Discussion on the Current Situation of Inclusive Education in Chinese Preschools

At present,the public is beginning to pay attention to education and the growth of young children,and inclusive education is gradually being valued by the public.Society needs to treat everyone equally,include all children,oppose discrimination and exclusion,and protect the right to education of children with special needs.By discovering and eliminating various learning obstacles,all children have more opportunities to participate in learning and realize the personalization of teaching models.The implementation of inclusive education in kindergartens can enable more children with special needs to adapt to and integrate into society.The article discusses the challenges faced by inclusive education in Chinese preschool under the perspective of inclusive education,in order to improve the quality of inclusive education and promote the healthy physical and mental development of children.

Debugging Strategies for Parents' Educational Anxiety in the Transition from Kindergarten to Primary School--Based on the Theory of Mature Forces

Due to the rapid growth of the economy and society,the burden of social security has been increasingly escalating,resulting in a continuous rise in parenting stress among certain groups of parents.On one hand,these parents aspire for their young children to grow through play;on the other hand,they are acutely aware that early childhood education constitutes the foundational stage of basic education and serves as the commencement phase of lifelong learning.Thus,they recognize the importance of emphasizing early childhood education.Therefore,preschool education has been given important significance.Parents place particular emphasis on education during this stage.They actively leverage their educational,financial,and social advantages to create favorable educational resources and opportunities for their young children.However,to a certain extent,this exacerbates educational anxiety among a segment of parents.Despite the implementation of various governmental measures,it appears that these initiatives have not fundamentally addressed parental educational anxiety at its root.This study employs interview techniques and literature review methodologies to gain a profound understanding of parental educational anxiety during the transition from early childhood to primary education.By integrating Gesell's Maturation Theory,this research aims to scientifically explicate the developmental patterns of children.Consequently,it endeavors to enable non-professional parents to adopt a"professional"perspective in their approach towards early childhood education.

Literature Review:Inclusive Education in Early Childhood

This literature review provides an overview of existing research and compares,and contrasts aims and definitions of Inclusive Education(IE)policies in China and Australia.It begins with the development of IE in each country;then it describes definition and concept of IE.The last section summarizes research in early childhood education in both countries.

Research on the Dynamic Relationships among Taiwan’s Early Childhood Education and Its Stakeholders: The System Dynamics Perspective

In Taiwan,the low birth rate has become one of the most critical problems faced by the government and educational institutions at all levels.The enrolling student number of kindergartens perhaps is the most directly affected by such trend.The purpose of this study aims at constructing a system dynamics model to depict the relationships between the preschool children and their stakeholders for deducing the evolutionary trends of,and the interactions of,governmental policies and the operations of the early childhood education institutions.Through the interpretation of policies and simulation analysis of the twenty-year growth trend related to the child population in Taiwan,this study found that governmental policies and the promotion of education and care services have a positive effect on the growth of all levels of kindergarten classes.Besides,the relationship between the education and care service staff and the kindergarten play a causal balancing role in our proposed model.We suggest that the system dynamics model proposed by this study can help to observe the dynamic relationships formed by the stakeholders in preschool education and care system based on the“joint responsibility”of Taiwan’s early childhood education.

The Evidenced Effects of Early Childhood Interventions to Promote Mental Health and Parenting in the Nordic Countries: A Systematic Review

Thefirst years of life and the family context are key to the promotion and protection of children’s health and well-being,emphasizing the need for interventions aimed to support families with young children.This review aimed to explore the effectiveness of early childhood interventions developed for promoting mental health and parenting among families with young children in the Nordic countries.Six electronic databases were systematically searched,and 20 articles covering 16 studies applying various quantitative and qualitative methods met the study inclusion criteria.The studied interventions were assessed as universal health-promoting interventions and health-promoting interventions with elements of prevention.Outcomes of interest encompassed mental health,related risk and protective factors among the parents and/or the children,or child-parent interaction.The results from studies applying statistical methods show significant improvements in parents’self-efficacy,self-esteem,and parental satisfaction,while few improvements in parents’social support or parental relationship were identified.Improvements in social support and parental relationships were however reported in qualitative studies.Most quantitative studies reporting on parents’mental health problems and stress found a significant decrease,and qualitative studies highlighted experienced positive effects on mental health and well-being.The majority of stu-dies reporting on children’s mental health and/or development as well as strengths and difficulties indicated a statistically significant positive development.No significant changes were however found for existing behavioral problems.The majority of studies examining parenting strategies and/or parent-child interaction found signifi-cant positive changes after the interventions.In sum,althoughfindings are heterogeneous,early childhood inter-ventions show various positive effects on the parenting and mental health of both children and their parents.The fact that different types of initiatives have been developed and implemented can be seen as an advantage,con-sidering the varying needs and expectations of different families.

