Research on Functional Characteristics of Karst Eco-economic Compound System in Guizhou Province

Based on the eco-economy theory,this paper analyzed the characteristics of the components of eco-economic compound system of karst region in Guizhou Province.The functional characteristics of eco-economic compound system of karst region in Guizhou Province were analyzed.The functional characteristics were as follows:low biological production of Guizhou Province;weak capacity of ecosystem;slow speed of storage and accumulation of material and serious environmental pollution;low production and efficiency of energy;serious wastes of energy.On the basis of functional characteristics of eco-economic compound System in Karst region.Some views in terms of maintenance and reconstruction of compound system,were put forward,including laying stress on improving ecological system;choosing and cultivating the advanced species that suit the Karst region;improving the amount and speed of material accumulation,at the same time,introducing into advanced production technologies and management experience;reducing the energy efficiency of each section in economic system and improving the transformation efficiency of energy.

Compound 3k治疗骨关节炎:调控氧化应激通路改善软骨细胞糖酵解的作用机制

背景:骨关节炎现已被认为是一种代谢性疾病,既往研究表明糖酵解在骨关节炎的发生发展中起重要作用。Compound 3k作为一种新型糖酵解小分子抑制剂,具有抗炎及抗肿瘤等功效,因此可靶向糖酵解,有望为骨关节炎治疗提供新的思路。目的:基于缺氧诱导因子1α/活性氧的氧化应激通路探究Compound 3k在糖酵解过度活跃所导致的骨关节炎中的作用机制。方法:取对数生长期的ATDC5成软骨细胞,用10 ng/mL白细胞介素1β作用24 h诱导骨关节炎体外细胞模型,以CCK-8法检测不同浓度(0.25,0.5,1,2.5,5,10,15μmol/L)Compound 3k的细胞毒性,选出合适浓度进行后续实验。将软骨细胞随机分为对照组、模型组、治疗组,模型组以10 ng/mL的白细胞介素1β诱导,治疗组以Compound 3k预刺激2 h后与白细胞介素1β共培养,用CCK-8法检测各组细胞增殖情况;用ELISA试剂盒检测各组细胞炎症水平;用试剂盒检测各组细胞活性氧、细胞外乳酸脱氢酶及葡萄糖含量;qRT-PCR及Western blot检测相关炎症因子白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α及糖酵解相关基因葡萄糖转运蛋白1、甘油醛3-磷酸脱氢酶、单羧酸转运蛋白1和缺氧诱导因子1α的表达水平。结果与结论:①与对照组相比,模型组细胞增殖活性下降、糖酵解水平活跃,表现为细胞外乳酸脱氢酶含量增加(P<0.001),葡萄糖含量减少(P<0.001),相关炎症因子白细胞介素6(P<0.0001)及肿瘤坏死因子α(P<0.001),糖酵解相关基因葡萄糖转运蛋白1(P<0.001)、甘油醛3-磷酸脱氢酶(P<0.001)、单羧酸转运蛋白1(P<0.001)及缺氧诱导因子1α(P<0.001)的表达水平均上调,并伴随氧化应激,活性氧过量产生。②与模型组相比,Compound 3k的治疗有效提高细胞增殖活性,抑制过度活跃的糖酵解水平的同时,抑制了骨关节炎软骨细胞炎症(P<0.001)及糖酵解相关基因的表达(P<0.001),且抑制氧化应激,缺氧诱导因子1α的表达水平下调(P<0.0001),活性氧水平下降。③上述结果证实,Compound 3k抑制了白细胞介素1β诱导的软骨细胞炎症,其机制可能与糖酵解及缺氧诱导因子1α/活性氧介导的氧化应激有关。

Study on Regionalization of High Efficiency Eco-agriculture in Eco-economic Zone of Poyang Lake

The high efficient eco-agricultural zone in Eco-economic Region of Poyang Lake was divided into three different areas. 12 indicators including per capita cultivated land,forest coverage,comprehensive utilization rate of straw,the ratio of the effective irrigation area to the arable land,amount of pesticide usage per unit area of arable land,the output value ratio of planting industry,the output value ratio of forestry and fruit industry,the output value ratio of stock farming,the output value ratio of fishery,the proportion of sown area of crop,proportion of sown area of oil plants and the proportion of sown area of vegetable were screened to construct the indicator system of regionalization of high efficient eco-agriculture. The average index values of the high efficient eco-agricultural regionalization of three regions were obtained,the development direction of the efficient eco-agriculture construction of three areas were analyzed according to the natural resources characteristics f eco-agricultural and requirements of high efficient eco-agricultural development of the regions.

