Study on the combination ability and stability of rice restore line Yihui1577

Yihui1577 was bred after over 10 generations by crossing R16 and Yunan purple rice. Many new hybrid rice varieties have been bred with Yihui1577, of which Gangyou1577. Ilyou1577, Nyou1577 and Yixiang1577 were certified by Sichuan Crop Variety Release Committee, Gangyou1577 and Yixiang1577 were certified by National Crop Variety Release Committee. The series varieties bred with Yihui1577 have been used widely with accumulated area of 1,200,000 ha. By using Yihui1577 as breeding material, an excellent restore line Yihui3003 and some other restore lines, such as Yihui1979 and Yihui315 with good quality and combination ability have been bred. Analysis of combination ability and stability of restore line Yihui1577 was made by using agricultural experimentation and statistical approach. The combination ability analysis was made by not complete dual crossing method with 4 CMS lines and 6 restorer lines. It shows that the general combination ability effect value of Yihui1577 is 0.226, while Minghui63 is -0.113. So the general combination ability of Yihui1577 is prior to that of Minghui63. Stability analysis shows that the F value of Gangyou1577 is 1.81378, while Sanyou63 is 1.40327, both doesn＇t reach significant level. So Gangyou1577 has the same stability as Sanyou63.The same conclusion is got in the stability analysis of the breeds of II you 1577, Yixiang1577, Nyou 1577 and so on.

Study on Galloping Stability Mechanism of Conductor and Its Application to Anti-Galloping of Transmission Lines

Galloping of conductor is a major hazard to safe operation of transmission lines. This paper introduces the basic galloping stability mechanism of conductor, design method of anti-galloping and the application of anti-galloping double pendulum and integral eccentric pendulum in China. Galloping stability mechanism of conductor was established based on vertical galloping mechanism developed by Den Hartog and torsional galloping mechanism developed by O. Nigel. A design method of anti-galloping was derived and anti-galloping double pendulum and integral eccentric pendulum were developed. Applications to several transmission lines including a 500 kV transmission line of large span indicated that they have played important roles in anti-galloping.

The selection and stability analysis of stable and high Taxol-producing cell lines from Taxus cuspidata

In this study to screen for stable, high Taxolproducing cell lines（CL5, CL12, and CL21） of Taxus cuspidata, stem tissues were used to induce calli, which were then subcultured nine times to establish suspension cell cultures. From 97 cell lines obtained from conditioned cultures, 10 cell lines with high Taxol content were selected. Stability analyses on solid and liquid B5 media were then used to obtain lines that stably produced high levels of Taxol. Fresh biomass and Taxol production of the ninth generation became stable. Taxol content of selected CL5, CL12, and CL21 samples was 0.0448, 0.0477, and0.0428% of dry mass（DW）, respectively. Proliferation of CL5, CL12 and CL21 was 346.3, 382.5, and 409.2%,respectively. From work over about 2 years, the three cell lines appear suitable for mass production of Taxol,promoting the industrialisation and commercial-scale production of Taxol using cell culture.

THE VIBRATION AND STABILITY ANALYSIS OF MODERATE THICK PLATES BY THE METHOD OF LINES

The method of lines based on Hu Hai-chang 's theory for the vibration and stability of moderate thick plates is developed. The standard nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) system for natural frequencies and critical load is given by use of ODE techniques, and then any indicated eigenvalue could be obtained directly from ODE solver by employing the so-called initial eigenfunction technique instead of the mode orthogonality condition. Numerical examples show that the present method is very effective and reliable.

