Curriculum Reform Practices in “Cosmetic Product Formulation Design and Preparation Technology” Under the Perspective of Integration of Industry, Education, and Research

With the upgrading of industries,the cosmetics industry has posed new requirements for technical talents.As a professional core course in cosmetic technology,“Cosmetic Product Formulation Design and Preparation Technology”serves as the foundation for cultivating students’abilities in cosmetic development and preparation.To foster high-quality skilled talents capable of adapting to the rapid growth of color cosmetics and to better promote the deep integration of scientific and technological industries with curriculum teaching,the teacher team embarked on active explorations and practical teaching research for curriculum teaching reform from four dimensions:strengthening top-level design,enriching teaching content,optimizing teaching design,and reforming assessment methods.These efforts have enhanced students’comprehensive vocational qualities and innovative consciousness,contributing to the teaching reform in higher vocational colleges under the integration of industry,education,and research.

Preparation of Potato Whole Flour and Its Effects on Quality of Flour Products: A Review

When harvested the potato has a high moisture content, this could make its transportation and storage difficult. To help solve the transportation difficulties, potato is made into whole flour by many food processing companies. Potato whole flour has high nutritional value and may be regarded as beneficial to human health and fitness. In addition to the direct use of potato whole flour,it can also be used as added ingredients into other food products. This study summarizes and analyzes the processing technology of potato whole flour and its application in noodle products.

Preparation of National CRMs of Active Compounds from Natural Products

根据 GB/T1500.3-2008 的标准和 ISO/REMCO 的指南，活跃混合物的国家证明参考书材料(CRM ) 的准备由下列二个方面组成：准备和证明。这篇论文论述 biochanin A 的准备的一个例子从自然产品说明活跃混合物的国家 CRM 的准备。第一，目标混合物从粗略的材料被提取并且净化。然后，它的化学结构被紫外光谱，红外光谱， ESIMS，和 NMR 识别。混合物的纯净被 HPLC 与区域正规化方法决定。从六个独立人士比较纯净价值估计的证明价值限制了实验室，无常的价值被给。热分析，剩余溶剂，同质测试和测试的稳定性在这个过程被测试。

Application of Several Additives Instead of Antibiotics in the Production of Laying Hens

[ Objective ] The test was conducted to study the effect of three different additives instead of antibiotics in the production of laying hens. [ Method ] Basal diets in four test groups were added with 0. 015 % oxytetracycline, 0. 01% microecological preparation, 0.2% fulvic acid, and 0. 1% Chinese herbal medi- cine extract respectively, and laying hens in control group were fed with basal diets. Effect of four different additives on performance and egg quality were studied under the temperature of 28.6℃. [ Result] The average egg-laying rate and feed-egg ratio in groups 2, 3 and 4 were significantly better than those in control group and group 1 （P 〈 0.05 ）. The contents of fat and cholesterol in eggs in groups 2, 3 and 4 were lower than those in control group and group 1. And the fat content of eggs in group 4 was 13.42% lower than that in control group, the difference was significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The protein contents in groups 2, 3 and 4 were signifi- cantly higher than those in control group and group 1 （P 〈 0.05 ）. [Condusion ] Microecological preparation, fulvic acid and Chinese herbal medicine extract could replace antibiotics to be applied in the production of laying hens.

Effect of Different Additive Combinations on Production Performance of Layer

To explore the effect of different additive combinations on double-low rapeseed cake （meal） utilization and layer production performance, we randomly divided 756 Roman brown shell layers around 50 weeks age into seven groups to detect production performance, of which group 1 was control group supplied with basic diet （added with 9% double-low rapeseed cake）, while groups 2 -7 were experimental groups added with Chinese herbal medicine, enzyme preparation, pro- biotics and peptide antibiotics in basic diet. The results showed that group 4 added with Chinese herbal medicine ＋ enzyme preparation ＋ peptide antibiotics re- ceived the best effect, resulting in significantly increased laying rate （70.50%, P 〈 0.05 ）, significantly reduced feed-egg ratio （2.46, P 〈 0.05 ）, and extremely increased egg Haugh unit （P 〈0.01 ）. This indicated that adding combination of Chinese herbal medicine ＋ enzyme preparation ＋ peptide antibiotics in layer bas- ic diet could improve egg production performance and egg quality of layers.

