In this paper, the effects of frying time, white egg (0%, 5% and 10% w/w) and chitosan (0%, 0.5% and 1.5% w/w) addition to the batter formulation on the quality of simulated crispy deep-fried Kurdish cheese nugget cru...In this paper, the effects of frying time, white egg (0%, 5% and 10% w/w) and chitosan (0%, 0.5% and 1.5% w/w) addition to the batter formulation on the quality of simulated crispy deep-fried Kurdish cheese nugget crusts was studied by using a deep-fried crust model. Moisture content, oil content, color and hardness of the samples were determined. Crust models were fried at 190℃ for 60, 120 and 180 s. Batter formulations and frying time significantly (p < 0.01) affected moisture, oil content, color and hardness of Crust models. Batter formulation contain 10% white egg was found to be an effective ingredient in decreasing oil content of Crust models. The mean moisture and fat content of Crust models formed with batter contained 10% white egg, fried at 190℃, for 180s were 6.207 ± 0.447 and 5.649 ± 0.394. Batters containing 5% white egg and 1.5% chitosan showed the lowest moisture content and the highest oil content among all the formulations. Crust models containing combination of white egg and chitosan were the darkest. Hardness of samples containing chitosan were the highest, specially for ch1.5 The mean hardness in 60, 120 and 180s of frying in this formulation were 21.518 ± 0.481, 36.871 ± 1.758 and 49.563 ± 1.847 respectively.展开更多
An experimental model of hepatic Schistosoma japonicum egg granuloma was established in C57BL/6 mice sensitized with soluble egg antigen(SEA) by direct injection of vital egg suspension into the spleen. The mice infec...An experimental model of hepatic Schistosoma japonicum egg granuloma was established in C57BL/6 mice sensitized with soluble egg antigen(SEA) by direct injection of vital egg suspension into the spleen. The mice infected with cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum in abdominal skin were used for comparative studies. The results showed that morbidity of hepatic Schistosoma japonicum egg granulomas in the group sensitized with SEA was 100% and that the morphology, cellular constituents, developing process and the diameter and size of the egg granulomas in the group sensitized with SEA were similar to those of the group infected with cercariae. The authors suggest that this experimental model is a useful and appropriate tool for the study on egg granulomas of Schistosoma japonicum.展开更多
<strong>Objective:</strong> A rabbit model of schistosoma granuloma was established by injecting <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> eggs via carotid artery after opening blood-brain barrier with mann...<strong>Objective:</strong> A rabbit model of schistosoma granuloma was established by injecting <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> eggs via carotid artery after opening blood-brain barrier with mannitol. <strong>Methods:</strong> Rabbits in the experimental group were injected with 1 ml of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> egg suspension after injecting mannitol into carotid for 20 min to establish a rabbit model;The rabbits in the negative control group were injected with mannitol through carotid artery for 20 min, followed by 1 ml normal saline injection;rabbits in the positive control group were injected with 1 ml suspension of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> eggs after coning cranial. The clinical manifestations of three groups of animals were observed after surgery, and brain tissue was taken for pathological examination 30 days later. <strong>Results:</strong> Brain histopathological examination: one rabbit in the experimental group showed inflammatory changes and no granuloma;no granuloma and inflammatory changes were observed in the negative control group;in the positive control group, granulomatous changes were observed in two rabbits and fibrillary glia astrocytosis in eight rabbits. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Further studies are needed to establish an animal model by injecting eggs into the carotid artery and the method of injecting schistosoma egg suspension into brain tissue after skull drilling has a high success展开更多
