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Characteristics and Prevention of Secondary Geological Disasters of Wenchuan Earthquake 被引量:4
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作者 宋鄂平 张克信 +1 位作者 卢炎秋 孙毅 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2013年第7期1044-1048,共5页
In the research, secondary geological disasters of Wenchuan earthquake were defined and the consequences were illustrated based on geological disasters, such as collapse, landslide and debris flow, and threats of barr... In the research, secondary geological disasters of Wenchuan earthquake were defined and the consequences were illustrated based on geological disasters, such as collapse, landslide and debris flow, and threats of barrier lakes. In addition, the characteristics of secondary disasters were analyzed, as follows: Rupture of geological faults lays foundation in terms of geological structure; loose solids provide resources of an earthquake; abundant rainfall and large runoffs are driving forces of an earthquake; rainstorm, flood, and long-term high temperature are major inducing factors. Furthermore, suggestions on prevention of secondary disasters were proposed in terms of prevention before, at and after an earthquake. Finally, the scientific and practical significances of secondary disasters were illustrated. 展开更多
关键词 Wenchuan earthquake Secondary geological disaster CHARACTERISTICS prevention
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Seismic Damage Characteristics of the Wenchuan Great Earthquake on May 12,2008 and Suggestions for Disaster Prevention 被引量:1
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作者 Gao Mengtan Zhou Bengang Pan Hua 《Earthquake Research in China》 2009年第4期480-487,共8页
The paper introduces the tectonic background, focal mechanism and distribution of aftershock of the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12,2008. The earthquake is considered to be the result of long-term interaction between th... The paper introduces the tectonic background, focal mechanism and distribution of aftershock of the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12,2008. The earthquake is considered to be the result of long-term interaction between the eastward movement of the Bayan Har Block and the Sichuan Basin. Most of the earthquake energy was released in an area (the seismic source body) 330kin long,52km wide and 20km deep over 100s. Energy release in the source body was extremely uneven, and strong ground motion in the epicenter area shows obvious asymmetrical character in the time and space scale. The high-intensity area is distributed along the source body, and the intensity distribution bears an obvious anomalous characteristic. The investigation results indicate that more than 90 percent of casualties caused by this earthquake were in the areas of intensity IX or above. Houses, schools and hospitals etc. suffered serious damage. Lifelines such as transportation, water conservation etc. also suffered significant damage. Besides, earthquake-triggered avalanches, landslides, mud-rock flows and so on were extremely serious. The tremendous earthquake disaster highlighted the deficiencies in disaster prevention and mitigation management, scientific earthquake research, technology and application of earthquake disaster prevention, and publicity of earthquake preparedness and disaster reduction. 展开更多
关键词 Wenchuan earthquake Disaster characteristics Disaster prevention
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The Cause and Prevention of Major Earthquakes in the World
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作者 Cuixiang Zhong 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B)》 2023年第2期92-95,共4页
On February 6, 2023, a series of severe earthquakes occurred in eastern Turkey and neighboring areas of Syria. It was the largest earthquake in the world in more than a year, and the largest earthquake in the history ... On February 6, 2023, a series of severe earthquakes occurred in eastern Turkey and neighboring areas of Syria. It was the largest earthquake in the world in more than a year, and the largest earthquake in the history of Turkey. Living under the fear of earthquakes, the people in Turkey and other earthquake zones have hoped again and again to change their fate, but they have to resign themselves to fate. Thus, the author analyzed the causes of large earthquakes such as Turkey earthquake, and found that some of the world’s potential seismic zones have been eroded by sea water or river water for a long time to create a series of surface faults. When the moon gets close to these faults, it will have a huge gravitational pull on them, and even cause the fault to move, resulting in strong earthquakes. Especially in some seismic zones, earthquakes are occurring more and more frequently and their intensity is getting bigger and bigger. The main reason is that the opening of the Arctic shipping route and the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas have caused the melting of the Arctic ice sheet and the loss of glaciers, which has led to the weakening of the Arctic vortex and the reduction of the compression ability of the polar vortices to the clouds, thus slowing down the rotation of the Earth and thus the revolution of the moon. So the moon gradually moves in a spiral toward the Earth;as the moon orbit close to the Earth, the moon’s gravity on the surface faults will gradually strengthen, so it is easy to cause the surface fault dislocations, resulting in frequent earthquakes or strong earthquakes. So the author puts forward some measures to prevent frequent and strong earthquakes. 展开更多
关键词 Major earthquakes CAUSE prevention FAULT the moon.