Effects of Fermented Nano Chinese Herbal Medicines Replacing Antibiotics on Production Performance and Carcass Quality of Growing-Finishing Pigs

[Objectives]To study the effects of fermented nano Chinese herbal medicines replacing antibiotics on the production performance and carcass quality of growing-finishing pigs.[Methods]200 healthy and disease-free Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire(DLY)growing-finishing pigs with similar birth time(45±2 d)and body weight of about 31.5 kg were randomly divided into group A(fed with non-antibiotic basal diet),group B(fed with antibiotic basal diet),group C(fed with non-antibiotic basal diet+0.1%fermented nano Chinese herbal medicine preparation),group D(fed with non-antibiotic basal diet+0.3%fermented nano Chinese herbal medicine preparation)and group E(fed with non-antibiotic basal diet+0.5%fermented nano Chinese herbal medicine preparation).The experiment lasted for 90 d.At the end of the experiment,the production performance and carcass indicators were measured.[Results]Compared with group A,the final weight,average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake(ADFI)of groups B,C,D and E were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),while the feed-to-gain ratio(F/G)was extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with group B,the ADG of group E was significantly increased(P<0.05),while the F/G was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with group A,the slaughter rate and carcass length of pigs in groups B,C,D and E were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01);compared with group B,the slaughter rate of groups D and E was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01).[Conclusions]The fermented nano Chinese herbal medicine preparation has better effects in promoting growth than that of antibiotic additives,and it can significantly improve the carcass quality of growing-finishing pigs.

Production of Synthesis Gases from Ethanol Steam Reforming Process

In this study, the production of synthesis gases has been purposed under between 250oC - 700oC and 1 - 2 bars pressures. The research was conducted over a commercial BASF catalyst and a laboratory prepared catalyst. The catalyst has a content of different substances including basically NiO/Al2O3 and some additionals (Ca, Mg, Cr, Si). The experimental measurements were carried out within a recently developed experimental equipment which can be operated up to 1200o and 1 to 3 bars pressures. The study was conducted over a commercial BASF catalyst and a laboratory prepared catalyst under different ethanol/water ratios, temperatures, and catalyst loads. Under the condition when ethanol/water ratios were decreased from 1/2 to 1/10, it was observed that hydrogen ratios increased in exit gas composition of the reactor. With increments in catalyst loads from 1 to 5 grammes, hydrogen ratios in exit gas composition gradually increased. Reaction of ethanol-steam reforming started nearly at 300oC, and when temperature increments continued further up to 700oC, hydrogen yields in exit gas compositions of the reactor increased significantly to a range of 70% - 80%. In the case of using commercial BASF catalyst, hydrogen ratios in exit gas composition were found slightly higher than laboratory prepared catalyst. According to our observations, life time of laboratory prepared catalyst was found higher than the commercial BASF catalyst. In this study which kinetic measurements were applied, some kinetic parameters of ethanol-steam reaction were calculated. The mean activation energy of ethanol consumptions at 573oK - 973oK was found as 26.87 kJ/mol, approximately. All kinetic measurements were analyzed with a first order reaction rate model. In this study, some diffusion limitations existed, however, overall reaction was chemically controlled.

