A study about some physicochemical parameters of Egbe reservoir was carried out from September 2005 to December 2006. The parameters include mean temperature, pH, conductivity, alkalinity, TSS, TDS, DO and BOD which h...A study about some physicochemical parameters of Egbe reservoir was carried out from September 2005 to December 2006. The parameters include mean temperature, pH, conductivity, alkalinity, TSS, TDS, DO and BOD which have values of 28.7±0.9 ℃ ; 8.3±0.3; 831±172.5 μS/cm; 165.4±18.3 mg/L; 0.06±0.1 mg/L; 0.4±0.6 mg/L; 7.8±2.4 mg/L and 5.2±1.6mg/L, respectively. Temperature and pH were measured in the field using mercury-in-glass thermometer calibrated in degrees Celsius and pH meter, respectively. TSS and TDS were measured by grayimetric methods, while alkalinity was measured titrimetrically and DO and BOD were measured by Winkler＇s method. For the nutrients, nitrate was measured color±metrically, phosphate by Stannous Chloride method and sulphate by turbidimetric method. Mean concentration of nitrate, phosphate, and sulphate were 15.6±8.6 rag/L; 42.5±19.4 mg/L and 72.3±14.7 mg/L respectively. Nowadays, eutrophication of natural waters is one of the most significant causes of deterioration of water quality, and nitrates and phosphates are probably the key nutrients in controlling the growth of aquatic plants. Though the mean concentration of nitrates and phosphates in the reservoir water were within the acceptable limit, yet their concentrations in some locations of reservoir were high enough to encourage the growth of aquatic macrophytes which would increase productivities. Hence, it is necessary to check their further increase, and periodic monitoring and preventive measures must be adopted to save the reservoir from eutrophication.展开更多
文摘A study about some physicochemical parameters of Egbe reservoir was carried out from September 2005 to December 2006. The parameters include mean temperature, pH, conductivity, alkalinity, TSS, TDS, DO and BOD which have values of 28.7±0.9 ℃ ; 8.3±0.3; 831±172.5 μS/cm; 165.4±18.3 mg/L; 0.06±0.1 mg/L; 0.4±0.6 mg/L; 7.8±2.4 mg/L and 5.2±1.6mg/L, respectively. Temperature and pH were measured in the field using mercury-in-glass thermometer calibrated in degrees Celsius and pH meter, respectively. TSS and TDS were measured by grayimetric methods, while alkalinity was measured titrimetrically and DO and BOD were measured by Winkler＇s method. For the nutrients, nitrate was measured color±metrically, phosphate by Stannous Chloride method and sulphate by turbidimetric method. Mean concentration of nitrate, phosphate, and sulphate were 15.6±8.6 rag/L; 42.5±19.4 mg/L and 72.3±14.7 mg/L respectively. Nowadays, eutrophication of natural waters is one of the most significant causes of deterioration of water quality, and nitrates and phosphates are probably the key nutrients in controlling the growth of aquatic plants. Though the mean concentration of nitrates and phosphates in the reservoir water were within the acceptable limit, yet their concentrations in some locations of reservoir were high enough to encourage the growth of aquatic macrophytes which would increase productivities. Hence, it is necessary to check their further increase, and periodic monitoring and preventive measures must be adopted to save the reservoir from eutrophication.
文摘针对展成法加工齿轮切削力呈周期性变化引起刀具与工件的相对位姿偏差,导致工件齿轮加工误差的问题,文章提出一种基于自抗扰控制(active disturbance rejection control,ADRC)的主从式电子齿轮箱(electronic gearbox,EGB)控制方法。首先,分析滚齿加工过程中机床各运动轴之间的联动关系,建立斜齿轮加工运动控制数学模型,确立主从式EGB结构模型;其次,建立EGB中各轴跟踪误差与工件齿轮齿廓偏差、齿距偏差和螺旋线偏差之间的数学关系,采用交叉耦合控制(cross-coupling control,CCC)补偿方式求解出各运动轴的补偿量,对从动轴进行补偿;然后,构建基于传统比例积分微分(proportional integral derivative,PID)控制和扩张状态观测器(extended state observer,ESO)的ADRC-EGB,评估EGB从动轴所受的干扰并进行补偿,提高其同步精度和鲁棒性。最后,在开放式实时半实物仿真平台开展滚齿加工运动模拟实验。结果表明该EGB控制结构相较于传统EGB具有更高的同步控制精度和抗干扰能力。
