Ecotourism Development in the Context of Cultural and Tourism Integration:A Case Study of Wanli Mopan Mountain Forest Park

The integration of culture and tourism is a new form of tourism and a trend of tourism industry development.Mopan Mountain Forest Park in Wanli District of Nanchang City is taken as research object,and the excavation of its cultural elements is analyzed.It is thought that cultural elements can revitalize the culture and tourism industry,promote the integration of culture and tourism,encourage the mutual penetration of cultural innovation,design services and tourism products,improve the development and service level of cultural tourism products,and accelerate the development of characteristic cultural tourism.

The Research on Evaluation and Development Value of Landscape Resources in Junwu Forest Park of Liuzhou City in China

The paper had pointed out that landscape resources were the roots that forest park attracted tourists, and objective and correct evaluation on landscape resources was the foundation to identify development tendency of forest park. Based on the field study, it had firstly conducted qualitative evaluation on landscape resources in Junwu Forest Park of Liuzhou City, concluded that forest landscape had distinctive feature and high quality, sceneries in forest were splendid and colorful, landscape combination was good and forest ecological environment was excellent in quality. Furthermore, in accordance with China Forest Park Landscape Resources Quality Grade Evaluation (GB/T18005-1999), quantitative evaluation had been conducted on landscape resources of Junwu Forest Park in Liuzhou City. On this basis, it had deeply analyzed development value of Junwu Forest Park, highlighting its forest aesthetics, popular science education, health care, tourism culture and tourism economic value, so as to provide reference for its planning and development.

System Design for Urban Forest Park——Based on Elimination of Externality during Development and Tourism Process

The paper had introduced researches on urban forest park and analyzed its particularity.In terms of elimination of externality during development and tourism consumption process of urban forest park,real estate agent had been introduced and two assumptions had been proposed to eliminate externality.As for elimination of externality during development of urban forest park,right to use planning land for urban forest park and surrounding land for real estate development would be sold to estate agent who would develop urban forest park and commodity house;the management of forest urban park would be undertaken by tourism development companies for which estate agent would make compensation.As for elimination of externality during tourism consumption process,it would control with policies and laws,or establish ticket system.As the study hadn't been conducted on policies about urban land and real estate,the feasibility of the first assumption needed to be further studied by environmental economists.

Forest parks and sustainable development of ecotourism in China

In the spirit of the trend toward opening and reforming China, the State Forestry Administration has taken advantage of the opportunity to improve forest parks and develop forest-based ecotourism. The State Forestry Administration has experienced great success in a short time. By 1997, the State Forestry Administration had built 874 forest parks, with a total area of 7.48×10~6 hm^2. More than 50 000 000 tourists visited the parks each year. The forest parks have become the new focus of forest-based ecotourism in China. This success demonstrated that the use of forest resources and the development of tourism had moved into a new period. To assure the healthy growth of forest-based ecotourism in China, based on the theory of sustainable development, we have made several suggestions about how to improve forest parks and develop forest-based ecotourism. Our recommendations are grounded in the principles of resource protection, moderate exports of forest products, and recognition of the special character of individual park.

Ecotourism Development Evaluation and Measures for Forest Parks in China

Forest parks are one of the important kinds of destinations for the development of ecotourism in China. Based on the principles of ecotourism, an evaluation index system of ecotourism development in forest parks was established. This paper uses data from investigations in 27 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China to evaluate and analyze the ecotourism development of China＇s forest parks. In order to promote the sustainable development of ecotourism in forest parks, the paper suggests a number of measures, such as promoting the integration of the tourism industry and related industries, exploring folklore tourism products, planning an environmental interpretation system, perfecting the infrastructure and service facilities system in line with the principles of ecology, building an environmental monitoring system, setting up a reasonable mechanism for community participation, strengthening capital investment and investment management, and paying attention to the cultivation of professional talent for ecotourism. These measures can be used as references and guides to the development and construction of ecotourism in forest parks in China.