酵母硒复合制剂对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响

为分析酵母硒复合制剂对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响。试验选取300羽28周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复15羽。对照组根据《海兰褐壳蛋鸡商品代饲养管理技术规程》(DB34/T1650~2012)配制基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加100、200、300mg/kg酵母硒复合制剂。预饲期7d,正试期60d。结果表明:(1)1~30d阶段,随着基础日粮中酵母硒复合制剂添加水平的提高,产蛋率有增加趋势(P <0.10)。31~60d阶段,与对照组相比,基础日粮添加200、300mg/kg酵母硒复合制剂可显著提高蛋鸡的产蛋率、平均日产蛋重(P <0.05),且显著降低了蛋鸡的料蛋比(P <0.05)。(2)试验第30天,与对照组相比,基础日粮添加200、300mg/kg酵母硒复合制剂可显著提高蛋黄颜色(P <0.05)。试验第60天,与对照组相比,基础日粮添加200、300mg/kg酵母硒复合制剂可显著提高鸡蛋重量、蛋白高度(P <0.05),基础日粮添加100、200、300mg/kg酵母硒复合制剂可显著提高了蛋黄颜色(P <0.05)。由此可见,基础日粮中添加200、300mg/kg酵母硒复合制剂均能提高蛋鸡生产性能,有效改善蛋品质。

湿基α-半水石膏制备高强石膏制品研究

为实现湿基α-半水石膏制备高强石膏制品,研究了湿基α-半水石膏陈化时间、粉磨时间、浇筑料浆温度及缓凝剂掺量等工艺参数对高强石膏凝结时间和强度的影响,并确定最佳制备工艺。此外,采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜等微观测试手段,揭示了各因素对强度的影响机理。结果表明:陈化时间越长,石膏凝结时间越短,制品强度越低;随着粉磨时间延长,石膏凝结时间显著缩短,制品强度先升高后降低;料浆温度越高,石膏凝结时间越长,制品强度越低。最佳制备工艺:陈化时间5 min、粉磨时间20 s、料浆温度20℃。在此基础上加入0.08%(质量分数)缓凝剂能够有效地延长石膏凝结时间并提高硬化强度,制备的石膏制品性能优异,绝干抗折强度为14.1 MPa,绝干抗压强度为58.3 MPa。微观测试结果表明,各工艺参数会通过改变石膏标稠用水量和水化进程来影响石膏内部结构的密实程度和二水石膏晶体的生长发育,最终影响制品硬化强度。

工业副产石膏制备高强石膏的方法及其应用技术

本文论述了高强石膏的制备方法,从高强石膏传统的制备工艺入手,分析了蒸压法(饱和蒸汽法)、常压盐/酸溶液法和加压盐/酸溶液法的优点及缺点,阐释了在高强石膏的制备过程中转晶剂的应用以及优化颗粒级配对提高α-半水石膏性能的重要性,论述了高强石膏的技术要求。在建材、模具铸造、航空航天、医疗以及美术制品等领域,高强石膏有非常广泛的应用,介绍了其出众的性能,最后讨论了水膏比对高强石膏硬化浆体强度的影响,以及高强石膏制品耐水性差的原因和解决方法。

水产预制食品品质控制及智能监测技术研究进展

近年来,预制菜因其食用方便、获取便捷的特点市场规模不断扩大,然而因氧化、微生物作用、内源酶降解导致的水产预制食品品质劣变问题日益凸显。随着水产预制食品产业的不断发展,调控水产预制食品品质,监测水产预制食品质量变化,对产品品质保持及预制菜产业发展具有重要意义。鉴于此,该研究从预制工艺、包装方式、杀菌技术角度探讨了水产预制食品品质调控方式,并从检测标签、机器学习、全链条监测角度总结了水产预制食品品质智能监测方法,以期为水产预制食品品质控制、智能监测及预制菜产业高质量发展提供参考和依据。

预制水产品加工技术研究进展

随着人们生活方式的转变以及对便捷生活的追求,预制菜行业快速发展,其中预制水产品因自身优势展现出其独有的竞争力。预制水产品行业的持续健康发展依赖于水产品加工技术在产品安全、营养保持和感官评价等方面的质量控制。该文对预制水产品的发展历程、概念及其分类进行概述,重点阐述了脱腥、预制加工、灭菌、包装及贮藏等加工技术在水产品预制加工中的应用,并对预制水产品的未来发展趋势进行展望。

