex expression responses of four watermelon forms(monoecism, gynoecism, andromonoecism,and hermaphrodite) to gibberellin, ethephon and silver nitrate treatments. Results have shown that, in monoecious plants, gibberellins(GA_3)and ethephon treatments reduced the percentage of female flowers and delayed the occurrence of the first female flower, while silver nitrate induced the formation of bisexual flowers. In gynoecious plants, both ethephon and silver nitrate treatments transformed some female flowers into bisexual flowers, and treatment with ethephon resulted in a mass of abnormal flowers, while no obvious effect of treatment with GA_3 was observed. In andromonoecious plants, ethephon and GA_3 treatments delayed the occurrence of the first bisexual flower, and GA_3 reduced the percentage of bisexual flowers, while no distinct effect for silver nitrate treatment was observed. In hermaphroditic plants, ethephon treatment induced the appearance of numerous abnormal flowers, while no obvious effects for GA_3 and silver nitrate treatments were observed.We analyzed the transcription levels of all the expressed aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase(ACS) homologues in two gynoecious mutants and their wild types. We also tested the gene expression of CitACS4 which had been recognized as the andromonoecious gene in all treatments. All these results suggested that the best masculinizing treatment for breeding of the gynoecious line is silver nitrate, which repressed the expression of CitACS4 and induced many bisexual flowers for use in self-fertilization subsequently.

Effects of Ethephon and Abscisic Acid Application on Ripening-Related Genes in ‘Kohi' Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) on the Vine

The effects of ethephon and abscisic acid(ABA) application on ripening-related genes of pre-harvest ‘Kohi' kiwifruit(Actinidia chinensis) were studied to clarify the possibility of the fruit ripening on the vine. The fruits were treated on the vine at mature stage with 250 μL·L^(-1)ethephon or 100 μmol·L^(-1)ABA, and the expression levels of chlorophyll synthase(Ac CLS), chlorophyllase1(Ac CLH1), polygalacturonase(Ac PG), expansin(Ac EXP),β-amylase(Acβ-AM), sucrose synthase(Ac SUSY), MADS-box SEPALLATA4/RIPENING INHIBITOR-like(Ac SEP4/RIN) and FRUITFUL-like(Ac TDR4/FUL) genes were analyzed. The expression levels of Ac PG, Ac EXP, Acβ-AM, and Ac SUSY increased in the ethephon-treated fruit, but those of Ac CLH1 at 6and 9 days after treatment and Ac CLS decreased. Moreover, the expression levels of Ac SEP4/RIN and Ac TDR4/FUL, the latter of which is associated with ethylene biosynthesis, were higher in the ethephon-treated fruit. The expression level of each gene in ABA-treated fruit was not significantly different from that of the untreated control. The results suggest that ethephon application increases the expression levels of Ac PG,Ac EXP, Acβ-AM, Ac SUSY, Ac SEP4/RIN, and Ac TDR4/FUL in ‘Kohi' kiwifruit on the vine.

外源物质对燕麦生长、抗倒伏性及产量的影响

为研究烯效唑和乙烯利对燕麦抗倒伏性及产量的影响,本试验以冀张莜15号为研究对象,在燕麦分蘖期、拔节期和孕穗期分别喷施200 mg/L烯效唑与600 mg/L乙烯利,探寻其对燕麦农艺性状、结构性物质、生理生化指标、抗倒伏性及产量构成因素的影响。结果表明,烯效唑与乙烯利均可降低燕麦株高和植株重心高度,增加结构性物质、全钾和脯氨酸含量,降低丙二醛含量,提高燕麦植株的抗倒伏能力,增加燕麦穗粒数和千粒重,从而提高单位面积产量。本研究条件下,综合比较认为A2(拔节期时喷施烯效唑200 mg/L)、B2(拔节期时喷施乙烯利600 mg/L)效果最好。

