Impact of dexmedetomidine-assisted anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing radical resection of colon cancer

BACKGROUND Radical resection of colon cancer under general anesthesia is one of the main treatment methods for this malignancy.However,due to the physiological charac-teristics of elderly patients,the safety of perioperative anesthesia needs special attention.As anα2-adrenergic receptor agonist,dexmedetomidine(Dex)has attracted much attention from anesthesiologists due to its stabilizing effect on heart rate and blood pressure,inhibitory effect on inflammation,and sedative and analgesic effects.Its application in general anesthesia may have a positive impact on the quality of anesthesia and postoperative recovery in elderly patients undergoing radical resection of colon cancer.METHODS A total of 165 colon cancer patients who underwent radical surgery for colon cancer under general anesthesia at Qingdao University Affiliated Haici Hospital,Qingdao,China were recruited and divided into two groups:A and B.In group A,Dex was administered 30 min before surgery,while group B received an equivalent amount of normal saline.The hemodynamic changes,pulmonary compliance,airway pressure,inflammatory factors,confusion assessment method scores,Ramsay Sedation-Agitation Scale scores,and cellular immune function indicators were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Group A showed less intraoperative hemodynamic fluctuations,better pulmonary compliance,and lower airway resistance compared with group B.Twelve hours after the surgery,the serum levels of TLR-2,TLR-4,IL-6,and TNF-αin group A were significantly lower than those of group B(P<0.05).After extubation,the Ramsay Sedation-Agitation Scale score of group A patients was significantly higher than that of group B patients,indicating a higher level of sedation.The incidence of delirium was significantly lower in group A than in group B(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The use of Dex as an adjunct to general anesthesia for radical surgery in elderly patients with colon cancer results in better effectiveness of anesthesia.

Application value of dexmedetomidine in anesthesia for elderly patients undergoing radical colon cancer surgery

BACKGROUND Colon cancer presents a substantial risk to the well-being of elderly people worldwide.With advancements in medical technology,surgical treatment has become the primary approach for managing colon cancer patients.However,due to age-related physiological changes,especially a decline in cognitive function,older patients are more susceptible to the effects of surgery and anesthesia,increasing the relative risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD).There-fore,in the surgical treatment of elderly patients with colon cancer,it is of pa-ramount importance to select an appropriate anesthetic approach to reduce the occurrence of POCD,protect brain function,and improve surgical success rates.METHODS One hundred and seventeen patients with colon cancer who underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia were selected and divided into two groups:A and B.Group A received Dex before anesthesia induction,and B group received an equivalent amount of normal saline.Changes in the mini-mental state exami-nation,regional cerebral oxygen saturation(rSO2),bispectral index,glucose uptake rate(GluER),lactate production rate(LacPR),serum S100βand neuron-specific enolase(NSE),POCD,and adverse anesthesia reactions were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Surgical duration,duration of anesthesia,and intraoperative blood loss were comparable between the two groups(P>0.05).The overall dosage of anesthetic drugs used in group A,including propofol and remifentanil,was significantly lower than that used in group B(P<0.05).Group A exhibited higher rSO2 values at the time of endotracheal intubation,30 min after the start of surgery,and immediately after extubation,higher GluER values and lower LacPR values at the time of endotra-cheal intubation,30 min after the start of surgery,immediately after extubation,and 5 min after extubation(P<0.05).Group A exhibited lower levels of serum S100βand NSE 24 h postoperatively and a lower incidence of cognitive dysfunction on the 1st and 5th postoperative days(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The use of Dex in elderly patients undergoing radical colon cancer surgery helps maintain rSO2 Levels and reduce cerebral metabolic levels and the incidence of anesthesia-and surgery-induced cognitive dysfunction.

A Comparative Study of the Short-Term Efficacy of Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Right-Sided Colon Cancer with Two Different Surgeon Positions and Trocar Placements