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Analysis of debris flow control effect and hazard assessment in Xinqiao Gully,Wenchuan M_(s)8.0 earthquake area based on numerical simulation 被引量:1
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作者 Chang Yang Yong-bo Tie +3 位作者 Xian-zheng Zhang Yan-feng Zhang Zhi-jie Ning Zong-liang Li 《China Geology》 CAS CSCD 2024年第2期248-263,共16页
Xinqiao Gully is located in the area of the 2008 Wenchuan M_(s)8.0 earthquake in Sichuan province,China.Based on the investigation of the 2023"6-26"Xinqiao Gully debris flow event,this study assessed the eff... Xinqiao Gully is located in the area of the 2008 Wenchuan M_(s)8.0 earthquake in Sichuan province,China.Based on the investigation of the 2023"6-26"Xinqiao Gully debris flow event,this study assessed the effectiveness of the debris flow control project and evaluated the debris flow hazards.Through field investigation and numerical simulation methods,the indicators of flow intensity reduction rate and storage capacity fullness were proposed to quantify the effectiveness of the engineering measures in the debris flow event.The simulation results show that the debris flow control project reduced the flow intensity by41.05%to 64.61%.The storage capacity of the dam decreases gradually from upstream to the mouth of the gully,thus effectively intercepting and controlling the debris flow.By evaluating the debris flow of different recurrence intervals,further measures are recommended for managing debris flow events. 展开更多
关键词 Landslide Debris flow Hazard assessment Numerical simulation OpenLISEM prevention and control project Wenchuan M_(s)8.0 earthquake Xinqiao Gully Sichuan province Geological hazards survey engineering
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Study on Functions and Countermeasures of Disaster Prevention and Reduction of Urban Green Land 被引量:2
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作者 周建东 王浩 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2009年第1期6-10,共5页
From the advanced experiences at home and abroad,according to the requirements of emergency evacuation at earthquake disaster,then strategies and methods to disaster prevention and reduction functions of urban green l... From the advanced experiences at home and abroad,according to the requirements of emergency evacuation at earthquake disaster,then strategies and methods to disaster prevention and reduction functions of urban green land construction were put forward. 展开更多
关键词 Urban green LAND DISASTER prevention and reduction Construction earthquake
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Status quo and Existing Problems of Seismic Prevention Planning in Counties and Districts——a Case Study of Hongsibao District, Wuzhong City,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
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作者 杨银科 刘聪 +1 位作者 苗丁丁 南静静 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2016年第6期1488-1492,1497,共6页
This paper introduced domestic and overseas status, the historical evolution and the development history of earthquake disaster reduction planning. The urgencies and realistic significance were analyzed to carry out e... This paper introduced domestic and overseas status, the historical evolution and the development history of earthquake disaster reduction planning. The urgencies and realistic significance were analyzed to carry out earthquake disaster reduction planning for districts or countries in the northwest. With Hongsibao District in Wuzhong City, Ningxia Province as an example, this article analyzed in detail the present situation and the special problems of earthquake disaster reduction planning in Northwest China. The relevant solving measures were put forward in order to offer a reference for the scientific establishment and effective implementation of earth- quake disaster reduction planning in Northwest China. The foundation of earthquake disaster reduction in the Hongsibao District is still very weak, there is a single earthquake monitoring means, the emergency rescue system is not complete, the working mechanism is not perfect, and the lack of funding for the work of earthquake disaster reduction. 展开更多