Analysis on the combination ability and stability of rice restore line Yihui1577

Yihui1577 was bred after over 10 generations by crossing RI6 and Yunnan purple rice. Many new hybrid rice varieties had been bred with Yihui 1577, of which Gangyou 1577, Ⅱ you1577, Nyou 1577 and Yixiang1577 were certified by Sichuan Province Crop Variety Release Committee, Gangyou1577 and Yixiang1577 were certified by National Crop Variety Release Committee. The series varieties bred with Yihui1577 had been used widely with accumulated areas of 1 200 000 hm2. By using Yihui1577 as breeding material, an excellent restore line Yihui 3003 and some other restore lines, such as Yihui 1979, Yihui 315 with good rice quality and good combination ability had been bred. Analysis of combination ability and stability about restore line Yihui 1577 was made by using agricultural experimentation and statistical approach. The combination ability analysis was made in complete dual crossing method with 4 CMS lines and 6 restorer lines. It showed that the general combination ability effect value of Yihui1577 was 0.226, while Minghui63 was -0.113. So the general combination ability ofYihui1577 was prior to that of Minghui 63. Stability analysis showed that the F value of Gangyou1577 was 1.81378, while Sanyou 63 was 1.40327, both didn＇t reach significant level. So Gangyou1577 had the same stability as Sanyou 63. The same conclusion had got in the stability analysis of the breeds of Ⅱ you 1577, Yixiang 1577, Nyou 1577 and so on.

Transient Stability Analysis Using Transmission Line Measurement

The novel quantitative assessment method using transmission line measurement was developed. A new style of stability criterion was suggested which is based on the line measurement. The stability indices for lines, cutsets and power system according to features of transient energy in the lines were given, which not only provide a reliable and accurate assessment of the transient stability of power system, but also can be used to assess the effect of lines and cutsets on the transient stability and identify the weak transmission segment. Examples were presented by simulation on the IEEE-39 buses test system.

Fertility,genome stability,and homozygosity in a diverse set of resynthesized rapeseed lines

Rapeseed(Brassica napus,AACC)was formed by hybridization between progenitor species Brassica rapa(AA)and Brassica oleracea(CC).As a result of a limited number of hybridization events between specific progenitor genotypes and strong breeding selection for oil quality traits,rapeseed has limited genetic diversity.The production of resynthesized B.napus lines via interspecific hybridization of the diploid progenitor species B.rapa and B.oleracea is one possible way to increase genetic variation in rapeseed.However,most resynthesized lines produced so far have been reported to be meiotically unstable and infertile,in contrast to established B.napus cultivars.This hinders both maintenance and use of this germplasm in breeding programs.We characterized a large set of 140 resynthesized lines produced by crosses between B.rapa and B.oleracea,as well as between B.rapa and wild C genome species(B.incana,B.hilarionis,B.montana,B.Bourgeaui,B.villosa and B.cretica)for purity(homozygosity),fertility,and genome stability.Self-pollinated seed set,seeds per ten pods as well as percentage pollen viability were used to estimate fertility.SNP genotyping was performed using the Illumina Infinium Brassica 60K array for 116 genotypes,with at least three individuals per line.Most of the material which had been advanced through multiple generations was no longer pure,with heterozygosity detected corresponding to unknown parental contributions via outcrossing.Fertility and genome stability were both genotypedependent.Most lines had high numbers of copy number variants(CNVs),indicative of meiotic instability,and high numbers of CNVs were significantly associated with reduced fertility.Eight putatively stable resynthesized B.napus lines were observed.Further investigation of these lines may reveal the mechanisms underlying this effect.Our results suggest that selection of stable resynthesized lines for breeding purposes is possible.

Security and Stability Aspects of Multi Objective Dynamic Economic Dispatch with Renewable Energy and HVDC Transmission Lines

Renewable sources of energy are being integrated into the power grids due to their economic and environmental merits as compared with the traditional fossil-fuel-fired power generation. However, their significant penetration demands a thorough research in terms of system reliability, that is, security and stability. In this paper, Security Constrained Multi Objective Dynamic Economic Dispatch (SCMODED) problem considering cubic thermal cubic cost function, wind, solar penetration, cubic transmission power losses and cubic emissions cost function as objectives is first formulated. Both HVDC and HVAC lines are included in their formulation. Various approaches like probabilistic load flow (PLF), scenario based method, participation factors and Harmony Search algorithm etc. are employed in the solution process. Security and stability effects of renewable energy (RE) penetration are investigated and analyzed. The simulated results reveal that RE penetration leads to reduced cost and emissions and increased security concerns. Further, there is increased power system instability and hence increased load shedding so as to help the power system attain steady state stability. Inclusion of HVDC lines facilitates rapid and fast control to increase the transient stability limit by the action of the converter ignition angle (CIA) and converter extinction angle (CEA).

