Study the Effectiveness of ISO 27001 to Mitigate the Cyber Security Threats in the Egyptian Downstream Oil and Gas Industry

As Egyptian oil and gas downstream information technology has grown digitally over the past decade, security breaches against these digitally connected systems have also increased. These cyber security threats could have devastating effects on the operations and reputation of these companies. Preventing such cyberattacks is crucial. Especially, with the significance of the Egyptian oil and gas downstream sector to the local economy and the fact that many of these connected systems are sometimes managed remotely. This paper examines the value of the ISO 27001 standard in mitigating the effect of cyber threat and seeks to inspire decision-makers to the importance of the proactive measures to strengthen their organization’s cybersecurity posture and protect information critical assets. The study stresses the importance of improving the local educational system to bridge the gap between supply and demand for cybersecurity specialists by implementing a structured approach that emphasizes behavior modification to get a high return on investment in cybersecurity awareness.

Cooperative Principle and the Equivalent Effect in Translation

The cooperative principle is an important theory of pragmatics,concerning how to maximally achieve communicative goal.While translation serves as a communicative medium,it should also observe the conversational rules—cooperative principle to achieve the equivalent effect.This paper tries to explore the issue from the perspective of cooperative principle.

Assessment of Equivalent Radium Activity and Annual Effective Dose Due to Building Materials in Côte D’Ivoire by Gamma Spectrometry: Cases of Cement

Radioactivity is a natural phenomenon present in the universe. So, because of human life solidarity with a habitat, we are permanently in contact, especially through building materials. The objective of this work is the determination of the used cement radioactivity level in the buildings in Cote d'Ivoire. Thus, samples of grey and white cement currently used on Ivorian territory were taken. In order to determine the radioactivity level of this cement, samples were analyzed by using gamma spectrometry chain which contains a NaI (Tl) scintillation detector designed by the German manufacturer LD-DIDACTIC, coupled to a multichannel analyzer (AMC) using a Cassy Lab software. Thus, the specific activity of the primordial radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, was able to be determined. The average values obtained are 29.66 Bq/kg, 34.88 Bq/kg and 178.424 Bq/kg respectively for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K. All average values are below the limit values recommended by UNSCEAR. However, we evaluated the radiological parameters such as the equivalent radium activity and the annual effective dose in order to translate the specific activity in terms of harmfulness. Values obtained for these parameters are below those recommended by ICRP and UNSCEAR. These results show that the risk incurred by the use of these different brands of cement is low.

基于波形相似性的柔性互联配电网短路故障区段定位方法

由于柔性多状态开关(soft normal open point,SNOP)复杂的控制策略及其弱馈特性,传统配电网故障定位方法难以适用于柔性互联配电网(flexible distribution network,FDN)。因此,文中提出一种利用电流正序分量波形相似性进行FDN故障区段定位的方法。首先,针对SNOP的典型控制策略,分析FDN的短路故障特征。其次,计算配电网中不同故障位置电流正序分量的Tanimoto系数,通过对比不同位置的电流正序分量波形相似性,构建FDN短路故障定位判据,并通过Teager能量算子(Teager energy operation,TEO)实现故障时刻的精确定位,利用智能配电终端(smart terminal unit,STU)传递信息。最后,通过建模仿真对所提方法进行分析验证,结果表明该方法能够对故障区段进行准确定位,不受故障位置、故障类型、过渡电阻、采样频率及通信延时等因素的影响,验证了该方法的可行性与有效性。

Analysis of Quantitative Trait Loci for Pathogenic Strain Pi-1 of Resistance to Rice False Smut in Rice(Oryza sativa)