Objective: To investigate the short-term efficacy of laparoscopic radical resection of right-sided colon cancer with two different surgeon positions and trocar placements. Methods: The data of 78 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical resection of right-sided colon cancer between January 2018 and August 2019 were retrospectively analysed. The surgical method was selected by the patients. The patients were divided into two groups according to the surgeons’ positioning habits and trocar placements. The group with the lead surgeon standing between the patient’s legs had 35 patients, and the group with the lead surgeon standing at the left side of the patient had 43 patients. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative anal gas evacuation time, postoperative urinary catheter indwelling time, postoperative hospital stay, C-reactive protein (CRP) level on the first day after surgery, and postoperative pathological data and complications were compared between the two groups. Results: All patients underwent the laparoscopic radical resection of right-sided colon cancer, none converting to laparotomy. No significant difference (P > 0.05) in intraoperative blood loss (57.6 ± 21.3 ml vs 60.2 ± 35.3 ml), postoperative anal gas evacuation time (3.5 ± 1.1 d vs 3.8 ± 1.3 d), postoperative urinary catheter indwelling time (2.6 ± 1.3 d vs 2.4 ± 1.2 d), postoperative hospital stay (7.1 ± 1.8 d vs 7.5 ± 2.1 d), or CRP level on the first day after surgery (54.7 ± 9.6 mg/L vs 53.9 ± 8.2 mg/L) was detected between the two groups. The operation time was shorter in the group with the lead surgeon standing between the patient’s legs (185.2 ± 25.6 min vs 196.2 ±19.7 min) (P < 0.05). The two groups did not differ significantly in the tumour length (4.2 ± 1.3 cm vs 3.9 ± 1.5 cm), number of dissected lymph nodes (27.5 ± 11.6 vs 25.1 ± 15.4), pathological type, or postoperative pathological tumour-node-metastasis stage (P > 0.05). No patients died or had anastomotic fistula during their postoperative hospital stay, and the incidence of postoperative complications did not differ between the two groups (22.9% (8/35) vs 23.3% (10/42);P > 0.05). Conclusion: Under the principle of radical resection, the surgeon should adopt the most suitable standing position and trocar placement according to the specific situation. If the surgeon stands between the patient’s legs, this might shorten the operation time and promote a smoother surgery.

Effect of dexmedetomidine on inflammatory factors and immune function in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer

Objective:To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on inflammatory factors and immune function in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer. Methods: From April 2016 to April 2017, 86 cases of elderly laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. 2 groups of patients were open venous access, oxygen mask, monitoring heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), electrocardiogram (ECG), oxygen saturation (SpO2), bispectral index (BIS), after induction of anesthesia, the observation group was given dexmedetomidine 0.4 g/kg to 20 mL of normal saline control. Group of 20 mL saline, 15 min infusion is completed, and the observation group of dexmedetomidine in 0.4 g/kg - h continuous infusion of normal saline control group, continuous infusion, until the end of surgery. Before induction of anesthesia (T0), 2 h after operation beginning (T1), at the end of operation (T2), 24 h after operation (T3) in venous blood, using ELISA method for the determination of serum interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (the level of TNF-alpha);on preoperative and postoperative 4 h, 12 h, 24 h after operation in venous blood serum epinephrine ELISA method (E), norepinephrine (NE), endothelin-1 (ET-1) level;on preoperative and postoperative 4 h, 12 h after surgery, 24 h venous blood flow cytometry determination of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+.Results:compared with before operation, the observation group after 4 h, 12 h, 24 h NE, and the lower control group E, NE and ET-1 increased, the observation group after 4 h, 12 h, 24 h E, NE, ET-1 lower than that of the control group;compared with T0, 2 patients in group T2, T3 sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-alpha were increased, the observation group T2, T3 sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF- were lower than that of the control group;compared with the preoperative, 2 group after 4 h, 12 h, 24 h CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ decreased, the observation group after 4 h, 12 h, 24 h CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+ higher than those in the control group.Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine has a good analgesic effect on elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer. It can effectively relieve the stress reaction and inflammatory reaction during perioperative period, and effectively improve the immune function of the patients.

Effect of laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer on immune function, stress response and gastrointestinal hormones in patients with colon cancer

Objective:To investigate the effect of laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer on immune function, stress response and gastrointestinal hormones in patients with colon cancer. Method:140 patients with colon cancer admitted to a hospital from January 2016 to November 2017 were divided into control group and observation group according to the operation method, 70 cases in each group. The control group was treated with open radical resection of colon cancer, while the observation group was treated with laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer. The changes of immune function, stress response, visceral protein and gastrointestinal hormone were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results:There was no significant difference in immune function, stress response, visceral protein and gastrointestinal hormone between the two groups before operation (P>0.05). The ratio of Th1 cells was decreased, while the ratio of Th2, Th17 and Treg cells was increased in the two groups (P<0.05). The proportion of Th1 cells in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,while the ratio of Th2, Th17 and Treg cells in the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The levels of Cor, E and NE were increased in the two groups (P<0.05). And the levels of Cor, E and NE in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of PA, TRF and RBP were decreased in the two groups (P<0.05). And PA, TRF and RBP levels were higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). The GAS, MTL and GIP levels were lower in the two groups (P<0.05). And the GAS, MTL and GIP levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Laparoscopic radical mastectomy has little effect on the immune function of patients. It can alleviate the surgical stress response to a certain extent, which is beneficial to the recovery of gastrointestinal function and can be extended to clinical application.