Optimum line reclosing time for the enhancement of interconnected power system stability

Automatic line reclosing schemes used in an extra-high-voltage power system is an economical and effective means to maintain transient stability. A novel method is proposed in the paper to adaptively optimize the automatic line reclosing time after a transient fault for enhancement of interconnected power system transient stability. Both the study on the transient energy over network and the structure-preserving multi-machines power system model illustrate that the excessive convergence of potential energy on the lines with a certain cutset deteriorate power system stability, and therefore, an optimum line reclosing strategy can be established by minimizing the change in transient potential energy distribution across a cutset lines in the vicinity of the faulty line as an optimization target, and the optimal reclosure time is set to the time of minimum line phase angle difference. Without any pre-determined knowledge, the method is adaptive to various power system operation modes and fault conditions, and easy to implement because only a limited number of data measured at one location on a tie-line linking sub-networks are required. Simulations have been performed with the OMIB(One Machine and Infinite Bus System) and a real inter-connected power system to verify the applicability of the method proposed.

Stability Analysis of a Multi Area System with Renewable Energy and Multi-Terminal DC Tie Lines

Security constrained multi area multi objective dynamic economic dispatch (SCMAMODED) with renewable energy (RE) and all the possible MTDC stability constraints is formulated for the first time. The stability merits of multi terminal DC (MTDC) tie lines as compared to the traditional HVAC forms the main objective of this paper. Probabilistic load flow (PLF) is applied to determine the system parameters while the uncertainties are modelled using Scenario Based Method (SBM). The simulation results reveal that with the use of MTDC tie lines, the frequency and voltage stability in the MAMODED with renewable energy sources (RES) are enhanced while keeping the MTDC power exchange interface nodes at secure levels.

Machine Learning for Hybrid Line Stability Ranking Index in Polynomial Load Modeling under Contingency Conditions

In the conventional technique,in the evaluation of the severity index,clustering and loading suffer from more iteration leading to more com-putational delay.Hence this research article identifies,a novel progression for fast predicting the severity of the line and clustering by incorporating machine learning aspects.The polynomial load modelling or ZIP(constant impedances(Z),Constant Current(I)and Constant active power(P))is developed in the IEEE-14 and Indian 118 bus systems considered for analysis of power system security.The process of finding the severity of the line using a Hybrid Line Stability Ranking Index(HLSRI)is used for assisting the concepts of machine learning with J48 algorithm,infers the superior affected lines by adopting the IEEE standards in concern to be compensated in maintaining the power system stability.The simulation is performed in the WEKA environment and deals with the supervisor learning in order based on severity to ensure the safety of power system.The Unified Power Flow Controller(UPFC),facts devices for the purpose of compensating the losses by maintaining the voltage characteristics.The finite element analysis findings are compared with the existing procedures and numerical equations for authentications.

Genetic Analysis of Early Generation Stability in Rice

The mechanism of early generation stability （EGS） in rice was studied via genetic analysis. Three types of crosses were made, namely between EGS varieties, EGS and conventional rice variety, and conventional rice varieties. The genetic analysis was based on the stable lines in F2 population. The stable lines may appear from some combinations of EGS rice crossing with each other and EGS rice crossing with conventional varieties at different frequencies, but stable lines didn＇t appear in conventional varieties crossing with conventional varieties. Genetic analysis results indicated that the EGS phenomena should just exist in special rice materials, and the frequency of stable lines was closely related to the EGS traits of parents. The EGS traits were neither qualitative nor quantitative traits, and they were controlled by neither dominant genes nor recessive genes. The EGS traits might be inherited by F1 single plant, and the traits of F3 and F4 were corresponded to those of F2 population, i.e. F3 and F4 lines derived from non-segregating F2 showed uniform agronomic traits, and those from segregating F2.did not. The agronomic traits of EGS lines were consistent with those of F1 single plant. On the other hand, when EGS lines occurred, the segregating lines in Mendelian manner were also observed in all F2 population of the same combination. It was suggested that the reason why the stable strains occurred might be a special factor to control （open/close） gene at the beginning of cell division in zygote, resulting in closing mitosis and opening somatic reduction. The somatic reduction of zygote resulted in recombination and homozygosity forming in F1 single plant, and some lines with uniform agronomic traits were observed in some lines of F2 population.