In order to identify the resistant gene of rice false smut in rice, a recombi- nant inbred line （RILs） population with 157 lines derived from an inter-subspecies cross of Daguandao/IR28 by the single seed descent method was used to detect quantitative trait loci （QTLs） conferring resistance to strain Pi-1 of rice false smut caused by Usti/aginoiclea virens （Cooke） Takahashi in 2012 and 2013. The disease rate indexes of the two parents and 157 RILs caused by the strain Pi-1 of rice false smut were scored and the QTLs for rice false smut resistance were detected accordingly by QTL Cartographer software. Seven QTLs controlling false smut re- sistance were detected on chromosomes 2, 7, 8, 11 and 12, respectively, with the phenotypic variance of 8.5%-17.2%. There were four QTLs detected in 2012 and 2013, respectively, and only one QTL was found in both two years, the phenotypic variation explained by this individual QTL was 13.5% and 17.2%, and the additive effects of this QTL contributed to the 9.9% and 14.3% decrease of disease index and therefore the disease resistance increased. The direction of the additive effects at five loci qFsr2a, qFsr8a, qFsr8b, qFsr11 and qFsr12 coincided with that predicted by phenotypes of the parents, and the IR28 alleles at these loci had positive effect against rice false smut while the negative effects were found in Daguandao alleles at qFsr2b and qFsr7. The qFsr11 should be useful in rice breeding for resistance to rice false smut in marker-assisted selection （MAS） program.

Pharmacokinetics and Relative Bioavailability ofsustained-release Tablets of Diclofenac Sodiumin Male Volunteers

The pharmacokinetics of a sustained- release formulation and an enteric- coated tablet of diclofenac sodium were studied on 8 healthy male volunteers in an open,randomized crossover study.Drug level in serum was assayed by HPLC method.The changes in serum concentration were conformed to a l-compartment open model.The t_1/2 (Ke)averaged 2.15±0.17 and ll.60 ± l.95 h,and the areas under the drug concentration curves were 5.87 ± 0.67 and 5.55 ± 0.57μgh/ml for enteric-coated and sustained-release tablet of diclofenac sodium,respectively. The mean relative bioavailability of sustained-release tablet was 0.95 to that of enteric-coated tablet.

尾部风险、生产网络与行业增加值波动

建立包含行业尾部风险的多行业生产网络一般均衡模型,从中分解出行业尾部风险扩散导致增加值波动的技术扭曲网络效应和配置扭曲网络效应,然后采用ICIO数据库1998—2020年中国的投入产出数据,实证检验两种扭曲网络效应对行业增加值波动的影响。研究表明:生产网络会放大并传导行业尾部风险,形成技术扭曲网络效应、配置扭曲网络效应,其中配置扭曲网络效应对行业增加值波动的负面影响更强烈;下游行业的需求侧冲击会通过生产网络向上游传导,使技术扭曲网络效应对上游行业的冲击更强;高技术水平的工业、均衡的生产网络结构以及高中间品替代弹性行业更容易抵御风险冲击;在极端事件冲击时期,两种扭曲网络效应的负面冲击更显著。建议政府正视生产网络对风险的传导作用,做好风险防范与对冲,以实现经济平稳运转。

Anti-tumor effect of matrine combined with cisplatin on rat models of cervical cancer

