Holistic care model of time-sharing management for severe and critical COVID-19 patients

The rapid global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and the surge of infected patients have led to the verge of exhaustion of critical care medicine resources worldwide,especially with regard to critical care staff.A holistic care model on time-sharing management for severe and critical COVID-19 patients is proposed,which includes formulation of individualized care objectives and plans,identification of care tasks in each shift and making detailed checklist,and management of quality of care.This study was conducted in the COVID-19 treatment center of Harbin,Heilongjiang Province.The data collected from the treatment center were recorded and analyzed.From the results we can deduce that it is especially suitable for non-intensive care unit(non-ICU)nurses to adapt care management mode of ICU as soon as possible and ensure the quality and efficiency of care during the epidemic.The holistic care model on time-sharing management for severe and critical cases with COVID-19 proposed based on our daily work experiences can assist in improving the quality and efficiency of care,thus reducing the mortality rate of patients in ICU.

A systematic evaluation of the performance of GPT-4 and PaLM2 to diagnose comorbidities in MIMIC-IV patients

Background:Given the strikingly high diagnostic error rate in hospitals,and the recent development of Large Language Models(LLMs),we set out to measure the diagnostic sensitivity of two popular LLMs:GPT-4 and PaLM2.Small-scale studies to evaluate the diagnostic ability of LLMs have shown promising results,with GPT-4 demonstrating high accuracy in diagnosing test cases.However,larger evaluations on real electronic patient data are needed to provide more reliable estimates.Methods:To fill this gap in the literature,we used a deidentified Electronic Health Record(EHR)data set of about 300,000 patients admitted to the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston.This data set contained blood,imaging,microbiology and vital sign information as well as the patients'medical diagnostic codes.Based on the available EHR data,doctors curated a set of diagnoses for each patient,which we will refer to as ground truth diagnoses.We then designed carefully-written prompts to get patient diagnostic predictions from the LLMs and compared this to the ground truth diagnoses in a random sample of 1000 patients.Results:Based on the proportion of correctly predicted ground truth diagnoses,we estimated the diagnostic hit rate of GPT-4 to be 93.9%.PaLM2 achieved 84.7%on the same data set.On these 1000 randomly selected EHRs,GPT-4 correctly identified 1116 unique diagnoses.Conclusion:The results suggest that artificial intelligence(AI)has the potential when working alongside clinicians to reduce cognitive errors which lead to hundreds of thousands of misdiagnoses every year.However,human oversight of AI remains essential:LLMs cannot replace clinicians,especially when it comes to human understanding and empathy.Furthermore,a significant number of challenges in incorporating AI into health care exist,including ethical,liability and regulatory barriers.