关键词 earthquake control and disaster prevention and reduction planning Statics quo Influential factors Hongsibao District
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Catastrophic Debris Flows on July 10^(th) 2013 along the Min River in Areas Seriously-hit by the Wenchuan Earthquake 被引量:9
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作者 GE Yong-gang CUI Peng +2 位作者 ZHANG Jian-qiang ZENG Chao SU Feng-huan 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2015年第1期186-206,共21页
Over 240 debris flows occurred in hill-slopes, gullies ( indicated those with single-channel) and watersheds (indicated those with tributaries and channels) on July 10th 2013 in the Wenchuan county, and caused 29 ... Over 240 debris flows occurred in hill-slopes, gullies ( indicated those with single-channel) and watersheds (indicated those with tributaries and channels) on July 10th 2013 in the Wenchuan county, and caused 29 casualties and about 633×10^6 USD losses. This work aimed to analyze characteristics, hazards and causes of these events and explore mitigating measures based on field investigation and remote sensing images interpretation. The debris flows contained clay content of 0.1%~3.56%, having densities of 1.72-2.14 t/m^3, velocities of 5.0-m.7 m/s, discharges of 335-2353 m^3/s and sediment yields of 0.10-1.26×10^6 m^3, and also numerously occurred in large watersheds with the area over lo km^2. Large debris flows formed 3 hazard-chains in slopes, gullies, watersheds and rivers, which all evolved in dammed lakes and outburst flood, and 26 dammed lakes and lO newly ones were generated along the rivers of Min and Yuzi. The remarkable spatial difference of loose solid materials accumulation and intense rainfall, with the cumulative of about or more than 150 mm and the hourly of over 16mm, caused debris flows in the sections from Yingxiu to Miansi and Gengda. The damages on buildings, reconstructions, highways,factories and hydro power station originated from the impacting, scouring, burying of debris flows, the submerging of dammed lake and the scouring of outburst flood, and the huge losses came from the ruinous destructions of control engineering works of debris flows as well as the irrational location and low- resistant capabilities of reconstructions. For hazards mitigating of debris flows in long term, the feasible measures for short term, including risk-reassessing of foregone and potential hazard sites, regional alarming system establishing and integrated control in disastrous sites, and middle-long term, including improving reconstruction standard, rationally disposing river channel bed rise and selecting appropriate reconstruction time and plans, were strongly suggested. 展开更多
关键词 Debris flows Wenchuan earthquake Characteristics DAMAGES Causes preventions
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Study on evaluation of cities' ability reducing earthquake disasters 被引量:9
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作者 张风华 谢礼立 范立础 《Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition)》 CSCD 2004年第3期349-361,377,共13页