Objective:To observe the anti-tumor effect of matrine combined with cisplatin on U14 rat models of cervical cancer.Methods:A total of 80 female Kunming rats were used to establish U14 rat models of cervical cancer and then divided into groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ,with 20 rats in each.For Group Ⅰ,the control group,injection of normal saline was given around the tumors.For Group Ⅱ,injection of 2 mg/kg cisplatin was given around the tumors.For Group Ⅲ,injection of 75 mg/kg matrine was given around the tumors while the combined injection of matrine and cisplatin was given for Group Ⅳ with the same doses as Groups Ⅱand Ⅲ.The animals were sacrificed 10 d after the injection and tumors were taken out for the comparisons of tumor weights after injection and calculation of anti-tumor rates,while thymus and spleen were taken for thymus index and spleen index.Blood in eyeball was collected for determination of changes in serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels.Sections of tumor issue were prepared and morphological changes in tumor tissue cells were observed by using immunohistochemistry technique.Results:After injection,the thymus index and spleen index in Groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in Groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P<0.05)while the two indexes in Group Ⅱ were significantly lower than Group Ⅰ(P<0.05).The tumor weights in Groups Ⅱ and Ⅳ were significantly smaller than those in Groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ(P<0.05) with significantly higher anti-tumor rates than Groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ(P<0.05).The serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels in Groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly lower than Group Ⅱ(P<0.05) and the two indicators in Group Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in Group Ⅳ(P<0.05).The observation under the histological microscope showed densely arranged tumor cells in Group Ⅰ,growing as a crumby structure and diffuse appearance,with hyperchromatic and large nuclei,and abundant cytoplasm.In the case of Group Ⅱ,it showed less tumor cells,with extensive degenerative necrosis,sparse arrangement and karyopyknosis as well as karyoclasis.For Group Ⅲ,necrosis of tumor cells in different sizes and heterogeneous color in nuclei were observed.For Group Ⅳ,the number of tumor cells was significantly smaller than Groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ and the tumor cells presented an appearance of crumby structure as cancer nests,with more proliferation of connective tissue.Conclusions:The treatment of matrine combined with cisplatin can significantly improve the anti-tumor effect on U14 rats with cervical cancer,which can be a new option for the treatment for cervical cancer.

A Cumulant-Based Adaptive Detection Technique for Optical Wireless Communication Over Strong Turbulence Channels

The optical wireless communication (OWC) is afading channel because of the effect of atmosphericattenuation. We introduce a cumulant-based adaptive detection technique to providehigh performance for OWC. The received signalof OWC over strong turbulence channels is assumedto be a mixture of K-distributed fading andGaussian distributed thermal noise. In order tomitigate the fading induced by turbulence, thedecision threshold-updating algorithm based onsecond and higher order cumulants is proposed,which is able to operate in an unknown turbulenceenvironment. The performance of the adaptiveprocessing scheme has been evaluated by meansof Monte Carlo simulations. It is shown that theproposed approach proves valuable for a limitednumber K of memory data.

Adaptive Antenna-Activation Based Beamforming for Large-Scale MIMO Communication Systems of High Speed Railway

Large-scale array aided beamforming improves the spectral efficiency(SE) as a benefit of high angular resolution.When dual-beam downlink beamforming is applied to the train moving towards cell edge,the inter-beam ambiguity(IBA) increases as the directional difference between beams becomes smaller.An adaptive antenna activation based beamforming scheme was proposed to mitigate IBA.In the district near the base station(BS),all antenna elements(AEs) were activated to generate two beams.As the distance from the train to the BS increased,only the minimum number of AEs satisfying the resolution criterion would be activated.At the cell edge,one beam was switched off due to intolerable IBA.The proposed scheme can achieve SE gain to the non-adaptive scheme and show more robustness against the direction-of-arrival(DOA) estimation error.

PRECISE MOMENT ASYMPTOTICS FOR THE STOCHASTIC HEAT EQUATION OF A TIME-DERIVATIVE GAUSSIAN NOISE

This article establishes the precise asymptotics Eu^m(t, x)(t → ∞ or m → ∞) for the stochastic heat equation ?u/?t(t, x) =1/2?u(t, x) + u(t, x)(t, x)?W/?t(t, x) with the time-derivative Gaussian noise W?/?t(t, x) that is fractional in time and homogeneous in space.

Birefringence Effect of Long-period Fiber Gratings Fabricated by SMF

The fabrication of LPFG in single mode fiber （SMF） was fabricated using amplitude mask writing techniques. The birefringence effect of LPFG for sensing the transverse strain was discussed in detail. The experimented results shou that it exhibits a very high sensitivity and a good linearity to transverse strain, with a sensitivity some hundred times greater than what has been achieved using FBG sensor.

