Pan-cancer analysis of RNA 5-methylcytosine reader (ALYREF)

The incre asing interest in RNA modifications has signifcantly advanced epigenomic and epitranscriptomic technologies.This study focuses on the immuno oncological impact of ALYREF in human cancer through a pan-cancer analysis,enhancing understanding of this gene's role in cancer.We observed differential ALYREF expression between tumor and normal samples,correl ating strongly with prognosis in various cancers,particularly kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma(KIRP)and liver hepatocellular carcinoma(LIHC).ALYREF showed a negative correlation with most tumor-infitrating cells in lung squamous cell carcinoma(LUSC)and lymphoid neoplasm difuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBC),while positive correlations were noted in IIHC,kidney chromophobe(KICH),mesothelioma(MESO),KIRP,pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma(PARD),and glioma(GBMLGG).Aditionally,ALYREF expression was closely associated with tumor heterogeneity,stemness indices,and a high mutation rate in TP53 across these cancers.In conclusion,ALYREF may serve as an oncogenic biomarker in numerous cancers,meriting further research attention.

Thermal-Mechanical Efect and Removal Mechanism of Ti-6Al-4V During Laser-Assisted Grinding

The low density and high corrosion resistance of titanium alloy make it a material with various applications in the aerospace industry. However, because of its high specifc strength and poor thermal conductivity, there are problems such as high cutting force, poor surface integrity, and high cutting temperature during conventional machining. As an advanced processing method with high efciency and low damage, laser-assisted machining can improve the machinability of titanium alloy. In this study, a picosecond pulse laser-assisted scratching (PPLAS) method considering both the temperature-dependent material properties and ultrashort pulse laser’s characteristics is frst proposed. Then, the efects of laser power, scratching depth, and scratching speed on the distribution of stress and temperature feld are investigated by simulation. Next, PPLAS experiments are conducted to verify the correctness of the simulation and reveal the removal behavior at various combinations of laser power and scratching depths. Finally, combined with simulated and experimental results, the removal mechanism under the two machining methods is illustrated. Compared with conventional scratching (CS), the tangential grinding force is reduced by more than 60% and the material removal degree is up to 0.948 during PPLAS, while the material removal is still primarily in the form of plastic removal. Grinding debris in CS takes the form of stacked fakes with a “fsh scale” surface, whereas it takes the form of broken serrations in PPLAS. This research can provide important guidance for titanium alloy grinding with high surface quality and low surface damage.

After Effects特效在电视栏目片头中的应用研究与实现

随着计算机技术的不断发展，After Effects功能不断提升，越来越被广大影视后期制作者喜爱，其中After Effects特效常被用于制作栏目片头，在主题表现中起着举足轻重的作用。文章主要介绍After Effects及其特效，并通过一个实例制作展现After Effects特效在栏目片头中运用。

Blast Pressure Measurements of an Underwater Detonation in the Sea

Blast pressure measurements of a controlled underwater explosion in the sea were carried out.An explosive of 25-kg trinitro-toluene(TNT)equivalent was detonated,and the blast pressures were recorded by eight diferent high-performance pressure sensors that work at the nonresonant high-voltage output in adverse underwater conditions.Recorded peak pressure values are used to establish a relationship in the well-known form of empirical underwater explosion(UNDEX)loading formula.Constants of the formula are redetermined by employing the least-squares method in two diferent forms for best ftting to the measured data.The newly determined constants are found to be only slightly diferent from the generally accepted ones.

Partial extinction, permanence and global attractivity innonautonomous n-species Lotka-Volterra competitivesystems with impulses

In this paper, the qualitative properties of general nonautonomous Lotka-Volterran-species competitive systems with impulsive e？ects are studied. Some new criteria on thepermanence, extinction and global attractivity of partial species are established by used themethods of inequalities estimate and Liapunov functions. As applications, nonautonomous twospecies Lotka-Volterra systems with impulses are discussed.

Analysis of Material Behavior for Friction in a Nozzle for Turbomachinery and High Speed Vehicles

Shock-induced separation of turbulent boundary layers represents a long-studied problem in compressible flow, bearing, for example, on applications in high speed aerodynamics, rocketry, wind tunnel design, and turbomachinery. Experimental investigations have generally sought to expose essential physics using geometrically simple configurations.