Tourism Development Strategy in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Area from the Perspective of Industrial Cluster

As a regional tourism development strategy, tourism industrial cluster can promote the core competitiveness of tourism industry in advantageous regions and the great-leap-forward development of regions with less-developed tourism industry. The conditions of forming tourism industrial cluster in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Area was analyzed, the development strategies for tourism industry from the perspective of industrial cluster was put forward.

Study on Planning and Design Mode of Eco-agricultural Demonstration Base in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone

Guided by the Planning of Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone, traffic and geographic conditions of the Eco-agricultural Demonstration Base in the study area were analyzed, and design principles proposed as "adaptation to local conditions, scientific planning, benign circulation and sustainable development". Detailed planning and design was interpreted from the perspectives of infrastructure planning and functional area planning. Specifically, infrastructure construction should focus on traffic design, water, power and gas supply design, and also architectural design; while functional areas should be gradually developed from south section to central and then north section. It was to establish a design and planning mode that can be widely applied.

Eco-economic evolution, emergy evaluation and policy options for the sustainable development of Tibet

As economies and ecological support systems become more interdependent, new disciplines are needed to 'bridge the gap' of understanding between societies and nature. It is now clear that neither ecology nor economics alone can address the problems of our global commons. New measures of wealth, of value, of contributions and production are needed that acknowledge the 'natural capital' and 'ecosystem services' provided from healthy environments. A new interface is now being recognized termed 'eco-economics'. It is an ambitious and necessary attempt to understand the affairs of humanity and nature as a single, interdependent system. New tools are being invested to measure wealth. services and production fairly and equitably. In this report we use systems analysis approach to study the combined ecological-economic system of Tibet We use an alternative measure of value, based on real contributions to system performance, termed EMERGY, spelt with an 'M'. It is an accounting unit of total contributions, direct and indirect. used in generating a product or service. It is a concept derived from understanding whole systems, their interactions and interdependence, and the resources driving and maintaining them. This broader approach will help us to investigate Tibetan resources utilization and potentialities and exchange. Emergy analysis allows comparison and incroporation of environmental costs and benefits with variables of traditional economic costs and benefits to provide a more comprehensive perspective for public policy directives. Through this research, we think: 1) China has made a great effort in making Tibet develop from a closed regional system to a more and more opened regional system which is very important to the sustainable development of Tibet. 2) The increase of economic development and population growth has a close relationship with the total emergy storage and use in transportation. Education in modern science and technology increased the shared emergy of Tibetans to modern science and technology and stimulated the process of matching material and energy imports from outside with local resources. 3) There is great potential to develop hydropower and geothermal reserves that may stimulate not only economic development but also the better use of environment. 4) The better trained population can increase the empower of Tibet eco-economic system. Future development needs all kinds of talent exchanges with the outside system to develop education. 3) Compared with the Tibet economic system, Taiwan economic system is much more competitive. GNP and emergy use are very useful functions for comparing the competitive power of different ecological economic systems.

Degree of coupling and coordination of eco-economic system and the influencing factors： a case study in Yanchi County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China

Based on the statistical data, we analyzed and evaluated the degree of coupling and coordination of the eco-economic system in Yanchi County for the period spanning from 1983 to 2014. The eco-economic system can be divided into socioeconomic and ecological sub-systems and their relationship can reveal the interaction state between the two sub-systems and help the local government to establish a coordinated development mode. An index system was constructed to assess the development of the two sub-systems before the evaluation of the degree of coupling and coordination. The principal component regression analysis was adopted to quantitatively assess the influences of natural, economic and social factors on the degree of coupling and coordination of the eco-economic system. Results showed that, from 1983 to 2014, the development trends of both sub-systems were increasing with the ecological sub-system having more fluctuations. The degree of coupling and coordination of the eco-economic system in the study area increased gradually from 1983 to 2014, but experienced five different development stages from the verge of disorder to favorable coordination. The development of the local social and economic conditions was the most important factor influencing the degree of coupling and coordination. The second most important factor was the financial support from the local government. In addition, the environment protection policies also played undeniable roles. Due to the diversity of the influence factors, the government should take comprehensive measures to promote the sustainable development of the eco-economic system.