Analytical solutions of transient pulsed eddy current problem due to elliptical electromagnetic concentrative coils

The electromagnetic concentrative coils are indispensable in the functional magnetic stimulation and have potential applications in nondestructive testing. In this paper, we propose a figure-8-shaped coil being composed of two arbitrary oblique elliptical coils, which can change the electromagnetic concentrative region and the magnitude of eddy current density by changing the elliptical shape and/or spread angle between two elliptical coils. Pulsed current is usually the excitation source in the functional magnetic stimulation, so in this paper we derive the analytical solutions of transient pulsed eddy current field in the time domain due to the elliptical concentrative coil placed in an arbitrary position over a half-infinite plane conductor by making use of the scale-transformation, the Laplace transform and the Fourier transform are used in our derivation. Calculation results of field distributions produced by the figure-8-shaped elliptical coil show some behaviours as follows： 1） the eddy currents are focused on the conductor under the geometric symmetric centre of figure-8-shaped coil; 2） the greater the scale factor of ellipse is, the higher the eddy current density is and the wider the concentrative area of eddy current along y axis is; 3） the maximum magnitude of eddy current density increases with the increase of spread angle. When spread angle is 180°, there are two additional reverse concentrative areas on both sides of x axis.

Resource Allocation for Network Security Risk Assessment：A Non-Cooperative Differential Game Based Approach

In this paper, we propose a non-cooperative differential game theory based resource allocation approach for the network security risk assessment. For the risk assessment, the resource will be used for risk assess, including response cost and response negative cost. The whole assessment process is considered as a differential game for optimal resource control. The proposed scheme can be obtained through the Nash Equilibrium. It is proved that the game theory based algorithm is applicable and the optimal resource level can be achieved based on the proposed algorithm.

STUDY ON THE MUTAGNENIC EFFECTS OF a-MOMORCHARIM

A basic glucoprotein named α-momorcharin(Mr:29000) that was isolated andpurified from the seeds of MomordicaCharantia was proved to have an obviousinhibitory effect on early pregnacy of

Hepatoprotective Activity of Yigan Mingmu Oral Liquid against Isoniazid/Rifampicin-Induced Liver Injuries in Rats

Background: To explore the hepatoprotective effect of Yigan mingmu oral liquid (YGMM) on isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injury in rats. Methods: Total 38 SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups including control group, model group, silymarin positive control group, and three YGMM treatment groups. Model group was administered intragastrically with INH (100 mg/kg) and RIF (100 mg/kg) for 14 days. Silymarin group and YGMM treatment groups were administered intragastrically with silymarin (100 mg/kg) and different doses of YGMM (1, 2.5, 5 mg/kg) 2 hours before INH and RIF administration from day 4 to day 14.?Results: Rats were sacrificed 16 hours after the last day treatment to determine the activities of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as total bilirubin (TB) content. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Histopathological changes in liver tissues were observed under an optical microscope by using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The mice?in model groups showed significantly (p < 0.05) increased levels in AST, ALT, ALP, TB and MDA compared to their control groups;and showed significantly (p < 0.05) decreased level in T-SOD. These changes were significantly (p < 0.05) reversed by the YGMM treatments in a dose-dependent manner. Hepatic pathological changes were attenuated or even reversed by silymarin or YGMM treatments. Conclusions: YGMM has a good hepatoprotective activity on isoniazid-rifampicin induced liver injuries in rats.

A study on coherent structures and drag-reduction in the wall turbulence with polymer additives by TRPIV

An experimental measurement was performed us- ing time-resolved particle image velocimetry （TRPIV） to in- vestigate the spatial topological character of coherent struc- tures in wall-bounded turbulence of polymer additive solu- tion. The fully developed near-wall turbulent flow fields with and without polymer additives at the same Reynolds number were measured by TRPIV in a water channel. The compar- isons of turbulent statistics confirm that due to viscoelastic structure of long-chain polymers, the wall-normal velocity fluctuation and Reynolds shear stress in the near-wall region are suppressed significantly. Furthermore, it is noted that such a behavior of polymers is closely related to the decease of the motion of the second and forth quadrants, i.e., the ejection and sweep events, in the near-wall region. The spa- tial topological mode of coherent structures during bursts has been extracted by the new mu-level criteria based on locally averaged velocity structure function. Although the general shapes of coherent structures are unchanged by polymer additives, the fluctuating velocity, velocity gradient, velocity strain rate and vorticity of coherent structures during burst events are suppressed in the polymer additive solution com- pared with that in water. The results show that due to the polymer additives the occurrence and intensity of coherent structures are suppressed, leading to drag reduction.

