Sociodemographic and Economic Factors Associated with Urinary Bilharzia in the Municipalities of Sô-Ava, Aguegues and N’Dali in Benin

Introduction: This research, conducted in the municipalities of Aguégués, Sô-Ava, and N’dali in Benin, focused on identifying socio-demographic and economic factors associated with urinary bilharzia in 415 school-aged children from 8 to 14 years. Using urine test strips and filtration techniques, the study found prevalences ranging from 11.88% to 34.53% across the municipalities. Method: Epidemiological data (urine) were collected and examined with test strips to assess the presence of terminal haematuria: the prevalence of infestation and parasite density was quantified using the filtration technique. Socio-demographic and economic factors were recorded using a questionnaire to assess the correlation with disease. Results: Prevalences of 34.53% (N = 48 out of 139), 13.53% (N = 18 out of 133) and 11.88% (N = 17 out of 143) respectively for the municipalities of Aguégués, N’dali and Sô Ava were calculated. The study showed that the variables “age”, “sex”, “religion” and “socio-professional” activity were not significantly correlated with bilharziasis (p > 0.05) and it appears that these factors are not related to bilharziasis in the surveyed households. While age, sex, religion, and socio-professional activity showed no significant correlation with bilharziasis, factors like agriculture, fishing, and place of residence were statistically significant in relation to the disease. Conclusion: The findings suggest that these socio-demographic and economic factors impede the elimination of schistosomiasis in the examined areas.

Dynamic Variation of Vegetation and Its Response to Economic Factors in the Border Area of Heilongjiang Province

[Objective] The aim was to study the dynamic variation of vegetation and its response to economic factors in the border area of Heilongjiang Province.[Method] Based on SPOT Vegetation NDVI data in each 10 days from 1998 to 2007,the dynamic variation of vegetation in the border area of Heilongjiang Province in recent 10 years was studied,and the response of vegetation variation to economic factors was analyzed in the paper.[Result] On the whole,vegetation coverage was high in the border area of Heilongjiang Province from 1998 to 2007,and showed increasing trend.Except for parts of Huma County showing degrading trend,the whole vegetation condition in the border area of Heilongjiang Province was basically constant or improved,and the region with constant vegetation accounted for 71.00%,while the region with slight improved vegetation occupied 26.81%.Meanwhile,vegetation index and GDP increased on the whole from 1998 to 2007,but there was no complete consistency in their trends.In addition,MNDVI was significantly positively correlated with the average salary of local workers (P<0.01),but significantly negatively correlated with farmland area (P<0.01),and the negative correlation was delayed,that is to say,the decrease of farmland area in the first year would affect MNDVI in the second and third year.[Conclusion] The study could provide scientific references for the establishment of policies about economic development and ecological environment in Heilongjiang River basin.

Economic Influencing Factors of Trade Volume Between China and RCEP Member States

This paper examines the impact of key economic factors on trade volumes between China and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)member states.Studies have shown that gross domestic products(GDP),exchange rate,and inflation have an impact on China’s import and export trade volume with RCEP member states.China’s export trade volume to RCEP member states is deeply affected by China’s GDP,but the import trade volume depends on China’s domestic demand and market.The impact of exchange rates on import and export trade volumes varies from country to country.China’s export volume to RCEP member states is generally more affected by the consumption level of its residents than the consumption level of Chinese residents.

Analysis on the Environmental Factors of Sustainable Economic Development

1. China’s environmental problems 1) Serious water pollution. Water is most indispensable to people’s life. Contaminated water will seriously affect people’s normal life and cause environmental degradation, putting people in the danger of catching various diseases. Therefore, everyone should save water and make full use of it. However, in China, water pollution is getting worse. China has abun-

Resource and environmental factors should be included in economic analytical framework

In the economic analysis framework,natural resources and environmental factors are included in the category of capital or land.Hence,the explanatory variables of the production function only include capital,labor and the residue term technology.Such framework may be designed for methodological reasons,but it is