Effect of laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer on gastrointestinal hormones, visceral protein and pain stress in patients

Objective: To investigate the effects of laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer on gastrointestinal hormones, visceral protein and pain stress. Methods: A total of 96 patients with rectal cancer radical resection from January 2017 to December 2017 in our hospital, were selected as the research objects, the patients were randomly divided into the observation group (48 cases) and the control group (48 cases). The observation group received laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer, while the control group underwent open radical resection of rectal cancer. The levels of gastrin (GAS), motilin (MTL), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), transferrin (TRF), retinol binding protein (RbP), albumin (ALB), prealbumin (PRE), P substance (SP), bradykinin (BK), and prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) were measured and compared in the two groups. Results: Before operation, there was no significant difference in GAS, MTL and VIP between the two groups. 1, 3, and 5 d after operation, the GAS, MTL and VIP of the two groups were significantly lower than those before operation, and the differences were statistically significant. 1, 3, and 5 d after operation, GAS of the observation group were (66.60±5.79) μmol/L, (71.95±6.16) μmol/L and (77.68±6.38) μmol/L respectively, MTL were (225.68±19.83) pg/mL, (253.76±21.42) pg/mL and (289.98±24.74) pg/mL, VIP were (1.99±0.42) μmol/L, (2.43±0.46) μmol/L, (2.80±0.51) μmol/L, respectively, which were higher than that of the control group at the same time, and the difference was statistically significant. Before operation, there was no significant difference in TRF, RbP, ALB and PRE levels in the two groups. 1, 3 and 5 d after operation, the TRF, RbP, ALB and PRE levels in the two groups were significantly lower than those before operation, and the differences were statistically significant. 1, 3 and 5 d after operation, TRF of the observation group were (1.64±0.33) ng/L, (1.44±0.30) ng/L, (1.46 ±0.32) ng/L, RbP were (19.05±3.85) mg/L, (21.83±4.26) mg/L and (24.54±4.45) mg/L respectively, and ALB were (31.49±2.54) ng/L, (28.21±2.05) ng/L and (28.43±1.99) ng/L, PRE were (0.20±0.06) ng/L, (0.16±0.05) ng/L, (0.15±0.05) ng/L, which were all higher than those in the control group at the same time, and the differences were statistically significant. Before operation, there was no significant difference in SP, BK and PGE2 between the two groups. 1, 3 and 5 d after operation, the SP, BK and PGE2 of the two groups were significantly higher than those before operation and the differences were statistically significant. 1, 3 and 5 d after operation, SP of the observation group was (7.31±0.87) μg/mL, (5.43±0.51) μg/mL and (3.10±0.24) μg/mL, BK was (9.53±0.80) μg/L, (7.81±0.79) μg/L and 6.30±0.53) pg/mL, and PGE2 were (152.42±14.80) pg/mL, (131.22±13.35) pg/mL, (117.86±11.95) pg/mL, which were all lower than those in the control group at the same time, and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: Laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer can help patients recover gastrointestinal function faster and cause less pain stress.

Laparoscopic radical resection for situs inversus totalis with colonic splenic flexure carcinoma:A case report

BACKGROUND Situs inversus totalis(SIT)is a rare group of congenital developmental malformations in the clinical setting,with all organs in the chest and abdomen existing in a mirror image reversal of their normal positions.Few reports have described laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer in patients with SIT,and it is considered difficult even for an experienced surgeon because of the mirror positioning.We present a case report of laparoscopic radical resection of a colonic splenic flexure carcinoma in a patient with SIT.CASE SUMMARY A 72-year-old male was referred to our hospital with colonic splenic flexure carcinoma,and computed tomography showed that all the organs in the chest and abdomen were inverted.Laparoscopic hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision was safely performed.The operating surgeon stood on the patient’s left side,which is opposite of the normal location.CONCLUSION Abdominal computed tomography is an effective method for diagnosing SIT preoperatively in patients with colonic splenic flexure carcinomas.Laparoscopic radical resection is difficult,but it is well established and safe.The surgeon should stand in the opposite position and perform backhand operations.