Lessons from the British Early Childhood Education and Qualification Certification System for Early Childhood Education in China

This paper explores the early childhood education systems in the United Kingdom(UK)and China,providing valuable insights and lessons for improving early childhood education in China.It discusses key aspects of education philosophy,teacher training and professional development,qualification certification and standards,policy recommendations,and future prospects.The UK’s emphasis on child-centered education,the use of play-based learning methods,and the recognition of the importance of social and emotional development serve as valuable lessons for China’s early childhood education system.Additionally,the paper highlights the need for unified national standards and certification,higher entry requirements for teachers,ongoing professional development,practical experience for teachers,and diverse certification pathways.The future of early childhood education in China includes raising the social status of early childhood educators,integrating digital education and technology,promoting interdisciplinary education,enhancing collaboration between families and schools,and addressing the needs of special children.

Current Status and Trends of Fiscal Support for Early Childhood Education in China

Early childhood education is recognized globally as a critical stage in a child’s development,fostering cognitive,emotional,social,and physical growth.The quality and accessibility of early childhood education are of paramount importance for a nation’s future development.This paper explores the current status and trends of fiscal support for early childhood education in China.By analyzing the evolution of early childhood education policies,government funding,and international experiences,this study aims to provide insights into the impact of fiscal support on the quality and accessibility of early childhood education.It also addresses existing challenges and offers policy recommendations for the advancement of early childhood education in China.

近年OECD国家幼儿教育经费投入趋势研究——基于《Educationata Glance:OECD Indicators 2010-2015》报告的分析

《Education at a Glance:OECD indicators》是OECD每年发布的关于各成员国3年前教育发展概况统计。通过对2010-2015年6年间OECD发布的《Education at a Glance:OECD indicators》报告中关于幼儿教育阶段经费投入状况的分析发现:OECD国家近年对幼儿教育的投入占GDP的比例平均0.6℅以上,占教育总体投入的8.5℅以上,并且教育投入正在向幼儿教育倾斜;政府是学前教育投入的绝对主体,并正在逐步通过多种方式降低家庭负担的比重;在保证一定数量的公办幼儿教育机构的基础上逐渐扩大对私立机构的投入和资助。OECD国家幼儿教育经费投入趋势对我国幼儿教育经费投入具有重要的参考价值。

Developmental Programming of Ethical Consciousness： Impact on B ioscience Ethics Education and Learning

Personal ethics are strongly influenced by emotions, particularly secondary emotions, because these emotions expand ethical reasoning and development as the child matures. A well-developed consciousness profoundly influences a person＇s actions and conduct when solving problems of what is thought, or taught to be, right or wrong Compelling neurological evidence supports the claim that children begin to develop enduring ethical standards at an early age and that these standards are largely based on the experiences of early childhood. Essentially, the innate sense of ethics requires nurturing during infancy before it can be cognitively understood and practiced in maturity. In biological terms, the development of neural networks that regulate emotional growth, and subsequently, the capacity for ethical discrimination, depends on the infant＇s early social environment. Thus, the toddler＇s early epigenetic experiences enhance, or impede, its innate still dormant genetic potential. Importantly, personal character development and ethical discrimination begins long before the child＇s formal educational years. As a consequence, early learning has to discover ways of conserving adaptive thinking which can be applied to the choices that may confront future generations. Early ethics education, including accurate access to scientific, medical, and technological knowledge, is thus critical. Future generations will increasingly require education from a global perspective when making major ethical decisions in areas, such as nuclear technology, disposal of wastes, preservation of biodiversity, global warming, and unregulated human population growth. As long as our culture continues to reflect advances in science and technology, there is an obligation to make science education overlap with crucial periods in the advancement of ethical consciousness. Significantly, when considering the human capacity for excess at times of conflict, it is incumbent on the scientific community to integrate research-based knowledge with wide-ranging learning and problem-solving skills. Bioscience ethics, the established interface bridging applied science and applied bioethics, can assist in this process of integration. To become fully responsible adults, we must share our extraordinary cognitive talents and respect life on earth in all its rich diversity. In biological terms, human uniqueness resides primarily in our brains with its products being co-operation in family and ancestral units, long education, sophisticated language and culture, and importantly, ethical consciousness-all attributes held in trust by knowledge and wisdom for future generations.