低聚木糖的制备、生理功能及其在动物生产中的应用

低聚木糖(xylo-oligosaccharide,XOS)又称木寡糖或寡聚糖,由2~7个木糖以β-1,4糖苷键首尾相连而成,是一类具有益生元活性的短链聚合物。XOS具有热值低、稳定性强等特点,在动物肠道内不易被消化酶识别和分解,但可被肠道内的有益菌分解利用。XOS来源广泛,无毒副作用,能够提高肠道内双歧杆菌活性。作为一种绿色功能性低聚糖,XOS在医药、农业、饲料、食品等方面均有广泛的应用。XOS具有抑菌、抗炎、调节血糖、抗氧化等生理功能,在动物生产中具有极大的应用潜力。文章结合国内外关于XOS的研究进展,对XOS制备方法进行了归纳总结,并结合其生理功能对其在动物生产上的实际应用进行综述,为XOS在动物生产中的合理利用提供参考。

一株除草活性菌株HY-041的除草潜力及其生物学特性研究

【目的】探讨HY-041菌株的除草潜力及生物学特性,为其用于工业化生产提供理论依据。【方法】通过离体接种法,测定了菌株HY-041对野燕麦(Avena fatua L.)、藜(Chenopodium album L.)、密花香薷(Elsholtzia densa Benth.)、猪秧秧(Galium aparine L.)、冬葵(Malva verticillata L.var.crispa)、酸模叶蓼(Polygonum lapathifolium L.)和反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus L.)7种杂草叶片的致病力。采用生长速率法和孢子计数法,考察不同培养基、光照、温度、碳源、氮源、pH及致死温度等因子对菌丝生长和产孢量的影响。【结果】HY-041菌株接种离体叶片7 d致病性表现为:酸模叶蓼>冬葵>野燕麦>藜>猪秧秧>反枝苋>密花香薷。HY-041菌株在PSA培养基中生长发育最快,且菌丝稠密,菌株最适生长温度为20℃,最适产孢温度为25℃,在持续黑暗环境下,更有利于菌丝生长和孢子的产生,最适碳源为肌醇,最适氮源为硝酸钾和硝酸钠,菌株适宜生长pH值为9,最适产孢pH为8,致死温度为55℃下水溶10 min。【结论】本试验明确了HY-041菌株在离体条件下对7种杂草的致病性及该菌的生物学特性,通过优化提高了菌株的产孢量,为生防制剂的研究奠定理论基础。

低共熔溶剂在天然产物提取中的应用

随着人们环保意识的日益提高,许多行业在制造过程中从使用传统的有机溶剂逐渐过渡到更环保的溶剂。低共熔溶剂由于其低成本、可生物降解性和易于制备等特点,已经成为一类性质优异的绿色溶剂,具有广泛的应用价值。低共熔溶剂是由两种或两种以上组分组成的低共熔混合物,由于组分之间强烈的氢键作用,导致了低共熔溶剂的熔点显著降低,远低于单组分的熔点温度。本文综述了低共熔溶剂的分类,讨论了低共熔溶剂的各种制备方法、独特的物理化学性质和毒性。同时,本文介绍了近年来使用低共熔溶剂提取天然产物的研究,为全面了解低共熔溶剂在提取方面的应用提供思路和借鉴。