Cities ability reducing earthquake disasters is a complex system involving numerous factors, moreover the re-search on evaluating cities ability reducing earthquake disasters relates to multi-subject, such as earthqua... Cities ability reducing earthquake disasters is a complex system involving numerous factors, moreover the re-search on evaluating cities ability reducing earthquake disasters relates to multi-subject, such as earthquake sci-ence, social science, economical science and so on. In this paper, firstly, the conception of cities ability reducing earthquake disasters is presented, and the ability could be evaluated with three basic elements the possible seis-mic casualty and economic loss during the future earthquakes that are likely to occur in the city and its surround-ings and time required for recovery after earthquake; based upon these three basic elements, a framework, which consists of six main components, for evaluating citys ability reducing earthquake disasters is proposed; then the statistical relations between the index system and the ratio of seismic casualty, the ratio of economic loss and re-covery time are gained utilizing the cities prediction results of earthquake disasters which were made during the ninth five-year plan; at last, the method defining the comprehensive index of cities ability reducing earthquake disasters is presented. Thus the relatively comprehensive theory frame is set up. The frame can evaluate cities ability reducing earthquake disasters absolutely and quantitatively and consequently instruct the decision-making on reducing cities earthquake disasters loss. 展开更多
关键词 evaluation of cities ability reducing earthquake disasters seismic casualty economic loss re-covery time index system grey correlation comprehensive index of cities ability reducing earthquake dis-asters
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Parametric study on performance of bridge retrofitted by unseating prevention devices 被引量:4
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作者 刘光晏 张国镇 《Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration》 SCIE EI CSCD 2006年第1期111-118,共8页
Over the past decade, seismically induced damage to bridges has been widely reported following major earthquakes such as the 1994 Northridge, 1995 Kobe and 1999 Chi-Chi events. Since these earthquakes, restrainers and... Over the past decade, seismically induced damage to bridges has been widely reported following major earthquakes such as the 1994 Northridge, 1995 Kobe and 1999 Chi-Chi events. Since these earthquakes, restrainers and stoppers have been installed on bridges to prevent unseating and excessive displacements, respectively. Alternatively, column jacketing has also been proven to be effective. However, the enhanced shear strength may result in extra retrofitting works on the footing. For bridges damaged in the Chi-Chi earthquake, investigations revealed that most bridge columns experienced none-to-minor damage in the longitudinal direction. The reason for this unexpected performance was the construction practice of using a rubber bearing, which is an unbolted design that may slide under large lateral forces. In this paper, parametric studies on simply-supported bridges retrofitted by a restrainer or concrete shear key along the longitudinal and transverse axes were carried out. The research focuses on finding suitable combinations of the design force and gap spacing so the restrainer and concrete shear key can be used as an unseating prevention device, with respect to the allowable column damage in terms of displacement ductility under near-fault type earthquakes. A two-lane PCI-girder bridge was selected as the benchmark model. In the longitudinal direction, a total of nine combinations considering yielding strength and gap spacing for the restrainer were