Modern Research Progress of Donglingcao Rabdosiae(Rubescentis Herba)

In recent years,the anti-tumor activity of Donglingeao(Rabdosiae Rubescentis Herba)has received much attention.The diterpenoid rubescensine A as its main anti-cancer active component has anti-tumor,anti-bacterial,anti-inflammatory pharmacological effects.At present,researches on the chemical composition,phar-macological effects and clinical application of Donglingeao(Rabdosiae Rubescentis Herba)have made impor-tant progress.The upstream key enzyme genes have basically been cloned in the biosynthesis pathway of diter-penoids.However,the synthetic route of rubescensine A is not clear,and there are few reports on the cyto-chrome P450 family that regulates the synthesis of rubescensine A.Therefore,it is necessary to further study the key enzyme genes that regulate the synthesis of rubescensine A to provide research basis for the in vitro synthesis of rubescensine A.

Efectiveness and petroleum geological signifcance of tectonic fractures in the ultra‑deep zone of the Kuqa foreland thrust belt:a case study of the Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in the Keshen gas feld

The buried depth of the gas-producing reservoir in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt of the Tarim Basin exceeds 6000 m.The average matrix porosity of the reservoir is 5.5%,and the average matrix permeability is 0.128×10^(−3)μm^(2).In order to reveal the characteristics and efectiveness of ultra-deep fractures and their efects on reservoir properties and natural gas production,outcrops,cores,thin section,image logs and production testing data are used to investigate the efectiveness of tectonic fractures in ultra-deep reservoirs in the Kuqa foreland thrust zone,and the corresponding geological signifcance for oil and gas exploration and development are discussed.Tectonic fractures in the thrust belt include EW-trending high-angle tensile fractures and NS-trending vertical shear fractures.The former has a relatively high flling rate,while the latter is mostly unflled.Micro-fractures are usually grain-piercing-through cracks with width of 10-100 microns.In the planar view,the efective fractures are concentrated in the high part and wing zones of the long axis of the anticline,and along the vertical direction,they are mainly found in the tensile fracture zone above the neutral plane.The adjustment fracture zone has the strongest vertical extension abilities and high efectiveness,followed by the nearly EW longitudinal tensile fracture zone,and the netted fracture zone with multiple dip angles.The efectiveness of fracture is mainly controlled by fracture aperture and flling degrees.Efective fractures can increase reservoir permeability by 1-2 orders of magnitude.The higher part of the anticline is associated with high tectonic fracture permeability,which control enrichment and high production of natural gas.The netted vertical open fractures efectively communicate with pores and throats of the reservoir matrix,which forms an apparent-homogenous to medium-heterogeneous body that is seen with high production of natural gas sustained for a long term.

Effect mechanism of nitrogen injection into fire-sealed-zone on residual-coal re-ignition under stress in goaf

Coal is the one of foundations of energy and economic structure in China,while the unsealing of coal mine fres would cause a great risk of coal re-ignition.In order to explore the infuence of pressure-bearing state on the re-ignition characteristics for residual coal,the uniaxial compression equipped with a temperature-programmed device was built.The scanning electron microscope,synchronous thermal analyzer and Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrometer was applied to investigate the microscopic structure and thermal efect of the coal samples.Moreover,the microscopic efect of uniaxial stress on coal re-ignition is revealed,and the re-ignition mechanism is also obtained.As the uniaxial stress increasing,the number,depth and length of the fractures of the pre-treated coal increases.The application of uniaxial stress causes the thermal conductivity to change periodically,enhances the inhibition of injecting nitrogen on heat transfer and prolonges the duration of oxidation exothermic.The content of oxygen-containing functional groups has a high correlation with apparent activation energy,and coal samples at 6 MPa is more probability to re-ignite while the fre zone is unsealed.Uniaxial stress could control the re-ignition mechanism by changing the structure of fractures and pores.The side chains and functional groups of coal structure are easier to be broken by thermal-stress coupling.The higher the·OH content,the more difcult coal samples would be re-ignited.The research results would lay a solid theoretical foundation for the safe unsealing of closed fre-areas underground,tighten the common bond between the actual industry and the experimental theory in closed fre-areas underground,and provide the theoretical guidance for coal re-ignition preventing.