复合微生态制剂对奶山羊生产性能、乳成分、血清生化、免疫和抗氧化指标的影响

为探究复合微生态制剂对萨能奶山羊生产性能、乳成分、血清生化、免疫和抗氧化指标的影响,试验选取26头1~2胎次、日均产奶量(1.01±0.38)kg的萨能奶山羊,随机分为2组,每组13头,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组每头羊在基础饲粮中添加10 g/d复合微生态制剂。结果表明:试验组与对照组相比干物质采食量、产奶量、料奶比均无显著差异(P>0.05),体细胞、乳脂率、尿素氮和总固形物差异不显著(P>0.05),但乳蛋白在第21天和43天均有显著提高的趋势(P=0.094)和(P=0.069),非脂固形物在第21天和43天均有显著提高的趋势(P=0.082)和(P=0.070);血清生化中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白等指标均差异不显著(P>0.05),葡萄糖含量显著提高66.20%(P<0.05),尿素氮含量有降低的趋势(P=0.082);免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白M无显著差异(P>0.05),免疫球蛋白A的含量显著提高25.06%(P<0.01),白细胞介素-1和白细胞介素-6的含量显著降低了33.23%和15.80%(P<0.01);血清中丙二醇含量显著降低16.16%(P<0.05),超氧化物歧化酶显著升高35.01%(P<0.01),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶显著提高15.08%(P<0.05),总抗氧化能力两组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,复合微生态制剂对奶山羊生产性能无不利影响,能提高奶山羊免疫和抗氧化性能,具有促进反刍动物健康的作用。

竹笋及其加工副产物膳食纤维制备与高效利用研究进展

竹笋作为竹子的雏芽,是我国的传统食物,在加工的过程中会产生大量副产物,对于环境的影响较大。该文通过分析竹笋及其副产物的营养组成,发现竹笋加工产生的笋壳、笋头等副产物中膳食纤维(dietaryfiber,DF)含量较为丰富,是DF的良好资源。对竹笋DF的提取方法、功能特性及在食品中的应用进行系统总结,并展望大食物观背景下竹笋DF的发展与应用前景,以期为竹笋副产物的综合开发利用提供参考。

烟草源高产淀粉酶菌株的分离鉴定、发酵条件优化及固体淀粉酶制剂的制备

该研究从分离自植烟土壤的具有产淀粉酶能力的20株细菌和17株真菌中筛选高产淀粉酶的菌株,结合形态学观察、生理生化试验和分子生物学技术对筛选菌株进行鉴定,通过单因素试验对其产酶条件优化,并通过澄清、分离纯化制备固体淀粉酶制剂,研究其稳定性。结果表明,筛选到1株高产淀粉酶的菌株MK10163,其被鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens),其最佳产酶发酵条件为发酵时间44 h,发酵温度35℃,装液量50 mL/500 mL,摇床转速200 r/min,初始pH 6.0。在此条件下,淀粉酶活力为(224.63±7.34)U/mL,较优化前提高34.21%。通过1%氯化钙和1%磷酸氢二钠澄清和2倍体积的体积分数为95%乙醇醇沉,将沉淀冷冻干燥后得到固体淀粉酶制剂,其在储存60 d时仍具有91.12%的相对酶活,表明其具有较强的稳定性。

动物微生态制剂研究进展

动物微生态制剂是一类应用于养殖动物畜禽专用的微生态制剂,由活性益生菌和益生元组成的,利用益生菌群落生长繁殖对致病菌的抑制作用,保证正常生物群落生长繁殖,从而达到肠道菌群平衡,预防和治疗畜禽腹泻、提高免疫力等状况。动物微生态领域发展由来已久,产品众多,该文从动物微生态制剂研究现状入手,综合阐述了蛋白质类、多糖类和淀粉类物质作为包被壁材的研究现状;分析了乳化法、挤压法、喷雾干燥法、冷冻干燥法和复凝聚法等包被制作方法;同时也介绍了各类微生态制剂芯材的发展现状;叙述了微生态包被技术在生产中的应用,并对包被技术在微生态制剂领域的发展前景进行了展望。

药品连续制造技术在制剂生产中的应用进展

目的:综述连续制造技术在制剂生产中的应用进展。方法:查阅近年来国内外关于制药行业中连续制造生产工艺等相关文献,对其进行研读、归纳与总结。结论:连续制造技术具有可提高生产效率与稳定性、缩小占地空间以及安全性较高等优势,在其他领域已发展一定时间,但在制药行业尚处于起步阶段,获批上市的连续制造药物屈指可数。讨论:连续制造技术用于制药过程中存在不可忽视的挑战,但其发展前景可观,有较大的研究潜力。