A Comparison of the Main Features of Suzuki and Traditional Violin Education

In early childhood education it is important to determine a child＇s ability or attitude towards different subjects Training and/or education geared towards these tendencies will not only ensure a more healthy future choice in education for the child but furthermore will enable the child to have a happier educational atmosphere in early childhood. Music education/training in early childhood is considered to be very important in early years. Music education/training, in the correct and proper context using tangible and feasible teaching techniques not only improves and develops a child＇s musical skills but also helps develop his/her personality. Two people who shared this view were Zolt^n Kod^ly and Shinichi Suzuki. Suzuki positively affected the educational systems worldwide with his approach to violin teaching and his ideas on early childhood pedagogy. Choosing between the Suzuki violin teaching methodology and the traditional violin teaching methodology is a personal decision. This article tries to objectively elaborate on different aspects of Suzuki and traditional violin teaching methodologies. Each methodology has its pros and cons and knowing what these are will help individuals to make a more educated choice.

学前教育评估人员专业素养指标体系的构建——基于德尔菲法的调查分析

明确学前教育评估人员专业素养是保障和提升学前教育评估人员专业水平、推动学前教育评估队伍专业化建设的起点。本研究采用三轮德尔菲法,建构了学前教育评估人员专业素养指标体系,具体包括评估理念与道德、评估知识与技术、组织与实施3个一级指标,评估理念、职业道德、评估知识、评估技术、组织协调和沟通交流6个二级指标和23个三级指标。该指标体系为遴选、培训、指导、考核学前教育评估人员提供了参考框架,并为学前教育评估人员的自我反思与专业提升提供了依据。

学前教育结构特征与过程质量关系的实证研究述评

当前我国学前教育正处于数量发展转向质量提高的关键节点,通过改善结构质量可以提高过程质量,进而推动学前教育高质量发展。梳理近30年国内外有关学前教育结构特征与过程质量关系的实证研究成果可以发现:学前教育质量评价与改进制度有助于提高过程质量;机构环境中的机构规模与类型、物质环境与材料、组织氛围与管理质量、工作条件等变量均对过程质量有显著预测作用;班级环境中的班级规模与师幼比、班级结构等变量有较强预测作用;教师的受教育水平、在职培训、个体特征等能够影响过程质量。我国学前教育结构特征与过程质量关系研究应进一步拓宽广度,丰富结构特征的研究内容;拓展深度,实施跨区域的追踪性研究,为学前教育政策制定提供循证依据。

幼儿教师和学前教育师范生对幼教情怀的认知:基于词语联想测验的分析

教育情怀是教师的核心素养,了解幼儿教师和学前教育师范生对幼教情怀的认知,有助于教育者对幼教情怀的共同理解以及在幼教师资培养培训中科学地培育幼教情怀。借鉴心理词汇研究范式,对521名幼儿教师和529名学前教育师范生进行“与幼教情怀相关”和“与幼教情怀无关”的词语联想测验,获取相应的特征词;对两类特征词分别归类,构建网络关系图,直观呈现其中心节点和典型关联。经卡方检验,两类研究对象对幼教情怀的认知总体趋于一致。研究结果表明,研究对象对幼教情怀的认知体现了幼教情怀的多维结构,以“关爱”为中心的情感支持是幼教情怀的核心心理成分,但研究对象对幼教情怀的认知存在一定的局限和偏差,需通过培养培训强化幼儿教师和学前教育师范生对幼教情怀的理性认知,引导其在积极的情感体验中领悟幼教情怀的真谛,通过实践修习和交流反思涵养幼教情怀,在尊师重教的环境氛围中升华幼教情怀。

新中国幼儿科学教育75年发展述评

回顾新中国幼儿科学教育75年发展历程,根据目标、内容和方法的不同时代特点,可将之划分为科学常识教育阶段、科学感知教育阶段、科学领域教育阶段和科学跨界教育阶段。我国幼儿科学教育在不同发展阶段各有优势特点,但由于文化价值观念的掣肘、教育协同机制的缺失、教育理论与实践的隔阂,长期存在实施体系欠完善、实践成效进展缓慢、缺乏真善美圆融统一的核心困境。只有坚持以科学教育与人文教育交融并举为理念指引,重视幼儿园主阵地与社会大课堂的协同推进,实行幼小衔接的科学教育一体化建设,确保幼儿科学教育师资队伍的专业化培养,才能有效推动我国幼儿科学教育高质量发展。