A model of deep ecotourism development and its empirical study

Ecotourism requires the harmony of all factors involved in tourism system for a multilateral benefit. Based on such cognition, a concept of deep ecotourism development is put forward which includes two connotations: on the one hand, it should give prominence to the display of the eco-culture of the tourist destination and tourists' eco-experience, in which way the development behavior on the tourist destination and the tourists' behavior will be regulated; on the other hand, it implies the deep harmony among tourist entrepreneurs and tourists, the local governments and the local residents, as well as tourist activities and the ecological environment in the tourism development for the multilateral benefit of every element involved and sustainable tourism development. The common sense is that the degrees in a certain tourism destination will differ and that consequently four levels of ecotourism are divided - very shallow ecotourism, shallow ecotourism, deep ecotourism and very deep ecotourism. To move shallow ecotourism toward deep one, two models of "four subjects and two wings" and "connecting the two wings" of deep ecotourism development system are introduced to make ecotourism industry favorable to the display of eco-culture and the sustainable development of the destination community. With the two models, a case study of ecotourism development in Louguantai National Forest Park was made as a demonstration. The ultimate purpose is to build an ideal new Shangri-La.

Development of Low-carbon Forest Tourism with Emphasis on Construction of Urban Forest Park

This paper mainly points out that the urban forest tourism has so many advantages and it will hopefully become the support industry of low-carbon forestry, and the development of urban forestparks in low-carbon economy is extraordinarily important, especially when faced with some serious traditional problems. A series of proposals about revolutionary measures are put forwards.

基于因子分析法的昆明市西山森林公园游客满意度影响评价

构建生态文明是中华民族实现长治久安的重要战略举措,森林公园是践行“两山理论”的重要载体,对社会经济发展影响重大。以昆明市西山森林公园为研究对象,采用问卷调查法和参与观察法对西山森林公园游憩及游客满意度开展研究,构建出森林旅游形象、感知质量、感知价值、游客满意度共4个逻辑变量对西山森林公园游客满意度进行测评。结果显示:游客的满意度和森林公园的旅游形象之间存在着明显的正向联系;森林公园的环境和设施会直接影响游客的体验和满足感;森林公园的游客满意度越高,它的感知价值就越高。在此基础上,提出根据景区实际发展及发展前景制定发展策略、强化基础设施建设等建议来提升森林公园游客满意度。

基于态势分析法探讨通化四方山省级森林公园发展现状与发展战略

通化四方山省级森林公园是以“红色游、观日出”为特色,以生态旅游、休闲娱乐、养生保健和科普教学为根本,以红色文化与满族、朝鲜族文化为底蕴的森林公园,为更好地建设、开发和推广四方山省级森林公园,运用态势分析法(SWOT),即从公园发展的优势、劣势、机遇和威胁4方面分析公园发展现状,并提出公园发展战略,为公园的进一步发展提出建议。

多要素地质调查地质遗迹与旅游资源综合调查评价方法研究

近年旅游地质学已有长足发展,国内大力推进地质公园的申报和建设。四川省进行了全省文化与旅游资源普查工作,但是对系统的旅游地质资源调查、评价和规划建议的基础理论和方法的研究较少。由于成都龙泉山地区具有地质遗迹景观、自然景观和人文景观均较为丰富的特征,项目难以单独采用地质遗迹和旅游资源调查的方法进行调查评价。以此基础,尝试探寻一种将地质遗迹和旅游资源调查评价合二为一的方法,并首次提出了撰写保护和开发利用建议报告的方法和报告具体内容。实践证明此方法较为全面,具有较好的适用性和普遍性。

东莞市银瓶山森林公园自然教育植物资源评价与发展对策

针对东莞市自然教育基地存在发展不平衡、硬件薄弱、软件缺乏、人员不足等问题,选取东菀市自然教育起步最早、发展较成熟且植物资源丰富的银瓶山森林公园作为研究点,通过问卷调查的方式收集公众对公园植物资源的知晓度及自然教育满意度,运用SPSS和问卷星分析评价,为下一步东莞市自然教育工作提供新思路、新方向,促进东莞自然教育持续健康发展。