针对破壳鸡蛋(破口蛋和裂纹蛋)缺陷差异性大,在线检测要求实时,以及人工检测依靠主观经验且检测速度慢、检测精度不高等问题,该研究提出一种基于改进的YOLOv7(You Only Look Once v7)模型的破壳鸡蛋在线实时检测系统。以YOLOv7网络为基...针对破壳鸡蛋(破口蛋和裂纹蛋)缺陷差异性大,在线检测要求实时,以及人工检测依靠主观经验且检测速度慢、检测精度不高等问题,该研究提出一种基于改进的YOLOv7(You Only Look Once v7)模型的破壳鸡蛋在线实时检测系统。以YOLOv7网络为基础,将YOLOv7网络的损失函数CIoU(complete-IoU)替换为WIoUv2(wise-IoU),在骨干网络(backbone)中嵌入坐标注意力模块(coordinate attention,CA)和添加可变形卷积DCNv2(deformable convnet)模块,同时将YOLOv7网络中的检测头(IDetect)替换为具有隐式知识学习的解耦检测头(IDetect_Decoupled)模块。在PC端的试验结果表明,改进后的模型在测试集上平均精度均值(mean average precision,m AP)为94.0%,单张图片检测时间为13.1 ms,与模型改进之前相比,其mAP提高了2.9个百分点,检测时间仅延长1.0 ms;改进后模型的参数量为3.64×10^(7),较原始模型降低了2.1%。最后通过格式转换并利用ONNXRun time深度学习框架把模型部署至设备端,在ONNXRuntime推理框架下进行在线检测验证。试验结果表明:该算法相较原始YOLOv7误检率降低了3.8个百分点,漏检率不变,并且在线检测平均帧率约为54帧/s,满足在线实时性检测需求。该研究可为破壳鸡蛋在线检测研究提供技术参考。展开更多
Hosts evolve defensive strategies to minimize the reproductive costs of brood parasitism,in turn,the hosts'defense promote the optimization of cuckoo parasitism strategies(Soler 2017).Recognizing foreign eggs and ...Hosts evolve defensive strategies to minimize the reproductive costs of brood parasitism,in turn,the hosts'defense promote the optimization of cuckoo parasitism strategies(Soler 2017).Recognizing foreign eggs and selectively removing them from the nest can minimize the fitness costs associated with rearing parasitic fledglings(Soler 2017).Since Rothstein(1971)first experimented with the addition of a model egg to a host nest in the early incubation period to study host egg recognition,the use of model eggs has become one of the most important methods for testing the egg recognition abilities of hosts(Hauber et al.2019).Some studies have looked at various egg colors and their effect on host egg rejection and found differential responses to egg colors(for more details,see Supplementary Materials),highlighting that more work needs to examine the effect of model egg color on host egg rejection behavior.展开更多
文摘In this paper, the effects of frying time, white egg (0%, 5% and 10% w/w) and chitosan (0%, 0.5% and 1.5% w/w) addition to the batter formulation on the quality of simulated crispy deep-fried Kurdish cheese nugget crusts was studied by using a deep-fried crust model. Moisture content, oil content, color and hardness of the samples were determined. Crust models were fried at 190℃ for 60, 120 and 180 s. Batter formulations and frying time significantly (p < 0.01) affected moisture, oil content, color and hardness of Crust models. Batter formulation contain 10% white egg was found to be an effective ingredient in decreasing oil content of Crust models. The mean moisture and fat content of Crust models formed with batter contained 10% white egg, fried at 190℃, for 180s were 6.207 ± 0.447 and 5.649 ± 0.394. Batters containing 5% white egg and 1.5% chitosan showed the lowest moisture content and the highest oil content among all the formulations. Crust models containing combination of white egg and chitosan were the darkest. Hardness of samples containing chitosan were the highest, specially for ch1.5 The mean hardness in 60, 120 and 180s of frying in this formulation were 21.518 ± 0.481, 36.871 ± 1.758 and 49.563 ± 1.847 respectively.