analyzed; while parameters for the concrete shear key were divided into three shear force levels and three gap spacings. In the transverse direction, a similar approach was adapted, except smaller gap spacing was used. For each of the above mentioned earthquakes, seven input ground motions were selected and their PGAs were adjusted to 0.36g and 0.45g as the Design earthquake and Maximum Considerable Earthquake, respectively. Based on the results of nonlinear time history analyses, proper parameters to design the restrainers and concrete shear keys are obtained. Responses obtained from numerical simulations under the Chi-Chi earthquake leaded to new implications to design those devices. Restrainer should not exceed its breaking strain and sufficient unseating length will be needed always. Concrete Shear key was determined by considering both displacement demand of the superstructure and displacement ductility of the column at the same time. Further study is needed to provide optimal design parameters for use in performance based bridge design. 展开更多
关键词 unseating prevention device column jacketing RESTRAINER shear key Chi-Chi earthquake nonlinear time history analyses displacement ductility performance based bridge design
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Ascent schedules,acute altitude illness,and altitude acclimatization:Observations on the Yushu Earthquake 被引量:5
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作者 Wu Tianyi Hou Shike +2 位作者 Li Shuzhi Li Wenxiang Gen Deng 《Engineering Sciences》 EI 2013年第2期17-28,共12页
During the Yushu Earthquake on April 14,2010,a large number of rescuers from sea level or lowlands ascended to the quake areas very rapidly or rapidly less than 24 h. However,Yushu Earthquake is the highest quake in t... During the Yushu Earthquake on April 14,2010,a large number of rescuers from sea level or lowlands ascended to the quake areas very rapidly or rapidly less than 24 h. However,Yushu Earthquake is the highest quake in the world at altitudes between 3 750 m and 4 878 m where is a serious hypoxic environment. A high incidence of acute altitude illness was found in the unacclimatized rescuers;the mountain rescue operation changed as "rescue the rescuers". Lesson from the Yushu Earthquake is that the occurrence of acute altitude illness may be closely related to the ascent schedules. This prompted us to study the relationship between ascent rate and the incidence and severity of acute altitude illness;five different groups were compared. The first group was 42 sea level male young soldiers who ascended to quake area very rapidly within 8 h at 4 000 m;the second group was 48 sea level male young soldiers who ascended to 4 000 m rapidly less than 18 h;the third group was 66 acclimatized medical workers from 2 261 m who ascended to 4 000 m rapidly within 12 h;the fourth group was 56 Tibetan medical workers from 2 800 m who ascended to 4 000 m rapidly within 8 h;the fifth group was 50 male sea level workers who ascended to 4 000 m gradually over a period of 4 d. The results showed that the sea level rescuers ascended to 4 000 m very rapidly or rapidly had the highest incidence of acute mountain sickness (AMS) with the greatest AMS scores and the lowest arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2);the sea level workers ascended to 4 000 m gradually had moderate incidence of AMS with moderate AMS scores and SaO2 values;whereas the acclimatized and adapted rescuers had the lowest incidence of AMS,lowest AMS scores and higher SaO2;especially none AMS occurred in Tibetan rescuers. AMS score is inversely related to the ascent rate (r=-0.24,p< 0.001). Additionally,acute altitude illness is significantly influenced by