地佐辛静脉麻醉联合罗哌卡因局部浸润麻醉镇痛对腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术患者镇痛效果及围术期免疫和应激反应影响

目的探讨腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术患者使用地佐辛静脉麻醉联合罗哌卡因局部浸润麻醉镇痛效果及对围术期免疫和应激反应影响。方法选取2020年4月—2022年5月择期行腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术患者100例,据麻醉镇痛方式不同均分为观察组和对照组,观察组给予全麻及地佐辛静脉麻醉联合罗哌卡因局部浸润麻醉镇痛,对照组给予全麻及罗哌卡因局部浸润麻醉镇痛。记录2组麻醉诱导前5 min(T0)、术毕(T1)、拔管即刻(T2)、拔管后30 min(T3)、拔管后60 min(T4)时平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)及血清皮质醇(Cor)、丙二醛(MDA)水平;比较术前、术后24 h 2组外周血CD4+、CD8+和CD4+/CD8+水平,术毕12、24、48 h视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分,术前、术后3 d简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)评分,以及2组麻醉恢复期间不良反应。结果T3时,2组MAP、HR高于T0时,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);T1、T2、T3、T4时,2组Cor、MDA均高于T0时,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后24 h,2组CD4+、CD4+/CD8+降低,CD8+升高,且观察组CD4+、CD4+/CD8+较对照组升高,CD8+较对照组降低(P<0.05)。观察组术毕12、24、48 h VAS评分均较对照组降低(P<0.05)。术后3 d,2组MMSE评分均降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组麻醉恢复期间躁动发生率为6.00%(3/50)低于对照组的20.00%(10/50)(P<0.05)。结论全麻及地佐辛静脉联合罗哌卡因局部浸润麻醉镇痛对腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术患者免疫功能影响小,可减轻手术应激,镇痛效果好,且安全性高。

腹腔镜扩大结肠癌根治术与单纯中横结肠癌根治术解剖学及临床意义

目的探索中横结肠癌解剖学及生物学特性的关联,研究术式选择的差异与预后关系,确定最佳手术方式。方法利用解剖学和影像学数据,研究大体标本、三维血管重建图,回顾性分析中横结肠癌患者不同腹腔镜手术方式的临床效果和生存情况。结果(1)解剖并观察大体标本,发现一、二级血管结扎可确保结肠吻合口的血液供应;(2)术前三维血管重建与术中血管探查符合率大于90%;(3)横结肠切除组与扩大结肠切除组相比,术中出血量、手术时间、术后并发症、总生存率无统计学差异,两组淋巴结清扫数目有统计学差异。结论腹腔镜下单纯横结肠切除较扩大结肠癌根治术有降低术后并发症风险趋势,两者预后无统计学差异,横结肠切除是中横结肠癌最佳手术方式。

右美托咪定对老年腹腔镜结肠癌根治术患者免疫保护及血微循环转移影响的临床观察

目的探讨右美托咪定对老年腹腔镜结肠癌根治术患者免疫保护及血微循环转移的影响。方法选取2021年6月至2023年6月在上海市第七人民医院78例行腹腔镜结肠癌根治术患者为研究对象,随机分为2组,其中试验组(n=39)于麻醉诱导前采用右美托咪定复合喷他佐辛,对照组(n=39)采用等速率等量生理盐水以及喷他佐辛。比较两组围麻醉期指标,分别于麻醉诱导前(T_(0))、手术结束即刻(T_(1))、术后30 min(T_(2))、术后6 h(T_(3))比较患者血流动力学指标变化,于麻醉诱导前(T_(0))、术后6 h(T_(3))、24 h(T_(4))、48 h(T_(5))对患者免疫功能及血微循环转移进行评估,并比较两组术后不良反应发生率。结果试验组呛咳评分为(2.02±0.36)分、对照组呛咳评分为(2.61±0.49)分;试验组躁动评分为(1.66±0.21)分、对照组躁动评分为(2.07±0.35)分;差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者T_(0)时刻HR、SpO2及MAP比较差异无统计学意义P>0.05),T_(2)时刻实验组HR显著低于对照组(76.38±7.33 vs.95.64±9.32),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);T_(1)、T_(2)时刻试验组MAP显著低于对照组(73.84±7.94 vs.106.85±10.37,80.37±8.39 vs.102.84±9.38),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。T_(3)~T_(5)时间点,两组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均低于T_(0),试验组各指标均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。T_(0)时刻,两组CK19、CK20阳性率比较无差异(P>0.05);T_(3)~T_(5),试验组CK19、CK20阳性率均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组、试验组不良反应发生率分别为15.4%和10.4%。结论右美托咪定可优化老年腹腔镜结肠癌根治术围麻醉期指标,有效减轻免疫抑制,降低血微循环转移风险,且安全性良好,值得临床进一步应用。