森林公园资源禀赋对其旅游产业发展的影响及机制研究

发展森林公园旅游产业不仅是把森林资源优势转换为经济优势的重要举措,也是贯彻落实“两山”理论的客观要求。文章基于2011—2019年我国31个省(区、市)森林公园旅游产业发展及宏观经济统计数据,从数量和质量两个维度测度森林公园资源禀赋,通过构建空间计量经济学模型分析森林公园资源禀赋对其旅游产业经济发展的影响,并进一步从外部市场占有率和内部产业综合效率角度检验森林公园资源禀赋对其旅游产业发展的影响机制。研究表明:(1)增加森林公园面积、提高国家级或省级森林公园比例,对当地及邻近地区森林公园旅游产业发展存在显著正向影响,且从长远看存在明显的“资源福音”效应;(2)相较于森林公园数量增加,提高高等级森林公园比例对其旅游产业发展的正向影响更大;(3)影响机制分析发现,改善区域森林公园资源禀赋,主要是通过扩大旅游市场占有率和提高产业综合效率来推动森林公园旅游产业的发展;(4)我国森林公园旅游产业发展存在显著的负向空间溢出效应,邻近地区森林公园旅游产业发展对当地森林公园旅游产业发展产生不利影响,这也反映了我国不同区域间森林公园资源禀赋优化利用对其旅游产业发展带来的拉动作用小于区域间森林公园旅游产业发展导致的挤压效应。最后,文章提出了把我国森林公园旅游资源优势转化为产业经济优势,以及区域协调联动发展的对策建议。

越南国家森林公园经营发展的SWOT分析

通过对越南国家森林公园的经营发展进行SWOT分析,结果表明:越南国家森林公园具有生态环境优越、旅游资源丰富、人文独特等诸多优势,但也存在基础设施薄弱、交通不便、管理体系不成熟和投资有限等弱势,面临保护不足、游客管理欠缺等挑战。基于此为国家森林公园提出相应发展对策,为确定国家森林公园发展方向、公园的总体定位提供战略依据。通过SWOT层面的研究,有利于发挥国家森林公园的资源环境优势,为国家森林公园的可持续发展提供科学指导。

森林公园康养旅游发展策略探讨——以月岩国家森林公园为例

在解析森林康养概念的基础上,梳理森林康养旅游发展重点,选择月岩国家森林公园为实例,总结提出森林公园在优化森林康养环境、开发特色森林康养产品、构建森林康养文化体系、完善配套服务设施、提升康养服务水平等方面的策略应用,以期为同类型森林公园康养旅游发展提供借鉴。

梅子山森林公园森林风景资源调查评价与发展分析

森林风景资源调查评价是森林公园景观旅游资源开发的基础,也是森林公园动植物资源保护与利用的关键。通过对梅子山森林公园的生态环境评价、森林风景资源调查分析表明,森林公园的生态环境资源评价总分为38分,等级为良;森林公园的森林风景资源评价得分为32.78分,符合二级森林公园风景资源标准,其风景资源价值和旅游价值较高。最后,分析了森林公园的发展前景。

探索湖南省森林公园生态旅游与森林康养融合发展新模式

对湖南省58个国家级、省级森林公园在生态旅游与森林康养发展方面进行典型共性分析研究,指出森林公园在基础设施、生态旅游和森林康养建设与组织等方面存在的问题,提出了森林公园在生态旅游、森林康养建设方面相互融合发展的建设新模式,以期引导森林公园发展在政策制定、生态旅游与森林康养建设发展管理方面更科学、规范和健康。

玉舍国家森林公园康养旅游可持续发展因素分析

【目的】利用SWOT-AHP模型定量分析贵州省六盘水市玉舍国家森林公园开发康养旅游的优势、劣势、机遇和威胁,提出适合其康养旅游可持续发展战略及对策。【方法】对玉舍国家森林公园发展康养旅游的优势、劣势、机遇和威胁进行定性分析,构建评价指标体系,利用层次分析法对其发展康养旅游的优势、劣势、机遇和威胁进行定量分析,确定指标权重及加权分数,通过计算玉舍国家森林公园康养旅游发展的总优势力度,绘制森林公园康养旅游发展战略四边形,确定战略四边形重心坐标P(x,y)、战略类型方位角θ和战略强度系数ρ,选择适合玉舍国家森林公园康养旅游的发展战略和战略强度。【结果】玉舍国家森林公园发展康养旅游的优势>机会>威胁>劣势,战略四边形重心坐标P(x,y)=P(0.553 6,0.729 1),战略类型方位角θ为π/4~π/2。确定玉舍国家森林公园发展康养旅游是属于机会型,应采取增长型战略;战略强度系数ρ=0.966 5>0.5,应采取正强度发展战略。【结论】玉舍国家森林公园康养旅游的发展应采取积极的增长型发展战略,生态环境优势(0.247 4)是玉舍国家森林公园发展康养旅游的最大优势条件,基础设施薄弱(0.024 1)是影响森林公园发展康养旅游的主要劣势,贵州旅游业的发展机遇(0.150 7)是玉舍国家森林公园康养旅游发展的重大机遇,但也要应对来自周边康养旅游产品的挑战(0.068 8)。图2表2参20。