Complementary Zoning Frameworks for Sustainable Management of Eco-economic Capital:a Case Study of Lijiang,China

We propose two zoning frameworks for regional decision-makers to regulate eco-economic capital in Lijiang,southwest China,using an index system,layer overlay,and GIS spatial analysis.The frameworks include eco-economic zoning and major function-oriented zoning,with an emphasis on ecoeconomic capital and human activities.The two frameworks share common advantages in top-down resource regulation by a certain function and the pursuit of competitiveness,sustainability and welfare fairness.Their differences in development orientation,functional links and scale suitability provide a complementary approach for regional decisionmakers.The frameworks will help to understand complex eco-economic resource patterns and foster appropriate regional regulation strategies.

Eco-economic control mode and benefit analysis of rock desertification region in Huajiang Karst Valley of Guizhou Province

It is difficult to afforest in rock desertification region and is the key area for eco-environment treatment. To speed up the comprehensive treatment of rock desertification, several anti-rock desertification modes implemented in Dingtan region, located on the right bank of Huajiang Grand Valley in Beipanjiang Town, are introduced as examples. This paper first analyzes the natural and environmental conditions, the development of rock desertification in the Dingtan region, then the detail of the treatment modes, such as “Chinese wingleaf pricklyash – pig breeding – marsh gas” (Mode One), “amomum villosum – pig breeding – marsh gas” mode (Mode Two), “traditional grain and economic crop (corn, peanut) – amomum villosum or Chinese wingleaf pricklyash” (Mode Three), etc. The eco-economic effects, potential and shortcomings of the above mentioned modes are analyzed and compared. It is proved that Mode One and Mode Two are of good economic effect, but Mode Three of better ecological effect. Solutions to the shortcomings of the modes are also put forward.

Comparative evaluation of commercial Douchi by different molds:biogenic amines,non-volatile and volatile compounds

To provide new insights into the development and utilization of Douchi artificial starters,three common strains(Aspergillus oryzae,Mucor racemosus,and Rhizopus oligosporus)were used to study their influence on the fermentation of Douchi.The results showed that the biogenic amine contents of the three types of Douchi were all within the safe range and far lower than those of traditional fermented Douchi.Aspergillus-type Douchi produced more free amino acids than the other two types of Douchi,and its umami taste was more prominent in sensory evaluation(P<0.01),while Mucor-type and Rhizopus-type Douchi produced more esters and pyrazines,making the aroma,sauce,and Douchi flavor more abundant.According to the Pearson and PLS analyses results,sweetness was significantly negatively correlated with phenylalanine,cysteine,and acetic acid(P<0.05),bitterness was significantly negatively correlated with malic acid(P<0.05),the sour taste was significantly positively correlated with citric acid and most free amino acids(P<0.05),while astringency was significantly negatively correlated with glucose(P<0.001).Thirteen volatile compounds such as furfuryl alcohol,phenethyl alcohol,and benzaldehyde caused the flavor difference of three types of Douchi.This study provides theoretical basis for the selection of starting strains for commercial Douchi production.

Effect of different drying methods on the amino acids,α-dicarbonyls and volatile compounds of rape bee pollen

The significant demand for high quality food has motivated us to adopt appropriate processing methods to improve the food nutritional quality and flavors.In this study,the effects of five drying methods,namely,pulsed vacuum drying(PVD),freeze drying(FD),infrared drying(IRD),hot-air drying(HAD)and sun drying(SD)on free amino acids(FAAs),α-dicarbonyl compounds(α-DCs)and volatile compounds(VOCs)in rape bee pollen(RBP)were determined.The results showed that FD significantly released the essential amino acids(EAAs)compared with fresh samples while SD caused the highest loss.Glucosone was the dominantα-DCs in RBP and the highest loss was observed after PVD.Aldehydes were the dominant volatiles of RBP and SD samples contained more new volatile substances(especially aldehydes)than the other four drying methods.Comprehensively,FD and PVD would be potential methods to effectively reduce the quality deterioration of RBP in the drying process.