Influence of stress wave-induced disturbance on ultra-low friction in broken blocks

Deep rock mass tends to be broken into blocks when mining for materials deep below the surface.The rock layer of the roof of the mine can be regarded as a system of blocks of fractured rock mass.When subjected to high ground stress and mining-induced disturbance,the efect of the ultra-low friction of the block system easily becomes apparent,and can induce rock burst and other accidents.By taking the block of rock mass as research object,this study developed a test system for ultra-low friction to experimentally examine its efects on the broken blocks under stress wave-induced disturbance.We used the horizontal displacement of the working block as the characteristic parameter refecting the efect of ultra-low friction,and examine its characteristic laws of horizontal displacement,acceleration,and energy when subjected to the efects of ultra-low friction by changing the frequency and amplitude of the stress wave-induced disturbance.The results show that the frequency of stress wave-induced disturbance is related to the generation of ultra-low friction in the broken block.The frequency of disturbance of the stress wave is within 1–3 Hz,and signifcantly increases the maximum acceleration and horizontal displacement of the broken blocks.The greater the intensity of the stress wave-induced disturbance is,the higher is the degree of block fragmentation,and the more likely are efects of ultra-low friction to occur between the blocks.The greater the intensity of the horizontal impact load is,the higher is the degree of fragmentation of the rock mass,and the easier it is for the efects of ultra-low friction to occur.Stress wave-induced disturbance and horizontal impact are the main causes of sliding instability of the broken blocks.When the dominant frequency of the kinetic energy of the broken block is within 20 Hz,the efects of ultra-low friction are more likely.

The bactericidal effect of continuous wave laser with strongly absorbing coating at the fiber tip

The bactericidal effect of laser radiation with a quartz fiber-based transmission system with a strong absorption coating converter against bacteria associated with urological stones has been studied.Gr am-negative rod Escherichia coli and the Gram-positive coccus Staphylococcus epi-dermidis,Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium were used in this study.Each bacterial species was treated by continuous-wave near infrared laser coupled with bare fiber tip or strongly absorption coating fiber tip.After treatment,the temperature of bacterial suspension was measured.In addition,the temperature dist ribution was analyzed.It has been shown that using laser with a strongly absorption coating fiber tip results in significant bactericidal effect.The decrease of the amount of E.coli and S.epidermidis was 100%after treatment with an output power of6 W of radiation at a wavelength of 0.97 pum for 40s.Number of S.aureus and Ent.facium colony-forming unit was reduced to 70%after same exposure.The peak temperature of bacterial suspension was 86℃ after treatment by laser with a strongly absorption coating fiber tip.Laser with a strongly absorpt ion coating fiber tip provides large scale hydrodynamic flows directed away from the fiber tip.The laser with a strongly absorption coating fiber tip has bactericidal effect.The main role is associated with the effect of high temperature,which,in the form of flow in a liquid medium,afects bacteria.

Seeing through dynamics scattering media:Suppressing diffused reflection based on decorrelation time difference

We observed a phenomenon that different scattering components have different decorrelation time.Based on decorrelation time difference,we proposed a method to image an object hidden behind a turbid medium in a reflection mode.In order to suppress the big disturbance calused by reflection and back scattering,two framnes of speckles are recorded in sequence,and their difference is used for image reconstruction.Our method is immune to both medium motions and object movements.

Studies on the efective adsorption surface of alumina powder

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χ(^(2)) nonlinear photonics in integrated microresonators

Second-order(χ^((2))) optical nonlinearity is one of the most common mechanisms for modulating and generating coherent light in photonic devices.Due to strong photon confnement and long photon lifetime,integrated microresonators have emerged as an ideal platform for investigation of nonlinear optical efects.However,existing silicon-based materials lack a χ^((2)) response due to their centrosymmetric structures.A variety of novel material platforms possessing χ^((2)) nonlinearity have been developed over the past two decades.This review comprehensively summarizes the progress of second-order nonlinear optical efects in integrated microresonators.First,the basic principles of χ^((2)) nonlinear efects are introduced.Afterward,we highlight the commonly used χ^((2)) nonlinear optical materials,including their material properties and respective functional devices.We also discuss the prospects and challenges of utilizing χ^((2)) nonlinearity in the feld of integrated microcavity photonics.

Evaluation of Tensile and Fatigue Properties of Metals Using Small Specimens

Small specimens are increasingly being used in getting mechanical properties directly when there are limited materials to facilitate standard specimens,which play a great role in the rapid measurement of mechanical properties and residual life assessment of in-service reactor components.Although tensile and fatigue properties of the small specimens are investigated extensively,theoretical models for describing the mechanical properties of small specimens need to be established.Here,we conduct a systematic investigation of tensile and fatigue properties of pure Cu specimens with thicknesses ranging from 3 to 0.2 mm.The results show that the decrease in uniform elongation of the 0.2 mm-thick specimens is mainly due to the efects of grain boundary and free surface on the strain hardening rate.A modifed theoretical model correlated with the ratio of the surface grain layer thickness to the grain size is proposed to predict variation in yield strength of the small specimens more accurately.Furthermore,the mechanism for the diference in fatigue life between the 0.2 mm-thick specimen and other thicker specimens is elucidated.The Basquin equation-based model is presented as a potential way to evaluate the fatigue life of metals using small specimens.