基于MRI的三维重建技术在保留盆腔自主神经的腹腔镜直肠癌D3根治术中的应用价值

目的 评估利用MRI图像三维重建直肠癌患者盆腔自主神经以及周围器官在腹腔镜直肠癌D3根治术中的应用价值。方法 将56例直肠癌患者随机分为重建组和对照组,重建组术前依照MRI三维重建结果制定手术方案,对照组按常规方式制定手术方案,比较2组术中及术后功能恢复相关指标。结果 重建的三维模型能个体化呈现患者盆腔自主神经以及周围器官分布关系。与对照组相比,重建组的手术时间缩短[(143.7±13.3)min vs.(151.5±12.1)min,P=0.040)],失血量减少[(31.3±12.1)mLvs.(39.4±11.6) mL,P=0.024)],国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)更优[(6.0±1.3)分vs.(7.9±2.6)分,P=0.003)]。此外,重建组的术后拔除尿管时间较对照组短[2.0(2.0,2.0)d vs.3.5(3.0,4.0)d,P <0.001]。结论 基于MRI的盆腔自主神经三维重建能准确呈现盆腔自主神经及器官的解剖关系,提高了D3根治术的效率和安全性,可为术者制定精细化、个性化的手术方案提供重要参考。

全腹腔镜下肠吻合与辅助切口肠吻合在右半结肠癌根治术中的临床疗效对比

目的:对比分析全腹腔镜下肠吻合与辅助切口肠吻合在腹腔镜右半结肠癌根治术中的临床疗效。方法:回顾分析2017年1月至2022年10月收治的拟手术治疗的右半结肠癌患者的临床资料,根据消化道重建方式分为观察组(全腹腔镜下肠吻合)与对照组(辅助切口肠吻合)。收集两组患者临床资料(年龄、性别、体质指数)、手术时间、术中出血量、手术切口长度、淋巴结清扫数量、术后疼痛评分、术后首次排气时间与排便时间、术后下床活动时间、切口愈合时间、住院时间及术后并发症发生率。结果:共纳入152例患者,其中观察组74例,对照组78例。与对照组相比,观察组术后疼痛评分低,手术切口、术后首次排气时间、术后首次排便时间、术后下床行走时间、切口愈合时间短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组手术时间、淋巴结清扫数量、术中出血量及术后并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:与腹腔镜辅助切口肠吻合术相比,全腹腔镜肠吻合的临床疗效更佳,值得临床推广。

腹腔镜下右半结肠癌根治术中头侧-中央混合入路的可行性分析

目的分析腹腔镜下右半结肠癌根治术中应用头侧-中央混合入路的可行性。方法选取新乡市第一人民医院于2019年2月至2023年1月择期接受腹腔镜下右半结肠癌根治术的患者180例,按照入路方式分为中央入路组(CW组)及头侧-中央混合入路组(HCMW组),其中CW组85例,HCMW组95例。对比两组术中情况、术后情况、根治术完成质量、并发症发生情况。结果两组中转开腹率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),HCMW组手术时间短于CW组,术时出血量少于CW组,输血率低于CW组(P<0.05)。两组术后情况、根治术质量、手术安全性差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论腹腔镜下右半结肠癌根治术中应用头侧-中央混合入路具有可行性,在保证手术效果的基础上不增加并发症风险,并且能缩短手术时间,减少术时出血量。