教育福利视角下瑞典儿童早期教育立法的历史演进及价值负载

瑞典儿童早期教育立法明确了教育的目标和责任,统一了教育质量的标准以及管理和监督的程序,其注重儿童权益、追求教育平等、强调儿童全面发展和多元化教育的立法理念具有广泛的国际影响力。文章从教育福利的视角,阐释瑞典儿童早期教育立法的历史背景、代表法案及具体内容,分析瑞典儿童早期教育立法的演变历程及所承载的价值,揭示国家在儿童早期教育法律框架中的关键作用。研究发现,在初创期、发展期、改革期和全面发展期等不同阶段,瑞典儿童早期教育立法都体现出对教育公平的持续追求、对教育规范的高度关注以及对教育福利不断探索的价值负载。

乡村教育振兴中学前教师职后专业发展的困境与突破

全面加强乡村学前教师职后专业发展是支撑乡村学前教育有质量运行的实践要求,也是城乡学前教师平等享有发展权益的伦理要求,但在实践中仍面临着支援行动“镇区化”偏畸、研训支持城市化单调化、在地引领者与理论基础缺失、参训时间与资金难题突出、教师自我效能感乏匮等问题。为此,须加强面向乡村学前教师发展权益的政策关注,建构多元化精准帮扶路径,积极挖掘能够发挥引领作用的乡村学前教育带头人,完善教师进升与补贴保障机制,提振乡村学前教师发展动机。在纾困政策设计中,应坚持普惠性教师发展支援的存续与共享,以高层次超部门统筹切实增进政策实效。

幼儿发展评价的智能技术框架构想

幼儿发展评价是学前教育评价的核心组成部分,在实践中却处于“边缘”地带,面临着内容繁杂、方法低效、分析不足以及反馈单一等现实困境。鉴于当前基于智能技术破解教育评价难题的应用趋势,研究提出智能技术赋能幼儿发展评价的四大破解之法:虚实结合、智能感知、多模态融合以及可视化推送。在此基础上形成幼儿发展评价的智能技术框架构想,包括四层级技术框架与五环节实施路径,旨在通过智能技术破解幼儿发展评价难题,实现“以评促教”的评价功能,逐步提升我国学前教育保教水平。

家园共育视域下的智能化幼儿发展评价

在家园共育视域下,研究发现家长参与的幼儿发展评价存在评价观念偏颇、评价参与表浅以及评价沟通不足等现实困境。以幼儿发展评价在智能技术驱动下所面临的智能化升级为契机,构筑智能化幼儿发展评价双向驱动模型。该模型围绕“一个中心、双向驱动、三个阶段以及多次迭代”的内容要旨,依托智能评价系统落实三阶段幼儿发展评价实施流程,具有权责分明、精准施测以及交互充分的应用优势,有助于发挥家园共育的协同育人价值。

公共文化服务融入学前教育的可及性研究——基于广州市的样本

公共文化服务已经成为我国文化建设的重要内容和战略工程,而可及性是评价公共文化服务体系与其服务对象“适合度”的概念。本研究基于737名广州市幼儿园教师和行政人员的调研数据,建构了包含可获得性、可接近性、可接受性和可适合性四个维度的可及性评价框架,分析和评价公共文化服务体系与幼儿园师生需求及文化服务利用行为间的适合性。研究发现:公共文化服务机构与幼儿园供需双方均认可公共文化服务的教育价值,但公共文化服务职能未得到充分发挥,公共文化服务融入学前教育的可及性总体有待提升。其中,可获得性和可接近性是现阶段影响公共文化服务融入学前教育的基础条件;检索公共文化服务资源能力弱、缺乏实践运用能力成为制约幼儿园运用公共文化服务的重要原因。公共文化服机构扩能提质增效且提供精准供给,推动幼儿园常态化关注与运用公共文化服务,是提升公共文化服务与幼儿园师生需求间适合性的可选路径。

民族地区幼儿语言教育研究趋势与前沿可视化分析

以中国知网(CNKI)数据库收录的所有民族地区幼儿语言教育相关文献为研究对象,运用CiteSpace软件对其进行可视化分析,研究结果显示:发文量呈上升趋势,在2013年、2018年、2021年达到了文献数量高峰期;从机构分布图看,形成了以西北师范大学、塔里木大学为代表的高产机构;研究热点主题为“双语教育”“国家通用语言”等;从关键词突现图看,双语教学为突现强度最高的关键词;研究经历了初步探索、发展停滞、跳跃式发展、深化探索四个阶段;结合研究结果,从政策体系、教学过程、评价标准、学术发展、家园社协同五个方面对未来研究提出了建议。