altitude acclimatization. The ascent rate is inversely re- lated to the period of altitude acclimatization whereas the time of perfect recovered from AMS is positively correlated to the time taken to acclimatize. Generally,the best means of preventing acute altitude illness is slow and gradual ascent to high altitude,as this allows time for establishing altitude acclimatization and tolerance to the hypoxic environment. However,during an emergency circumstance,such as mountain rescue operation,the rescuers must rapidly ascend to high altitude,so a series of preventive strategies including pre-acclimatization,using some prophylactic drugs and oxygen supplementary are sorely necessary. 展开更多
关键词 Yushu earthquake ascent rate acute altitude illness high altitude acclimatization preventive strategies
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Disaster-prevention and Evacuation Functions of Urban Green Spaces in Dujiangyan City
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作者 ZHU Chunyan QIAO Zhenglin WANG Yang 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2013年第3期9-11,共3页
In view of disaster-prevention and evacuation functions of urban green spaces, data collection, field investigation and questionnaire survey were integrated to analyze current situation and functions of green spaces i... In view of disaster-prevention and evacuation functions of urban green spaces, data collection, field investigation and questionnaire survey were integrated to analyze current situation and functions of green spaces in Dujiangyan City. Suggestions for enhancing disaster-prevention and evacuation functions of urban green spaces were proposed on the basis of analyzing and summarizing investigation results. 展开更多
关键词 PARK green SPACES DISASTER prevention and EVACUATION earthquake Dujiangyan City
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Overview of Earthquake Preparedness and Disaster Mitigation in China1
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作者 Zhu ShilongDepartment of International Cooperation, China Seismological Bureau, Beijing 100036, China 《Earthquake Research in China》 2002年第3期210-216,共7页
As an earthquake-prone country, China has made sustained efforts in the study of earthquakes and disaster mitigation during the past several decades, with China Seismological Bureau (CSB) as the backbone of these effo... As an earthquake-prone country, China has made sustained efforts in the study of earthquakes and disaster mitigation during the past several decades, with China Seismological Bureau (CSB) as the backbone of these efforts. Working towards this purpose, a series of key projects were implemented in the “Ninth Five-Year Plan” (1995-2000) to upgrade earthquake monitoring systems and to improve the supporting infrastructure, significant results in earthquake science were achieved. In the new century, we have worked out a blueprint for earthquake preparedness and disaster mitigation in the “Tenth Five-Year Plan”, which emphases 3 systems (i.e. Seismic Monitoring & Prediction, Seismic Hazards Prevention, Emergency Response), and 10 key projects in earthquake science and technology. 展开更多
关键词 earthquake preparedness Disaster mitigation earthquake monitoring system Seismic hazards prevention Emergency response
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Paradigm shift and prospects of China's earthquake emergency management policies:Analysis of historical institutionalism
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作者 Xiangjie Cui 《Emergency Management Science and Technology》 2022年第1期120-132,共13页