Yield of Agricultural Eco-economic System in Dongting Rim

To analyze the efficiency of the agro-ecosystem of Dongting Rim in Hunan Province,this paper adopted the emergy theory to study the agricultural output of this region during 2001 to 2010.The results showed that the value of regional agricultural emergy output increased by44.68%to(6.50 E)sej,but lower than the growth of non-agricultural industry output.Compared with 2001,the emergy output of planting industry was(4.10E)sej in 2010 which occupied 63.09%of the total agricultural emergy output and got an increase of 2.93 percentage points,while the emergy output of stock farming got a decrease of 2.87 percentage points.The growth of fishery emergy output was not in conformity with the characteristics of Dongting Rim in Hunan.From the contrast between emergy output and economic output,we could find that the economic return ratio of planting industry and fishery industry were lower than those of forestry industry and stock farming industry,which indicated that it is necessary to improve the economic benefits of planting industry and fishery industry which were the traditional industries with advantages of the Dongting Rim in Hunan.

Emergy Analysis of Sustainability of Eco-economic System in Sichuan's Baisha River Valley

Using emergy analysis method,I conduct quantitative analysis of social,economic and natural systems in Sichuan's Baisha River valley during the period 2002-2006,through the establishment of indicators.I compare the emergy of Baisha River valley,with that of Xinjiang's Manas River valley and Sichuan Province,and evaluate the sustainable development conditions in Baisha River valley,in order to provide corresponding reference for the development and utilization of Baisha River valley in the future.The results show that from the perspective of emergy input of economic system,Baisha River valley is a typical ecological and economic zone with rich resources to be developed;in terms of the development of natural conditions and utilization of ecological resources,the resource utilization intensity of Baisha River valley is weak and the environmental loading ratio there is low,thus the level of emergy yield needs to be improved;the system of Baisha River valley has enormous capacity for sustainable development and good potential for development.

Numerical modeling of fracture propagation of supercritical CO_(2)compound fracturing

The exploitation of shale gas is promising due to depletion of the conventional energy and intensification of the greenhouse effect.In this paper,we proposed a heat-fluid-solid coupling damage model of supercritical CO_(2)(SC-CO_(2))compound fracturing which is expected to be an efficient and environmentally friendly way to develop shale gas.The coupling model is solved by the finite element method,and the results are in good agreement with the analytical solutions and fracturing experiments.Based on this model,the fracture propagation characteristics at the two stages of compound fracturing are studied and the influence of pressurization rate,in situ stress,bedding angle,and other factors are considered.The results show that at the SC-CO_(2)fracturing stage,a lower pressurization rate is conducive to formation of the branches around main fractures,while a higher pressurization rate inhibits formation of the branches around main fractures and promotes formation of the main fractures.Both bedding and in situ stress play a dominant role in the fracture propagation.When the in situ stress ratio(δ_(x)/δ_(y))is 1,the presence of bedding can reduce the initiation pressure and failure pressure.Nevertheless,it will cause the fracture to propagate along the bedding direction,reducing the fracture complexity.In rocks without bedding,hydraulic fracturing has the lengthening and widening effects for SC-CO_(2)induced fracture.In shale,fractures induced at the hydraulic fracturing stage are more likely to be dominated by in situ stresses and have a shorter reorientation radius.Therefore,fracture branches propagating along the maximum principal stress direction may be generated around the main fractures induced by SC-CO_(2)at the hydraulic fracturing stage.When the branches converge with the main fractures,fracture zones are easily formed,and thus the fracture complexity and damage area can be significantly increased.The results are instructive for the design and application of SC-CO_(2)compound fracturing.

Role of methoxy and C_(α)-based substituents in electrochemical oxidation mechanisms and bond cleavage selectivity of β-O-4 lignin model compounds

In order to better understand the specific substituent effects on the electrochemical oxidation process of β-O-4 bond, a series of methoxyphenyl type β-O-4 dimer model compounds with different localized methoxyl groups, including 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-phenylethanone, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-phenylethanol, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol, 2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone, 2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol have been selected and their electrochemical properties have been studied experimentally by cyclic voltammetry, and FT-IR spectroelectrochemistry. Combining with electrolysis products distribution analysis and density functional theory calculations, oxidation mechanisms of all six model dimers have been explored. In particular, a total effect from substituents of both para-methoxy(on the aryl ring closing to Cα) and Cα-OH on the oxidation mechanisms has been clearly observed, showing a significant selectivity on the Cα-Cβbond cleavage induced by electrochemical oxidations.