Filtered Leapfrog Time Integration with Enhanced Stability Properties

The Leapfrog method for the solution of Ordinary Differential Equation initial value problems has been historically popular for several reasons. The method has second order accuracy, requires only one function evaluation per time step, and is non-dissipative. Despite the mentioned attractive properties, the method has some unfavorable stability properties. The absolute stability region of the method is only an interval located on the imaginary axis, rather than a region in the complex plane. The method is only weakly stable and thus exhibits computational instability in long time integrations over intervals of finite length. In this work, the use of filters is examined for the purposes of both controlling the weak instability and also enlarging the size of the absolute stability region of the method.

Strong-Stability-Preserving, K-Step, 5- to 10-Stage, Hermite-Birkhoff Time-Discretizations of Order 12

We construct optimal k-step, 5- to 10-stage, explicit, strong-stability-preserving Hermite-Birkhoff (SSP HB) methods of order 12 with nonnegative coefficients by combining linear k-step methods of order 9 with 5- to 10-stage Runge-Kutta (RK) methods of order 4. Since these methods maintain the monotonicity property, they are well suited for solving hyperbolic PDEs by the method of lines after a spatial discretization. It is seen that the 8-step 7-stage HB methods have largest effective SSP coefficient among the HB methods of order 12 on hand. On Burgers’ equations, some of the new HB methods have larger maximum effective CFL numbers than Huang’s 7-step hybrid method of order 7, thus allowing larger step size.

Stability Analysis of Large Section Rocky Tunnel Support Structure

In order to study the stress characteristics of the initial support and secondary lining of the large section tunnel and to solve the problem of secondary lining cracking during operation. Taking the large section tunnel in Zihong village, Qi County as the research object, a numerical simulation method was used to establish a finite element model of the large section tunnel. So as to simulate and analyze the stress characteristics of the support structure of this tunnel. Through the simulation of the initial support and second lining of this large section tunnel in terms of displacement, stress, plastic zone damage and anchor shaft force, the results show that as the excavation progresses, the stress and displacement on the surface of the newly excavated tunnel profile is faster, especially at the side walls and arch footings, the stress and displacement values are slightly larger than other characteristic points, but the final values are stable and converge, and are basically consistent with the field monitoring results, which indicates that this support system is basically in stable state. Therefore, during the tunnel excavation and support process, special attention should be paid to the stability of the sidewalls and footings, and the results of this study will be of great practical significance for tunnel construction and maintenance.

N^(6)-腺苷甲基化修饰及其对LINE-1的调控机制

长散布元件-1(long interspersed elements-1,LINE-1)是现今在人类基因组中唯一具有自主转座能力的转座子,其转座会引起细胞基因组结构和功能的改变,是导致多种严重疾病的重要因素。在转座过程中,LINE-1 mRNA是转座中间体的核心,宿主细胞对其进行相关修饰直接影响转座。N^(6)-腺苷甲基化修饰(m^(6)A)是真核细胞RNA上最丰富且动态可逆的表观遗传修饰。目前发现m^(6)A修饰也存在于LINE-1 mRNA上,参与LINE-1整个生命周期的调控,影响其转座和基因组中LINE-1相邻基因的表达,进而影响基因组稳定性、细胞自我更新与分化潜能,在人类发育和疾病中具有重要作用。本文介绍了LINE-1 m^(6)A修饰的位置、功能以及相关机制,并总结了LINE-1的m^(6)A修饰对其转座调控的研究进展,以期为相关疾病发生发展的机制研究和治疗提供新的思路。

Laser frequency stabilization and shifting by using modulation transfer spectroscopy