文摘An experimental model of hepatic Schistosoma japonicum egg granuloma was established in C57BL/6 mice sensitized with soluble egg antigen(SEA) by direct injection of vital egg suspension into the spleen. The mice infected with cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum in abdominal skin were used for comparative studies. The results showed that morbidity of hepatic Schistosoma japonicum egg granulomas in the group sensitized with SEA was 100% and that the morphology, cellular constituents, developing process and the diameter and size of the egg granulomas in the group sensitized with SEA were similar to those of the group infected with cercariae. The authors suggest that this experimental model is a useful and appropriate tool for the study on egg granulomas of Schistosoma japonicum.
文摘<strong>Objective:</strong> A rabbit model of schistosoma granuloma was established by injecting <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> eggs via carotid artery after opening blood-brain barrier with mannitol. <strong>Methods:</strong> Rabbits in the experimental group were injected with 1 ml of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> egg suspension after injecting mannitol into carotid for 20 min to establish a rabbit model;The rabbits in the negative control group were injected with mannitol through carotid artery for 20 min, followed by 1 ml normal saline injection;rabbits in the positive control group were injected with 1 ml suspension of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> eggs after coning cranial. The clinical manifestations of three groups of animals were observed after surgery, and brain tissue was taken for pathological examination 30 days later. <strong>Results:</strong> Brain histopathological examination: one rabbit in the experimental group showed inflammatory changes and no granuloma;no granuloma and inflammatory changes were observed in the negative control group;in the positive control group, granulomatous changes were observed in two rabbits and fibrillary glia astrocytosis in eight rabbits. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Further studies are needed to establish an animal model by injecting eggs into the carotid artery and the method of injecting schistosoma egg suspension into brain tissue after skull drilling has a high success
文摘针对破壳鸡蛋(破口蛋和裂纹蛋)缺陷差异性大,在线检测要求实时,以及人工检测依靠主观经验且检测速度慢、检测精度不高等问题,该研究提出一种基于改进的YOLOv7(You Only Look Once v7)模型的破壳鸡蛋在线实时检测系统。以YOLOv7网络为基础,将YOLOv7网络的损失函数CIoU(complete-IoU)替换为WIoUv2(wise-IoU),在骨干网络(backbone)中嵌入坐标注意力模块(coordinate attention,CA)和添加可变形卷积DCNv2(deformable convnet)模块,同时将YOLOv7网络中的检测头(IDetect)替换为具有隐式知识学习的解耦检测头(IDetect_Decoupled)模块。在PC端的试验结果表明,改进后的模型在测试集上平均精度均值(mean average precision,m AP)为94.0%,单张图片检测时间为13.1 ms,与模型改进之前相比,其mAP提高了2.9个百分点,检测时间仅延长1.0 ms;改进后模型的参数量为3.64×10^(7),较原始模型降低了2.1%。最后通过格式转换并利用ONNXRun time深度学习框架把模型部署至设备端,在ONNXRuntime推理框架下进行在线检测验证。试验结果表明:该算法相较原始YOLOv7误检率降低了3.8个百分点,漏检率不变,并且在线检测平均帧率约为54帧/s,满足在线实时性检测需求。该研究可为破壳鸡蛋在线检测研究提供技术参考。
基金supported by Key R&D projects in Ningxia(talent introduction project,2021BEB04015)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities,North Minzu University(2021KYQD05)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31970427,32270526)and the specific research fund of The Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province.
文摘Hosts evolve defensive strategies to minimize the reproductive costs of brood parasitism,in turn,the hosts'defense promote the optimization of cuckoo parasitism strategies(Soler 2017).Recognizing foreign eggs and selectively removing them from the nest can minimize the fitness costs associated with rearing parasitic fledglings(Soler 2017).Since Rothstein(1971)first experimented with the addition of a model egg to a host nest in the early incubation period to study host egg recognition,the use of model eggs has become one of the most important methods for testing the egg recognition abilities of hosts(Hauber et al.2019).Some studies have looked at various egg colors and their effect on host egg rejection and found differential responses to egg colors(for more details,see Supplementary Materials),highlighting that more work needs to examine the effect of model egg color on host egg rejection behavior.