Preparation of lactic acid bacteria compound starter cultures based on pasting properties and its improvement of glutinous rice flour and dough

The effects of 5 lactic acid bacteria(LAB)fermentation on the pasting properties of glutinous rice flour were compared,and suitable fermentation strains were selected based on the changes of viscosity,setback value,and breakdown value to prepare LAB compound starter cultures.The results revealed that Latilactobacillus sakei HSD004 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HSD005 had apparent advantages in increasing the viscosity and reducing the setback and breakdown values of glutinous rice flour.In particular,the compound starter created using the two abovementioned LAB in the ratio of 3:1 had better performance than that using a single LAB in improving the pasting properties and increasing the water and oil absorption capacity of glutinous rice flour.Moreover,the gelatinization enthalpy of the fermented samples increased significantly.For frozen glutinous rice dough stored for 28 days,the viscoelasticity of frozen dough prepared by compound starter was better than that of control dough,and the freezable water content was lower than that of control dough.These results indicate that compound LAB fermentation is a promising technology in the glutinous rice-based food processing industry,which has significance for its application.

Modern approaches for detection of volatile organic compounds in metabolic studies focusing on pathogenic bacteria:Current state of the art

Pathogenic microorganisms produce numerous metabolites,including volatile organic compounds(VOCs).Monitoring these metabolites in biological matrices(e.g.,urine,blood,or breath)can reveal the presence of specific microorganisms,enabling the early diagnosis of infections and the timely implementation of tar-geted therapy.However,complex matrices only contain trace levels of VOCs,and their constituent com-ponents can hinder determination of these compounds.Therefore,modern analytical techniques enabling the non-invasive identification and precise quantification of microbial VOCs are needed.In this paper,we discuss bacterial VOC analysis under in vitro conditions,in animal models and disease diagnosis in humans,including techniques for offline and online analysis in clinical settings.We also consider the advantages and limitations of novel microextraction techniques used to prepare biological samples for VOC analysis,in addition to reviewing current clinical studies on bacterial volatilomes that address inter-species in-teractions,the kinetics of VOC metabolism,and species-and drug-resistance specificity.

Eco-economic research and construction of harmonious society in China:a survey of the 7^(th)Biennial Conference of Chinese Ecological Economics Society,2006

The 7th Biennial Conference of Chinese Ecological Economics Society (CEES) was held from 5th to 7th, Nov.2006 in Qingdao University. The paper summarizes the major viewpoint presented at the conference: eco-economicresearch and construction of a harmonious society in China. The conference put forward that it is an objectivity andinevitability for human being to enter the harmonious society, that eco-economics is one of the theoretical bases for theconstruction of the harmonious society, and that the research of eco-economics in China should reflect new contentsdeveloped in the process of modernization in China and make proper contributions to the construction of the harmonioussociety.

Assessment of electrostatic discharge sensitivity of nitrogen-rich heterocyclic energetic compounds and their salts as high energy-density dangerous compounds:A study of structural variables

Nitrogen-rich heterocyclic energetic compounds(NRHECs)and their salts have witnessed widespread synthesis in recent years.The substantial energy-density content within these compounds can lead to potentially dangerous explosive reactions when subjected to external stimuli such as electrical discharge.Therefore,developing a reliable model for predicting their electrostatic discharge sensitivity(ESD)becomes imperative.This study proposes a novel and straightforward model based on the presence of specific groups(-NH_(2) or-NH-,-N=N^(+)-O^(-)and-NNO_(2),-ONO_(2) or-NO_(2))under certain conditions to assess the ESD of NRHECs and their salts,employing interpretable structural parameters.Utilizing a comprehensive dataset comprising 54 ESD measurements of NRHECs and their salts,divided into 49/5 training/test sets,the model achieves promising results.The Root Mean Square Error(RMSE),Mean Absolute Error(MAE),and Maximum Error for the training set are reported as 0.16 J,0.12 J,and 0.5 J,respectively.Notably,the ratios RMSE(training)/RMSE(test),MAE(training)/MAE(test),and Max Error(training)/Max Error(test)are all greater than 1.0,indicating the robust predictive capabilities of the model.The presented model demonstrates its efficacy in providing a reliable assessment of ESD for the targeted NRHECs and their salts,without the need for intricate computer codes or expert involvement.

Organic Compounds Possessing the Plastic Crystalline Phase: Calculation of Their Fusion Enthalpies

For the first time, for different organic and inorganic compounds possessing the plastic crystalline phase, a new semiempirical equation describing dependence of their fusion enthalpies on such physico-chemical quantities as normal melting temperature, surface tension, molar volume and critical molar volume is received on the base of the principle of corresponding states and the energy equipartition theorem. Moreover, the proposed equation allows one to take into account the particularities of one-particle molecular rotation in the plastic crystalline phase.