Economic Analysis and Countermeasures of Migrant Workers' Problems

Generation and development of migrant workers' problems are analyzed from the perspective of economics. There are economic factors causing migrant workers' problems: imbalance in the industrial structure brings farmers living pressure; urban modern civilization is attractive to farmers; urban economic development needs a large number of agricultural laborers engaged in manual labor. Moreover, relevant countermeasures are proposed. The dual economic structure is to be broken to gradually eliminate the barrier between urban and rural areas; an unified and standard labor market is to be established to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas; overall considerations should be taken and the reform of matching system should be quickened; the construction of urbanization is to be duly promoted to improve the level of modernization in the countryside.

Industrial Green Spatial Pattern Evolution of Yangtze River Economic Belt in China

We use the directional slacks-based measure of efficiency and inverse distance weighting method to analyze the spatial pattern evolution of the industrial green total factor productivity of 108 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt in 2003–2013.Results show that both the subprime mortgage crisis and ‘the new normal' had significant negative effects on productivity growth,leading to the different spatial patterns between 2003–2008 and 2009–2013.Before 2008,green poles had gathered around some capital cities and formed a tripartite pattern,which was a typical core-periphery pattern.Due to a combination of the polarization and the diffusion effects,capital cities became the growth poles and ‘core' regions,while surrounding areas became the ‘periphery'.This was mainly caused by the innate advantage of capital cities and ‘the rise of central China' strategy.After 2008,the tripartite pattern changed to a multi-poles pattern where green poles continuously and densely spread in the midstream and downstream areas.This is due to the regional difference in the leading effect of green poles.The leading effect of green poles in midstream and downstream areas has changed from polarization to diffusion,while the polarization effect still leads in the upstream area.

The core ideology of Ecological Marxism:Marx is the pioneer of internal factors theory of ecological environment

This paper from the unified visual angle of philosophy and economics has observed Marx's theory of ecological economics, clarified the misunderstanding on Marx's theory of nature and ecological environmental thought at home and abroad for a long time, studied systematically and deeply the Marx's thought that natural and ecological environment is external condition and internal elements of human social economic growth, confirmed firstly Marx is the forerunner who established the theory of internal cause of natural ecological environment. It is of far-reaching academic and practical significance.

China's Economic Growth:The“Two-Dimensional Driving Effect”of Data Factors

Data factors have become one of the five essential production factors,but their role in economic growth has always been ambiguous.Starting from AI technologies,this paper establishes an endogenous growth model of data factors affecting economic growth,constructs the generation path and value path of data factors,and estimates the value of new data factors at the provincial level in China from 1999 to 2018 accordingly.Based on theoretical analyses and empirical tests,it clarifes that data factors have a“two-dimensional driving effect”on China's economic growth,that is,data factors can drive growth both directly through its own economic growth effect and indirectly by promoting technological progress.Furthermore,this paper makes three extended discussions,aiming to make a trial study on the impacts of local government big data transaction platforms on data factors and their growth effects,discuss whether it is possible to reduce the uncertainties of local economic policy based on the nature of data factors,and make a preliminary survey of the output elasticity of data factors between 1999 and 2018.

Spatial and Temporal Variability of N, P and K Balances for Agroecosystems in China

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium balances for agroecosystems in China from 1993 to 2001 were calculated at national and provincial levels using statistical data and related parameters, and their spatial and temporal variabilities were analyzed with GIS to estimate the potential impacts of nutrient N, P and K surpluses or deficits to soil, water and air. At the national scale, the N and P balances from 1993 to 2001 showed a surplus, with the nitrogen surplus remaining relatively stable from 1997—2001. Although during this period the P surplus pattern was similar to N, it had smaller values and kept increasing as the use of phosphate fertilizer increased year by year. However, K was deficient from 1993 to 2001 even though from 1999 to 2001 the K deficit decreased. The spatial analysis revealed higher N surpluses in the more developed southeastern provinces and lowest in the western and northern provinces where there was less chemical fertilizer input. The serious K deficit mainly occurred in Shanghai and Beijing municipalities, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Hubei provinces, and Xinjiang autonomous regions. For the years 1992, 1996 and 2001, N surpluses and K deficits had significant positive spatial correlations with per capita gross domestic product (GDP), per capita gross industrial output value, and per capita net income of rural households. This showed that the level of economic development played an important role on nutrient balances in the agroecosystems.