An improved blood hemorrhaging treatment using diatoms frustules,by alternating Ca and light levels in cultures

Hemorrhage control requires hemostatic materials that are both efective and biocompatible.Among these,diatom biosilica(DBs)could signifcantly improve hemorrhage control,but it induces hemolysis(the hemolysis rate>5%).Thus,the purpose of this study was to explore the infuence of Ca^(2+)biomineralization on DBs for developing fast hemostatic materials with a low hemolysis rate.Here,CaCl_(2)was added to the diatom medium under high light(cool white,fuorescent lamps,67.5µmol m^(−2) s^(−1)),producing Ca-DBs-3 with a particle size of 40-50μm and a Ca^(2+)content of Ca-DBs-3 obtained from the higher concentration CaCl_(2)group(6.7 mmol L^(−1))of 0.16%.The liquid absorption capacity of Ca-DBs-3 was 30.43±0.57 times its dry weight;the in vitro clotting time was comparable to QuikClot®zeolite;the hemostatic time and blood loss using the rat tail amputation model were 36.40±2.52 s and 0.39±0.12 g,which were 40.72%and 19.50%of QuikClot®zeolite,respectively.Ca-DBs-3 showed no apparent toxicity to L929 cells(cell viability>80%)and was non-hemolysis(the hemolysis rate<2%).This study prepared Ca-DBs-3 with a rapid hemostatic efect and good biocompatibility,providing a path to develop diatom biosilica hemostatic materials.

Economic Ripple Effects of Individual Disasters and Disaster Clusters

Disaster clusters refer to major disasters that cluster in space and time without any linkage, resulting in large direct damage and economic ripple effects(EREs).However, the cumulative EREs caused by a disaster cluster may not be equal to the summation EREs of the individual disasters within a cluster. We constructed a global economic ripple input-output model suitable for the analysis of disaster clusters and demonstrated the extent of this difference with the example of two typical catastrophes that occurred in 2011(the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Great Thailand Flood), within an interval of only 136 days. The results indicate that:(1) The EREs suffered by 11 of the 35countries affected(30%) are “1 + 1 > 2”, and “1 + 1 < 2”for 24 of the 35 countries affected(70%). This indicates that there is a signifi cant difference between the cumulative and the summation losses. The difference is related to factors such as trade distance, economic influence of disasteraffected sectors, and trade ties;(2) The EREs are more than two times the direct loss and have an industrial dependence, mostly aggregated in key sectors with strong industrial influence and fast trade times in the industrial chain;and(3) Additional EREs due to the extension of the recovery period will be aggregated in countries with close trade ties to the disaster-affected country, further magnifying the difference.

Experiences and perceptions of COVID‑19 infection and vaccination among Palestinian refugees in Jerash camp and Jordanian citizens:a comparative cross‑sectional study by face‑to‑face interviews

Background:During the COVID-19 vaccination,the access to vaccines has been unequal among countries and indi‑viduals,for example low-income countries displayed signifcant low levels of vaccination.Furthermore,most refugees are living in developing low-income countries which struggling to access the essential health-care services including vaccination.Thus,the objective of this study was to assess the experiences and perceptions of COVID-19 infection and vaccination among Palestine refugees in Jerash camp compared to resident Jordanian citizens.Methods:A face-to-face interview-based comparative cross-sectional study was carried out among Palestine refu‑gees in Jerash camp located in northern Jordan and Jordanian citizens from diferent cities in Jordan from October,2021 to March,2022.A Chi-square test was used to determine the diferences in the experiences and perceptions of COVID-19 infection and vaccination between Palestinian refugees and resident Jordanian citizens.Logistic regres‑sion analysis was performed to predict factors associated with the beliefs,barriers and hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccines.Results:The total number of participants was 992,with 501(50.5%)Palestinian refugees and 491(49.5%)Jordanian citizens.Most participants(64.1%)who have never been tested for COVID-19 were from the refugees(P<0.001),whereas about 80.3%of the participants tested for COVID-19 at private healthcare institutions were citizens(P<0.001).While 70.0%of the participants who tested positive for COVID-19(n=303)were from the refugees(P<0.001).Com‑pared to the citizens,the refugees had signifcantly lower levels of beliefs about the safety(P=0.008)and efciency(P<0.001)of COVID-19 vaccines.They also had lower rates of vaccine hesitancy(P=0.002)and vaccine uptake(P<0.001),and a higher rate of facing difculties during registration for COVID-19 vaccination(P<0.001).Furthermore,refugees have more negative attitudes toward the importance and implementation of COVID-19 precautionary activi‑ties,including wearing face masks,practicing social distancing and following proper prevention hygiene compared to citizens(P<0.001).The regression analysis showed that gender(P<0.001),age(P<0.001)and level of education(P=0.001)were signifcantly associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.Also,being a refugee(P<0.001)and being a male(P=0.012)were signifcantly associated with facing more difculties upon the registration to receive a COVID19 vaccine.Conclusions:This study showed that,compared to citizens,refugees had lower attitudes and practices toward COVID-19 infection and vaccination.They also had and a lower rate of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake with limited access to vaccines.Government sectors and non-government organizations should implement policies and regulations to raise the awareness of refugees towards COVID-19 infection,testing,preventive measures,and the safety and efcacy of vaccines.