打顶和喷施乙烯利对工业大麻籽粒和麻糠产量的影响

为探究提高雌雄异株工业大麻品种籽粒和麻糠产量的农艺措施,以云麻8号为试验材料,开展大田试验研究开花前打顶和喷施乙烯利处理(0、100、200、400 mg/L)对籽粒和麻糠产量的影响。结果表明,打顶处理会导致雌株的籽粒和麻糠产量下降。喷施乙烯利显著增加了雌株数量,雌雄株数比值由1.04提高到1.60。随喷施乙烯利浓度的增加,雌株的籽粒和麻糠产量均先升高后降低。喷施200 mg/L乙烯利溶液的雌株籽粒和麻糠产量最高,分别为2158.4 kg/hm^(2)和1978.4 kg/hm^(2),较0 mg/L处理分别增加了50.8%和28.5%,较400 mg/L处理分别高283.5 kg/hm^(2)和549.0 kg/hm^(2)。喷施乙烯利还会导致部分雄株分化出雌花并结实,喷施400 mg/L乙烯利时雄株籽粒产量最高,达到910.5 kg/hm^(2),但雄株麻糠产量在喷施200 mg/L乙烯利时最高,为427.5 kg/hm^(2)。综合雌株和雄株的产量,喷施400 mg/L乙烯利的籽粒产量最高,喷施200 mg/L乙烯利的麻糠产量最高。

Analysis of differential expression of genes induced by ethephon in elongating internodes of maize plants

Plant growth regulators(PGRs) are commonly used in cereal cropping systems to restrict plant height and control lodging. Ethephon has been reported to shorten internodes and increase grain yield of maize. To analyze the transcriptomic profiles of maize internode elongation following ethephon treatment, differentially expressed genes were compared between the treatment and contro samples of inbred line Zong 31 using the Affymetrix Maize Genome Array. According to the microarray data 326 probe sets showed significant change in expression Further research revealed that the most remarkable effects of ethephon on maize internodes elongation occurred during a 48 h period, when 89 differentially expressed genes were detected. There were dramatic change in transcript levels at 24 h and six Auxin transport genes and four gibberellin biosynthesis pathway genes were differentially expressed in Zong 31 in response to ethephon treatment. In summary, we showed that gaseous ethylene release is involved in internode meristem cell elongation through the regulation of plant hormone signaling in maize. This work provides a platform for studies in which candidate genes will be functionally tested for involvement in internode elongation.

种植密度和喷施乙烯利对大豆产量和品质的影响

为了解种植密度和喷施乙烯利对大豆产量和品质的影响,以提高大豆高密度种植下的产量。本试验以宝豆10号为材料,设置了4个栽培密度:22.5万株/hm^(2)(D1)、24.0万株/hm^(2)(D_(2))、25.5万株/hm^(2)(D_(3))和27.0万株/hm^(2)(D_(4)),于大豆4~5片复叶期设置喷施清水(E_(0))和稀释500倍乙烯利(E1)处理,研究种植密度和乙烯利对大豆光合特性、产量和籽粒品质的影响。结果表明,较高种植密度下(D_(3)、D_(4)),E1处理的大豆叶片SPAD值和Pn优于E_(0)处理;E1处理的株高、节间长较E_(0)处理有所降低;E1处理的产量水平较E_(0)处理分别提高6.51%和30.19%。大豆品质性状方面,喷施乙烯利对籽粒的粗蛋白含量的影响存在统计学意义(P<0.01);种植密度对大豆籽粒粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和异黄酮含量的影响存在统计学意义(P<0.01)。综合来看,宝豆10号种植密度为27.0万株/hm^(2)时喷施乙烯利可改善叶片的光合性能和茎秆性状,其产量最高。

乙烯利喷施对油茶脂肪酸成分和果实生长发育的影响

为促进植物激素乙烯利调控油茶脂肪酸成分含量和果实生长发育,以‘湘林210’为试验材料,采用GC-MS分析技术和田间试验观测等手段,研究在油脂合成初期喷施1.5 g·L^(-1)乙烯利对油茶果实发育过程中种仁含油率、脂肪酸成分含量和果实性状指标的影响。结果表明,喷施乙烯利后虽然对果实成熟期种仁含油率无显著影响,但可显著提高处理后7和30 d的种仁含油率,分别提高了36.53%和3.37%;喷施乙烯利后可以显著提高果实成熟期种仁亚油酸、亚麻酸和棕榈酸含量,分别提高了11.92%、11.54%和3.53%;却显著降低了花生烯酸和硬脂酸含量,分别降低了13.79%和14.51%;喷施乙烯利后显著降低了油茶果实发育过程中的果皮厚度和种仁含水率,分别降低了22.03%和7.36%;但对鲜果质量、鲜籽质量、鲜出籽率、果实的横径和纵径,以及叶片叶绿素和胡萝卜素含量的影响不显著。