Impact of Regional Economy on Internal Migration in Yangtze Delta:Based on Panel Data

Metropolitan Shanghai, in Yangtze River Delta (YRD), plays undoubtedly the leading role in the economic development in China, and becomes one of the most important population con- gregation areas. It is also widely regarded as the sixth uprising urban agglomeration in the world. Based on the quantitative stud- ies on basic socioeconomic and demographic profile on the num- ber and transition of population, this paper concluded that the migration is the key factor for population dynamics in YRD. Then, what are the regional economic factors affecting the migration of different cities in YRD? The panel data show that the different wage level is the most important factor that affects the immigra- tion in YRD. Moreover, the ratio of industry sector and service sector has an impact on attracting immigration. However, per-capital GDP and the share of foreign direct investment (FDI) to GDP have dual-side impact: not high per-capital GDP and FDI bring the high immigration.

A Study on the Impact of PEST Analysis on the Pharmaceutical Sector： The Bangladesh Context

PEST （Political, Economic, Social, and Technological） analysis of any industry sector investigates the important factors that are affecting the industry and influencing the companies operating in that sector. The purpose of this study is to analyze the pharmaceutical sector of Bangladesh using the framework of PEST. This report brings to light the current state of the sector its progress and its problems. Through this study the researchers try to discuss the affect of various macro-economic factors of political, economic, social, and technological aspect on the industry and its related problems and prospects for the future.

The Sustainable Development of Resource Environment and Economy

At first, this article gives the calculating formulas about the mutual-motive mechanism of the economy development and its resource, environmental influence. And then it gives out relevant ideas about the sustainable development＇s realizing means, motive force and economic model.

Reflections on Economic and Cultural Driving Factors for the Development of Creative Industry:A Book Review on Creative Cities in Practice:European and Asian Perspectives

Creative Cities in Practice:European and Asian Perspectives Authors:Yan TANG,Klaus R.Kunzmann Year:2013Publisher:Tsinghua University Press ISBN:9787302325192(281 pages,in Chinese)The book,titled Creative Cities in Practice:European and Asian Perspectives,by Dr.Yan TANG and Prof.Klaus R.Kunzmann,is an outstanding piece of work introducing creative industry and creative cities in a fairly comprehensive and

Evaluation on the Factors Concerning the Urban Economic Performance

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中国典型城市群碳排放的影响机制研究——以长三角城市群为例

Urban agglomeration plays a vital role in fostering high-quality and sustainable development in China,where urbanization rates signifi-cantly influence both urban and rural environments,generating different economic and socio-spatial impacts that,in turn,influence carbon emissions in cities.To delve into the influencing mechanisms of carbon emissions,this paper examines the spatio-temporal pattern of carbon emissions across 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration in China.It utilizes data on economic,social,and spatial factors from 2012 to 2019 and employs a spatial econometric regression model for analysis.The results indicate that carbon emissions of cities in the urban agglomeration exhibited strong spatial correlation from 2012 to 2019,characterized by relatively stable cold and hot spots,along with continuous outward spread of high-value zones.Economic and social factors demonstrate a significant positive spatial correlation with carbon emissions of a city,with weak spatial spillover effects.Spatial factors exhibit correlations with carbon emissions in both the city and neighboring cities,with strong spatial spillover effects.Moreover,the spatial layout and functional division of cities in the urban agglomeration also significantly impact the spatio-temporal pattern of carbon emissions.

An Analysis of the Correlation between the Economic Barometer and the Postal Service

There are many economic factors that can influence the postal market. In thispaper, by adopting the method of quantitative analysis, the author analyse exhaustively theeconomic factors that influence the postal market and the internal relations between the economicfactors and the postal market.