China's earthquake emergency management policies have experienced a total of four types of paradigms:the paradigm focusing on disaster relief from 1949−1966,the paradigm focusing on earthquake prevention from 1966... China's earthquake emergency management policies have experienced a total of four types of paradigms:the paradigm focusing on disaster relief from 1949−1966,the paradigm focusing on earthquake prevention from 1966−1989,the paradigm focusing on earthquake mitigation from 1989−2016,and the paradigm integrating disaster prevention,mitigation,and relief from 2016 to present.Path dependence can be found in China’s earthquake emergency management policies,which have accumulated to implement comprehensive disaster mitigation based on a pure focus on disaster relief.In addition,earthquake emergency management policies also have a change logic in which subjects are increasingly diversified,policy tools are continuously developed and influenced by the economic system,and policy paradigm changes are influenced by the international environment,national strategies,and emergencies.In the future,earthquake emergency management policies should start from organizational change,digital change and rule of law construction to promote the modernization of China's earthquake emergency governance system and capacity. 展开更多
关键词 earthquake DISASTER prevention
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Comparison of Emergency Management Strategies for Nosocomial Infections Between Two Earthquakes
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作者 Xi-xi Li Mei He +2 位作者 Dong Wang Hai-Yan Wang Jia Pu 《Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research》 2023年第5期192-200,共9页
Aim:Based on the experience of the 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake and the 8.8 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake,the emergency management strategies for nosocomial infections were compared between the two earthquakes.The experience shar... Aim:Based on the experience of the 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake and the 8.8 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake,the emergency management strategies for nosocomial infections were compared between the two earthquakes.The experience shared in the present study provides a guideline for the emergency medical rescue of future earthquake.Methods:The patients involved in this study were those injured in the earthquake and admitted to the hospital for treatment.As an earthquake relief center,the hospital participated in the emergency rescue work of the two recent major earthquakes in western China.Review analysis was carried out in the hospital's infection control experience adopted in the two major earthquakes.It was emphasized that,targeting the characteristics and difficulties in the prevention and control of nosocomial infection,different innovative infection control emergency strategies were adopted by the frontline disaster relief hospitals,under the special circumstances and medical conditions in an earthquake disaster.Results:According to the different focus of infection control in the two earthquakes,different hospital infection control strategies were adopted,and the incidence of nosocomial infections was effectively controlled. 展开更多
关键词 earthquake Medical rescue Emergency responders prevention of nosocomial infection
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短周期线性密集台阵揭示宣城地区浅部地壳速度结构及断裂发育特征
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作者 方捷 姚华建 +2 位作者 李杰 李俊伦 周桂理 《地球与行星物理论评(中英文)》 2025年第2期201-214,共14页
