Economy Function in the Mode of Sustainable Development

To implement the previously formulated principles of sustainable economic development, all solutions of the linear system of equations and inequalities, which are satisfied by the vector of real consumption, are completely described. It is established that the vector of real consumption with the minimum level of excess supply is determined by the solution of some quadratic programming problem. The necessary and sufficient conditions are established under which the economic system, described by the “input-output” production model, functions in the mode of sustainable development. A complete description of the equilibrium states for which markets are partially cleared in the economy model of production “input-output” is given, on the basis that all solutions of system of linear equations and inequalities are completely described. The existence of a family of taxation vectors in the “input-output” model of production, under which the economic system is able to function in the mode of sustainable development, is proved. Restrictions were found for the vector of taxation in the economic system, under which the economic system is able to function in the mode of sustainable development.

A model to estimate available timber and forest biomass and reforestation expenses in a mountainous region in Japan

We developed a model to estimate supply potentials and available amounts of timber and forest biomass resources from profitable sub-compartments of thinning and final felling operations. Economic balances were estimated while considering not only harvesting expenses but also reforestation expenses after final felling, which should be considered for sustainable forest management. Harvesting expenses were estimated based on two types of timber harvesting systems and three types of forest biomass harvesting systems in each sub-compartment. Then, the model was applied to Nasushiobara city of Tochigi prefecture, Japan. Reforestation expenses had large negative impacts on the financial balances of final felling operations. Few sub-compartments were profitable after considering reforestation expenses. Most profitable sub-compartments were those with mechanized operation systems and landing sales. These accounted for 17.19% of all sub-compartments, while only 5.75% of the sub-compartments were profitable based on their current operation systems and landing sales. Although the overall supply potentials of timber and forest biomass resources were 380,000 m3 and 210,000 Mg, respectively, and 15 times the planned harvest of coniferous tree volume of 25,000 m3year-1 and 50 times the annual demand for the woody gasification power generation of 4,000 Mg year-1 in Nasushiobara, available amounts of timber and forest biomass resources were only49,429 m3 and 33,333 Mg, which were 13.0% and 15.7% of supply potentials for landing sales with mechanized operation systems.

Research on the Scientific Connotation of New Development Pattern

General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important exposition on building the new development pattern is an important theoretical viewpoint of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics.The theory is to understand and reveal the objective law of the development of things,which requires us to use the theoretical method of economics to demonstrate the understanding and grasp of the objective law of the economy.The ideological source of the important exposition on new development pattern can only be explored in Marxist theory.Marx’s surplus value theory is based on an analysis of the economic cycle of capitalist domestic production,distribution,circulation and consumption,and reveals the general law of socialized mass production.The important exposition on the new development pattern is precisely the application,innovation and development of this scientific principle under the condition of socialist economy.Scholars should not examine,understand or explain the objective requirement of“taking the domestic market as the mainstay”from the perspective of“dependence on foreign trade”.An empirical study on the contribution of China’s three major demands to economic growth shows that the important judgment on the new development pattern not only reveals the basic characteristics of China’s economic development,but also points out its future trend.That“domestic and overseas markets reinforce each other”is not only a summary of China’s historical practice in its economic interaction with the rest of the world,but also denies the one-sided theoretical viewpoint in Western mainstream international economics,and reveals the objective law of the dynamic balance between China and the open world economy on the basis of pluralistic balance.The important exposition on the new development pattern also contains the main contents of how to implement the new development philosophy and deepen the reform inevitable in building a modern socialist country in the new development stage.It is the theoretical cornerstone of the guilding ideology of deepening reform.