中国森林公园的发展与管理

[目的]研究全国森林公园的发展历程和管理轨迹,为其健康可持续发展提供建议。[方法]首先,沿用文献回顾、归纳总结的定性研究思路,介绍森林公园基本情况和行业管理动态;其次,采用定量描述方法,分析森林公园时空发展规律。在时间上,划分发展阶段并总结特征,分析时代背景、指导思想变迁而引起的变化;在空间上,统计分析全国31个省(市、自治区)的森林公园旅游收入、旅游人数、社会就业人员等情况。[结果]1)中国森林公园发展历经试点起步(1980—1990年)、快速发展(1991—2000年)、规范发展(2001—2010年)、质量提升(2011年至今)4个阶段,按国家级、省级、市(县)级分级管理,主要类型通常依据资源类型、旅游半径和林地权属来划分。2)森林公园行业管理指导思想的变迁:改革开放初期,作为国有林场的一种多种经营项目;1998年天保工程实施以来,成为林业主体功能转换的一个重要选择;"十一五"(2006—2010年)期间,国家级森林公园确定为"国家文化和自然遗产地"、"国家禁止开发区域",作为国家自然保护地体系的重要组成部分。3)主要成就和贡献:行业管理体系已基本成型,产业发展已初具规模,进入大众化旅游新阶段,强化了自然资源保护,支撑了森林旅游发展,促进了生态文化传播,带动了区域经济增长。4)发展瓶颈:法律位阶较低,限制了行业管理的力度;各地森林公园数量结构不合理,市(县)级森林公园发展滞后;各地森林旅游发展极不平衡,市场、投资和从业人员素质是3个重要影响因素;森林体验、森林养生等旅游产品欠缺,森林多功能利用效率较低;森林公园的国际知名度和社会认可度有待提高。[结论]总体上看,全国森林公园发展态势良好,但不同省份发展差异较大。因此,"五个相结合"原则将是新时期森林公园发展趋势,即把森林公园功能作用与经济社会对林业的多元化要求相结合、把森林公园自身发展阶段特殊性与国家发展战略的大背景相结合、把对资源严格保护与合理利用相结合、把生态林业发展与民生林业发展需求相结合、把世界自然保护地发展珍贵经验与中国国情林情相结合,今后工作重点应集中在法制与标准建设、资源普查、投资渠道、人才培养、国际交流等方面。

净月潭国家森林公园生态旅游开发构想

概述了净月潭国家森林公园旅游资源情况．提出了其开展生态旅游的必要性及必须遵循的原则、包括生态学理论指导原则、全面规划原则、旅游资源保护优先原则、景观协调性原则和区内旅游、区外服务原则。针对净月潭国家森林公园的开发建设现状提出了其开展生态旅游应进行的旅游环境建设重点．在此基础上根据旅游资源特征对生态旅游项目提出了建议。

低碳经济下城市森林公园发展的新探究

全球气候变化已成为举世瞩目的环境问题,低碳经济是缓解气候变化的有效途径,林业发展是践行低碳经济的一条捷径。城市森林旅游业以城市森林公园为基础,具有发展潜力大、可操作性强、影响范围广等优点,有望成为未来低碳林业的支柱产业。城市森林公园在传统发展过程中面临法律、管理和经营方面的问题。基于低碳发展的新视角和新要求,应该制订城市森林旅游低碳发展标准体系,以人才需求为导向、提高联合管理效率,加强产品、服务、运营的低碳创新,做好森林资源保护与开发的基础工作,促进新时期的林业可持续发展和经济社会的低碳转型。