Optimal resource allocation with spatiotemporal transmission discovery for efective disease control

Background:The new waves of COVID-19 outbreaks caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant are developing rapidly and getting out of control around the world,especially in highly populated regions.The healthcare capacity(especially the testing resources,vaccination coverage,and hospital capacity)is becoming extremely insufcient as the demand will far exceed the supply.To address this time-critical issue,we need to answer a key question:How can we efectively infer the daily transmission risks in diferent districts using machine learning methods and thus lay out the corresponding resource prioritization strategies,so as to alleviate the impact of the Omicron outbreaks?Methods:We propose a computational method for future risk mapping and optimal resource allocation based on the quantitative characterization of spatiotemporal transmission patterns of the Omicron variant.We collect the publicly available data from the ofcial website of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(HKSAR)Government and the study period in this paper is from December 27,2021 to July 17,2022(including a period for future prediction).First,we construct the spatiotemporal transmission intensity matrices across diferent districts based on infection case records.With the constructed cross-district transmission matrices,we forecast the future risks of various locations daily by means of the Gaussian process.Finally,we develop a transmission-guided resource prioritization strategy that enables efective control of Omicron outbreaks under limited capacity.Results:We conduct a comprehensive investigation of risk mapping and resource allocation in Hong Kong,China.The maps of the district-level transmission risks clearly demonstrate the irregular and spatiotemporal varying patterns of the risks,making it difcult for the public health authority to foresee the outbreaks and plan the responses accordingly.With the guidance of the inferred transmission risks,the developed prioritization strategy enables the optimal testing resource allocation for integrative case management(including case detection,quarantine,and further treatment),i.e.,with the 300,000 testing capacity per day;it could reduce the infection peak by 87.1% compared with the population-based allocation strategy(case number reduces from 20,860 to 2689)and by 24.2% compared with the case-based strategy(case number reduces from 3547 to 2689),signifcantly alleviating the burden of the healthcare system.Conclusions:Computationally characterizing spatiotemporal transmission patterns allows for the efective risk mapping and resource prioritization;such adaptive strategies are of critical importance in achieving timely outbreak control under insufcient capacity.The proposed method can help guide public-health responses not only to the Omicron outbreaks but also to the potential future outbreaks caused by other new variants.Moreover,the investigation conducted in Hong Kong,China provides useful suggestions on how to achieve efective disease control with insufcient capacity in other highly populated countries and regions.

Ontology-Based Model of Network and Computer Attacks for Security Assessment

With increased cyber attacks over years,information system security assessment becomes more and more important.This paper provides an ontology-based attack model,and then utilizes it to assess the information system security from attack angle.We categorize attacks into a taxonomy suitable for security assessment.The proposed taxonomy consists of five dimensions,which include attack impact,attack vector,attack target,vulnerability and defense.Afterwards we build an ontology according to the taxonomy.In the ontology,attack related concepts included in the five dimensions and relationships between them are formalized and analyzed in detail.We also populate our attack ontology with information from national vulnerability database(NVD)about the vulnerabilities,such as common vulnerabilities and exposures(CVE),common weakness enumeration(CWE),common vulnerability scoring system(CVSS),and common platform enumeration(CPE).Finally we propose an ontology-based framework for security assessment of network and computer systems,and describe the utilization of ontology in the security assessment and the method for evaluating attack efect on the system when it is under attack.