Fast PARAFAC decomposition with application to polarization sensitive array parameter estimations

In tensor theory, the parallel factorization （PARAFAC）decomposition expresses a tensor as the sum of a set of rank-1tensors. By carrying out this numerical decomposition, mixedsources can be separated or unknown system parameters can beidentified, which is the so-called blind source separation or blindidentification. In this paper we propose a numerical PARAFACdecomposition algorithm. Compared to traditional algorithms, wespeed up the decomposition in several aspects, i.e., search di-rection by extrapolation, suboptimal step size by Gauss-Newtonapproximation, and linear search by n steps. The algorithm is ap-plied to polarization sensitive array parameter estimation to showits usefulness. Simulations verify the correctness and performanceof the proposed numerical techniques.

Conditioning knockout of nampt gene in mouse hippocampus neuron induces neuro⁃degeneration and cognitive deficiency

OBJECTIVE Nicotinamide phos⁃phoribosyltransferase(NAMPT)is the key en⁃zyme in the NAD(nicotinamide adenine dinucleo⁃tide)salvaging synthesis pathway.The level of NAMPT and NAD decreases during ageing,which causes neurodegenerative diseases.How⁃ever,the study of neuron-and region-specific ge⁃netic disturbance of NAMPT on cognition impair⁃ment is still lacking.This study was to explore the consequences and mechanisms of hippo⁃campus CA1 neuron-specific knockout of NAMPT on mouse cognitive functions.METH⁃ODS Floxed three-month old Nampt(Namptflox/flox)mice were used,and injected rAAV-hSyn-Cre-APRE-pA into the hippocampus CA1 region to specifically knockout the nampt gene.The learn⁃ing and memory of mice was determined at one-month after the intracerebral injection of AAV.We used immunofluorescence and trans⁃mission electron microscopy to detect neuronal injury.Western blotting and ELISA were used to measure the change of protein level and small molecule level.RESULTS One month after the knockout of nampt gene,the level of NAD signifi⁃cantly decreased in mouse hippocampus.The hippocampus dependent cognition of mice was also significantly decreased when compared to the wild type mice.However,the locomotor ac⁃tivity and anxiety behavior remained un⁃changed.Though there was no neuronal loss,and the neuronal cell bodies remained morpholog⁃ically intact.The level of Tau and MAP2 signifi⁃cantly decreased and degenerative change was found by using transmission electron micro⁃scope,which indicating the injury of both den⁃drites and axons.Meanwhile,the neuronal injury increased the neuroinflammation indicated by the activation of astrocyte and microglia.CON⁃CLUSION The decline of NAMPT and NAD causes neurodegeneration and cognition impair⁃ment of mice.

Assessment of Dust Aerosol Optical Depth and Shortwave Radiative Forcing over the Northwest Pacific Ocean in Spring Based on Satellite Observations

Dust aerosol optical depth (AOD) and its ac-companying shortwave radiative forcing (RF) are usually simulated by numerical models.Here,by using 9 months of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol product data in combination with Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System Single Scanner Footprint (CERES/SSF) data,dust AOD and its shortwave RF were estimated over the cloud-free north-west (NW) Pacific Ocean in the springs of 2004,2005,and 2006.The results showed that in this region,the mean dust AOD and its shortwave RF were 0.10 and 5.51 W m 2,respectively.In order to validate the dust AOD de-rived by MODIS,results from the Goddard Global Ozone Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) model were also used here.The correlation coefficient between the monthly averaged dust AOD derived by MODIS measurements and the model simulation results was approximately 0.53.Since the estimates of the dust AOD and its shortwave RF obtained in this study are based mainly on satellite data,they offer a good reference for numerical models.