人工气胸在全腔镜食管癌根治术肺保护性通气策略中的应用研究

目的分析人工气胸在全腔镜食管癌根治术肺保护性通气策略中的应用效果。方法选取2021年1月-2023年3月在该院行人工气胸全腔镜食管癌根治术治疗的88例患者作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为两组,每组各44例,对照组采用常规通气模式,实验组采用肺保护性通气策略模式,比较不同通气模式的临床效果。结果实验组与对照组在气管插管后10 min(T_(1))、单肺通气1 h(T_(2))、手术完毕时(T_(3))和术后24 h(T_(4))的pH和二氧化碳分压(PCO_(2))比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组患者T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)和T_(4)时点的氧合指数比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组与对照组T_(1)、T_(2)和T_(3)时点的静态肺顺应性(Cs)、平台压(Pplat)和气道峰压(Ppeak)比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组与对照组T1时点的C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平比较,差异均无统计意义(P>0.05),两组患者T_(2)、T_(3)和T_(4)时点上述指标比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组肺部并发症发生率为25.00%,高于实验组的9.09%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论潮气量(VT)6 mL/kg+100.00%吸入氧浓度+呼气末正压5 cmH_(2)O+肺复张的肺保护性通气策略,用于人工气胸全腔镜食管癌根治术中,能够明显降低术中气道压力,减轻炎症反应,提高通气安全性。

舒适护理在腹腔镜宫颈癌根治术护理中的应用

目的舒适护理在腹腔镜宫颈癌根治术护理中的应用分析。方法选取入我院进行腹腔镜宫颈癌根治术医治患者100例为研究对象,选取时段2021年7月至2023年1月,依照护理方式不同将患者分为观察组(n=50)与对照组(n=50),对照组实施常规护理,观察组采取舒适护理,对两组患者术后疼痛评分、引流时长、首次排气用时、下床活动用时、并发症发生率、护理满意度以及生活质量总评分进行比对。结果经比对,观察组患者疼痛评分、引流时长、首次排气用时、下床活动用时、并发症发生率均较对照组低,护理满意度和生活质量总评分均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论通过在腹腔镜宫颈癌根治术护理中应用舒适护理干预,可降低术后痛感和出现并发症概率,具有较高安全性,优化生活质量,提高患者护理满意度。

腹腔镜经肠系膜上动脉优先入路与中间入路右半结肠癌根治术的疗效和安全性比较

目的探讨腹腔镜经肠系膜上动脉优先入路和中间入路治疗右半结肠癌的效果和安全性差异。方法选取丹阳市人民医院于2018年1月—2023年9月收治的60例接受腹腔镜右半结肠癌手术患者为研究对象,按照手术路径分成两组,分别采用中间入路(对照组)和肠系膜上动脉优先入路(研究组),各30例。对比两组术中、术后临床指标、肿瘤标志物水平、炎症因子及并发症发生率。结果研究组术中和术后各指标均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组癌胚抗原、癌抗原-125、恶性肿瘤特异性生长因子、白细胞介素-6、C反应蛋白、白细胞计数水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。术后,研究组并发症总发生率为5.00%低于对照组的26.66%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.320,P<0.05)。结论肠系膜上动脉优先入路腹腔镜右半结肠癌根治术,能改善临床指标、抑制肿瘤标志物,降低炎症因子水平,减少并发症发生情况,增加手术治疗效果。

喉罩全身麻醉联合“圈麻”阻滞用于结肠癌手术的麻醉效果

目的 观察喉罩全身麻醉联合腹部“圈麻”阻滞用于腹腔镜下结肠癌切除手术的麻醉效果。方法 选取2022年1月至2023年3月于厦门市第三医院行腹腔镜下结肠癌切除手术的患者60例,根据随机数字表法将其分为L组(喉罩全身麻醉,30例)和U组(喉罩全身麻醉联合腹部“圈麻”阻滞,30例)。记录并比较两组患者麻醉维持的丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼用量、手术完成时间、意识清醒后视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分和舒芬太尼用量。比较两组患者术后12h的镇痛满意度。结果 两组患者的性别、年龄、体质量、身高、手术时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。U组患者的瑞芬太尼和丙泊酚总用量均显著少于L组(P<0.001);U组患者麻醉恢复室内的VAS评分显著低于L组,舒芬太尼用量显著少于L组(P<0.001)。U组患者的镇痛满意度显著高于L组(χ^(2)=6.772,P=0.031)。结论 与单一喉罩全身麻醉相比,喉罩全身麻醉联合腹部“圈麻”阻滞可减少腹腔镜下结肠癌切除手术中麻醉维持药物和麻醉恢复室内舒芬太尼的用量,改善术后镇痛满意度。