The stabilizing and shifting of laser frequency are very important for the interaction between the laser and atoms. The modulation transfer spectroscopy for the 87Rb atom with D2 line transition F = 2 →F＇ = 3 is used for stabilizing and shifting the frequency of the external cavity grating feedback diode laser. The resonant phase modulator with electro-optical effect is used to generate frequency sideband to lock the laser frequency. In the locking scheme, circularly polarized pump- and probe-beams are used. By optimizing the temperature of the vapor, the pump- and probe-beam intensity, the laser linewidth of 280 kHz is obtained. Furthermore, the magnetic field generated by a solenoid is added into the system. Therefore the system can achieve the frequency locking at any point in a range of hundreds of megahertz frequency shifting with very low power loss.

Influence of Genetic Drift of Restoring Gene (Rf) on Seed Purity of Yuetai A, a Honglian-Type Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Line in Hybrid Rice

The seed samples of Yuetai A, a Honglian （HL） type cytoplasmic male sterile （CMS） line in hybrid rice were investigated to assess the seed purity and to analyze the cause of off-type plants by imitating the biological contaminant to Yuetai A in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province and Lingshui, Hainan Province during 2004-2006. The seed impurity of Yuetai A mainly resulted from the genetic drift of restoring fertility gene （Rt） after biological contamination but not from its sterility unstability. All of the ten maintainer lines, five restorer lines and three thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines used in the study could pollinate Yuetai A and Yuetai B to produce F1 plants, directly or indirectly resulting in Rf-gene drifting into Yuetai A and generating ＇iso-cytoplasm restoring-generations＇. Furthermore, high outcrossing rate and similar heading date of Yuetai A with many varieties used in rice production might easily result in the biological contamination. After removing all plants with Rf-gene mixed in Yuetai A and preventing Rf-gene drifting into Yuetai A, the seed purity of Yuetai A and Yuetai B had been raised to 100%.

The MET Analysis of Yield Performance of Advanced Sorghum [<i>Sorghum Bicolor</i>(L.) Moench] Lines under Moisture Stress Areas Using Spatial Analysis

Sorghum is one of the most widely cultivated cereal crops in Ethiopia which is grown for food and feed uses. It’s far an indigenous crop that’s grown in incredibly diverse environments of getting diverse water strain, soil fertility, and temperature situations. Trait of sorghum varieties tolerant to drought and producing desirable grain yield at the same time as addressing the biomass requirement is one of the techniques within the sorghum breeding program to the dry lowland surroundings so one can feed the growing population in Ethiopia. A total of 126 superior early maturing sorghum elite lines had been evaluated through along with recently released popular trendy check Melkam and Argiti to estimate the grain yield and stability of overall performance throughout the testing environments. Based on the overall performance of grain yield, flowering time, plant height, and the stability of grain yield genotype ETSC14501-2-2 and 14MWLSDT7196 become top ranked followed by genotype 14MWLSDT7176, 14MWLSDT7241 and 13MWF6#6037 which could be a capability candidate for production to the target environments. The varieties had better grain yield performance and stability across the environment, which may be used as capacity parental lines for genetic improvement in the sorghum improvement program. Finally based on the presented result on early maturing variety ETSC14501-2-2 with the pedigree of Redswazi/Meko-1 identified and registered for variety verification across locations on stations and on farms to confirm the stability and preference by farmers with their own farming practices.

Three-defense Line Coordination Strategy of the Guizhou Power Grid with the New Security Situation

In order to meet the requirements of Decree of the State Council of the People's Republic of China (No.599), this paper presents a three-defense line coordination strategy based on the Decree of the State Council (No.599). Taking the Guizhou power grid of 220 kV&500 kV as an example, the security and stability problem of the Guizhou power grid is analyzed. The strategy using three-defense line coordination for lowering the level of electricity safety accidents is researched. The analysis results show that the proposed coordination strategy is feasible, which can lower the level of electricity safety accidents under the same fault in same operation mode. Through studying the three-defense line of the Guizhou power grid, this paper presents a basic idea of the three-defense line coordination strategy based on the Decree of the State Council (No.599). The three-defense line coordination strategy provides reference for other provinces power grid.