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The Emerging Dimensions of China-Pakistan Economic Cooperation and CPEC:Significance and Challenges
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作者 Muhammadi Hongsong Liu Iqtidar Hussain 《Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences》 2022年第4期531-551,共21页
This study examines the economic dimensions of China–Pakistan cooperation,mainly focusing on the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC).CPEC is a key project under China’s Belt and Road Initiative.The project is co... This study examines the economic dimensions of China–Pakistan cooperation,mainly focusing on the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC).CPEC is a key project under China’s Belt and Road Initiative.The project is considered significant for Beijing’s initiatives to“bridging the gap”with its landlocked regions,especially its Xinjiang autonomous region.CPEC is regarded as a“game-changer project”for Pakistan’s economy,a“flagship project,”and a“gateway project”for BRI overall.CPEC plays a significant role in developing both countries,particularly Pakistan,through regional integration,connectivity,and economic growth.Besides the importance of CPEC,this study examines specific challenges for the CPEC project.It identifies the influential role of the US in South Asia as a global challenge,India’s proxies and political uncertainty in Afghanistan as regional challenges,and security,terrorism,and lack of consensus among political parties and provinces as internal challenges.This study is carried out by using exploratory case studies for qualitative data relying on primary data,including the interviews of high officials,academics,and other experts on the subject,and secondary sources such as journal articles and books,among others.The paper provided policy input to the Government of Pakistan and China regarding the importance of CPEC for the country's economic development and urged both countries to look into domestic,regional,and global challenges for this project. 展开更多
关键词 China-Pakistan relations economic dimensions CPEC BRI CHALLENGES Opportunities
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Global warming projections using the human–earth system model BNU-HESM1.0 被引量:8
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作者 Shili Yang Wenjie Dong +8 位作者 Jieming Chou Jinming Feng Zhigang Wei Yan Guo Xiaohang Wen Ting Wei Di Tian Xian Zhu Zhiyong Yang 《Science Bulletin》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第23期1833-1838,共6页
Future climate change is usually projected by coupled earth system models under specific emission sce- narios designed by integrated assessment models (IAMs), and this offline approach means there is no interaction ... Future climate change is usually projected by coupled earth system models under specific emission sce- narios designed by integrated assessment models (IAMs), and this offline approach means there is no interaction between the coupled earth system models and the IAMs. This paper introduces a new method to design possible future emission scenarios and corresponding climate change, in which a simple economic and climate damage component is added to the coupled earth system model of Beijing Normal University (BNU-ESM). With the growth of population and technological expertise and the declining emission-to-output ratio described in the Dynamic Inte- grated Climate-Economy model, the projected carbon emission is 13.7 Gt C, resulting in a 2.4℃ warming by the end of the twenty-first century (2080-2099) compared with 1980-1999. This paper also suggests the importance of the land and ocean carbon cycle in determining the CO2 con- centration in the atmosphere. It is hoped that in the near future the next generation of coupled earth system models that include both the natural system and the social dimension will be developed. 展开更多
关键词 Coupled earth system model Globalchange Climate projection economic dimension
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