不同浓度七氟醚吸入对腹腔镜胆囊癌根治术患者血流动力学及应激反应指标的影响

目的探讨不同浓度七氟醚吸入对腹腔镜胆囊癌根治术患者血流动力学及应激反应指标的影响。方法根据麻醉过程中吸入七氟醚浓度的不同将60例腹腔镜胆囊癌根治术患者分为低剂量组[n=21,0.5最小肺泡浓度(MAC)]、中剂量组(n=20,1.0MAC)和高剂量组(n=19,1.5MAC)。比较两组患者的血流动力学指标[脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO_(2))、平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)]、应激反应指标[肾上腺素(E)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)]及不良反应发生情况。结果麻醉诱导后、气管插管1 min、气管插管10 min,3组患者SpO_(2)、MAP、HR均低于本组麻醉前,低剂量组和高剂量组患者SpO_(2)、MAP、HR均低于中剂量组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。麻醉诱导后10 min、气腹建立30 min、术毕30 min,3组患者E、NE水平均低于本组麻醉诱导前10 min,低剂量组和高剂量组患者E、NE水平均高于中剂量组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。3组患者的不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论1.0MAC七氟醚吸入可维持腹腔镜胆囊癌根治术患者的血流动力学稳定,减轻应激反应,且具有一定的安全性。

下腔静脉变异度联合SVV指导下的目标导向液体治疗在腹腔镜肠癌根治术麻醉管理中的应用

目的 探讨下腔静脉变异度联合每搏量变异度(SVV)指导下的目标导向液体治疗在腹腔镜肠癌根治术患者麻醉管理中的应用效果。方法 选取2021年7月至2022年6月择期行腹腔镜下肠癌根治术患者60例,按照不同目标导向液体治疗分为常规补液组(对照组)和SVV组(观察组)各30例。比较两组术中液体出入量、不同时间点血流动力学和视神经鞘直径(ONSD)、术前及术后实验室指标水平[C反应蛋白(CRP)、下腔静脉变异度、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、血浆血栓素B2(TXB2)],术前及术后1、3 d认知功能。结果 观察组总入量、胶体量低于对照组(P<0.05),两组晶体量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组部分时间点血流动力学和ONSD差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前和术后1 d实验室指标水平差异有统计学意义,且观察组CRP、FIB水平低于对照组,下腔静脉变异度高于对照组(P<0.05)。术前及术后3 d,两组认知功能差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后1 d观察组认知功能评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 下腔静脉变异度联合SVV指导下的目标导向液体治疗应用于腹腔镜肠癌根治术患者麻醉管理中,能够优化术中液体管理,减少外科应激,维持患者内环境稳定,降低术后短期认知功能损害程度,于患者术后康复有益。

腹腔镜结直肠癌术后吻合口瘘的原因分析与预防策略

目的研究分析腹腔镜结直肠癌手术后发生吻合口瘘的原因,并探讨相应的预防对策。方法选取2018年1月至2022年12月柳州市人民医院胃肠外科接受腹腔镜手术的676例结直肠癌患者作为研究对象,根据患者在手术后是否发生吻合口瘘将其分为研究组(发生吻合口瘘,49例)与对照组(未发生吻合口瘘,627例)。采取回顾性方式分析两组病例的临床资料,采用logistic回归分析方法分析腹腔镜结直肠癌手术后发生吻合口瘘的影响因素。结果单因素分析结果提示,研究组与对照组的性别、年龄、体重指数、糖尿病、术前血清白蛋白、手术时间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果提示,男性(β=0.335,OR=2.561,95%CI:1.489~3.082)、年龄≥60岁(β=0.361,OR=2.457,95%CI:1.193~3.107)、体重指数≥24.9 kg/m^(2)(β=0.329,OR=2.379,95%CI:1.140~3.278)、合并糖尿病(β=0.328,OR=2.369,95%CI:1.207~3.114)、术前血清白蛋白<35 g/L(β=0.357,OR=2.418,95%CI:1.245~3.098)、手术时间≥3.5 h(β=0.348,OR=2.406,95%CI:1.352~3.069)是腹腔镜结直肠癌手术后发生吻合口瘘的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论结直肠癌患者在腹腔镜手术后受到性别、年龄、体质量指数、糖尿病等因素的影响,易发生吻合口瘘。