宣城市位于东南丘陵与长江中下游平原过渡地带,区内经历多期构造活动,地质构造复杂且断裂十分发育,开展宣城地区浅部速度结构和断裂带探测,不仅有助于深入了解区内地质构造和成矿作用,还可以为区域地震危险性和危害性评价提供重要的参... 宣城市位于东南丘陵与长江中下游平原过渡地带,区内经历多期构造活动,地质构造复杂且断裂十分发育,开展宣城地区浅部速度结构和断裂带探测,不仅有助于深入了解区内地质构造和成矿作用,还可以为区域地震危险性和危害性评价提供重要的参考模型.本文在研究区布设了一条由110套三分量地震仪组成的短周期线性密集台阵,利用采集的一个月的三分量背景噪声数据,采用噪声谱比方法(HVSR)探测研究区场地峰值频率及基岩界面结构;通过垂直分量背景噪声数据重建经验格林函数,采用拓距相移法(ERPS)提取相速度频散曲线并反演线性台阵下方浅部地壳精细横波速度结构.基于HVSR计算的场地峰值频率和基岩界面埋深,刻画了测线下方浅部地表松散沉积层的结构,结果显示研究区内皖南山区基岩埋深较浅,盆地区域基岩埋深较深,地表松散沉积层的厚度最大可至地下80 m,此外还评估了区内地震破坏性和建筑的抗震性,认为研究区内平均振幅放大系数相对较高,局部区域可能会产生明显的地震放大效应,并且皖南山区低矮建筑(1~2层)及宣城—南陵盆地区域的高层建筑(7层及以上)在抗震设防上应当特别注意;依据反演的二维横波速度模型,获得了研究区浅部地壳6 km以深的结构,结果显示宣城—南陵盆地在浅部表现为明显的低速特征,其基底深度可达2 km,并且盆地部分区域呈现相对高速的异常特征,指示在区域多期构造活动中产生的岩浆侵入和逆冲推覆构造作用。此外,区内深部总体表现为高低速异常交替分布的“叠瓦状”构造模式,出现的多处低速异常带推断分别是周王断裂、江南断裂和茅山断裂以及清水河—河湾断裂的构造破碎带,指示了研究区内经历的多期次挤压—拉伸的强烈变形改造.综合上述研究成果,本研究为宣城地区地质构造条件的分析、地震危险性及危害性的评价以及区域找矿勘查等相关工作提供了新的依据. 展开更多
关键词 背景噪声成像 H/V谱比 拓距相移 地壳浅层结构 断裂带探测 地震灾害预防
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融媒体背景下防震减灾新型科普模式探索与研究
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作者 卢山 张鐘月 +2 位作者 邹博 滕藤 曾冠男 《防灾减灾学报》 2024年第2期86-91,共6页
随着互联网技术的提升,我国科普信息传播模式也随之发生改变。资源通融、内容兼融、宣传互融、利益共融的新型融媒体时代为防震减灾科普模式的发展提供了机遇,也提出了新的挑战。在互联网、大数据、云计算、人工智能等大环境下,大众对... 随着互联网技术的提升,我国科普信息传播模式也随之发生改变。资源通融、内容兼融、宣传互融、利益共融的新型融媒体时代为防震减灾科普模式的发展提供了机遇,也提出了新的挑战。在互联网、大数据、云计算、人工智能等大环境下,大众对于地震科学普及的要求越来越高,防震减灾的科普工作日益受到重视。本文探讨了新媒体发挥各自的优势,加强公众的需求分析,利用信息技术促进地震科普传播的必然趋势,提高大众对防震减灾的认知,能够充分了解地震,具备避震和震后自救的能力,最大限度地减少地震造成的损失。通过不断更新的传播媒介,探索与研究防震减灾新型科普宣传模式。 展开更多
关键词 融媒体 防震减灾 科普宣传 信息技术 科普模式
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城市避难场所防震减灾韧性评价体系研究——以上海市区为例
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作者 李晓萍 陆佳鋆 胡青蜜 《地震工程学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期214-223,共10页
为增强城市的防震减灾能力,韧性理念提供了一种新的解决思路。从避难场所韧性的吸收能力、恢复能力和适应能力出发,选取24个指标构建避难场所的防震减灾韧性评价指标体系,并以地处我国南方港口且经济发达的上海市为例,分析市区31个避难... 为增强城市的防震减灾能力,韧性理念提供了一种新的解决思路。从避难场所韧性的吸收能力、恢复能力和适应能力出发,选取24个指标构建避难场所的防震减灾韧性评价指标体系,并以地处我国南方港口且经济发达的上海市为例,分析市区31个避难场所的防震减灾韧性水平。结果表明:上海市区的避难场所大部分处于中等韧性水平,该评价体系可以有效发现避难场所应对地震灾害时存在的薄弱之处,从而提出针对性的措施,可以为我国城市避难场所的韧性规划提供借鉴。 展开更多
关键词 避难场所韧性 防震减灾 评价指标体系 上海
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我国防震减灾文化建设研究
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作者 王萍 安立强 《四川地震》 2024年第3期36-41,共6页
为推进我国防震减灾文化建设,厚植全社会防震减灾文化氛围,在辨析防震减灾文化主体、要素、定位和目标的基础上,提出了防震减灾文化的定义、分类和特性。通过分析防震减灾文化建设的意义、方法和内容,基于“地震-文化”的互动逻辑,提出... 为推进我国防震减灾文化建设,厚植全社会防震减灾文化氛围,在辨析防震减灾文化主体、要素、定位和目标的基础上,提出了防震减灾文化的定义、分类和特性。通过分析防震减灾文化建设的意义、方法和内容,基于“地震-文化”的互动逻辑,提出了构建地震灾害记忆体系和激发文化防震减灾作用3个方面的措施建议。 展开更多
关键词 防震减灾 文化建设 地震灾害
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甘肃积石山Ms 6.2级地震的同震地质灾害基本特征及风险防控建议 被引量:7
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作者 王立朝 侯圣山 +8 位作者 董英 铁永波 张鸣之 杨旭东 肖锐铧 刘明学 冯振 张永军 王仲复 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》 CSCD 2024年第3期108-118,共11页
2023年12月18日甘肃省临夏州积石山县发生Ms6.2级地震,引发了大量地质灾害,威胁人民生命与基础设施的安全。地震后,甘肃、青海两省迅速开展地质灾害隐患核查,文章基于这次地震地质灾害调查成果,对积石山地震诱发地质灾害的特征、控制因... 2023年12月18日甘肃省临夏州积石山县发生Ms6.2级地震,引发了大量地质灾害,威胁人民生命与基础设施的安全。地震后,甘肃、青海两省迅速开展地质灾害隐患核查,文章基于这次地震地质灾害调查成果,对积石山地震诱发地质灾害的特征、控制因素、发展趋势进行了分析,提出防灾减灾措施建议。截至12月23日,共核查隐患点2044处,包括78处新增地质灾害隐患、88处地震加剧变形的在库隐患点和1878处无明显变形的在库隐患点。新增和变形加剧的隐患点数量以崩塌居多,占67.5%,滑坡次之,占31.9%;规模等级以小型居多,占84.9%,中型次之,占10.8%;成灾模式多为小型崩塌威胁房屋和道路。同震地质灾害密集分布于发震断层附近,发育密度随地震烈度增强而增大。国家地质安全监测台网震中50 km范围内206组加速度计数据显示,震区峰值加速度为30.4~1969.7 mg,并随与震中距离的增大呈对数衰减。此外,地表变形监测设备也记录了典型滑坡的同震位移曲线。分析认为,积石山地震地质灾害后效应与链式致灾效应将增强,建议尽快更新震区地质灾害隐患点数据库,有针对性地实施风险防控措施,深入开展综合遥感监测与同震地质灾害机理研究,完善气象预警模型及阈值,有效降低地质灾害风险。 展开更多
关键词 地质灾害 地震 甘肃积石山 黄土 风险防控
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全域科普背景下天津地震科普发展对策研究
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作者 王萍 《天津科技》 2024年第S01期116-120,共5页
全域科普的蓬勃发展为地震科普带来了新的机遇和挑战。在总结分析全域科普背景下地震科普工作面临的新形势和新矛盾的基础上,重点围绕推进社会化机制建设、市场化机制建设、全媒体平台建设和服务供给侧改革4个方面提出相应对策建议,旨... 全域科普的蓬勃发展为地震科普带来了新的机遇和挑战。在总结分析全域科普背景下地震科普工作面临的新形势和新矛盾的基础上,重点围绕推进社会化机制建设、市场化机制建设、全媒体平台建设和服务供给侧改革4个方面提出相应对策建议,旨在推进天津地震科普工作高质量发展,助力全域科普落地见效。 展开更多
关键词 全域科普 防震减灾 对策研究
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