2018: Year of Africa

With frequent high-level visits and the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC)in September,for China,2018 was the "year of Africa."From July 21 to 28,2018,President Xi Jinping visited Senegal,Rwanda,South Africa and Mauritius,his fourth Africa visit since he was elected president in 2013,which showed the great importance he attaches to Sino-African relations.

民国初年副总统的建制及其论争

1911年公布的《临时政府组织大纲》中并未设立副总统,其后制定《临时约法》时为安置首义元勋黎元洪而设此职务。正式国会告成后,宪法起草委员会仍遵循前议,认为副总统有设置之必要,但副总统接任总统之方法却被草率表决为代理制。此时恰逢二次革命失败,国会中国民党势力大减,“先选后宪”遂成不可避免之事实。在《大总统选举法》急于出台的情况下,国会各党出于自身利益考量,私下协商数次后竟又推翻前议,改代理制为继承制。纵观副总统建制的整个过程,无论是南京临时政府时期抑或北京政府时期,副总统的设置均只是从政治着眼,忽视了宪制框架自身的合理性。