High precise control method for a new type of Piezoelectric electro-hydraulic servo valve

A new type of piezoelectric electro-hydraulic servo valve system was proposed. And then multilayer piezoelectric actuator based on new piezoelectric ceramic material was used as the electricity-machine converter of the proposed piezoelectric electro-hydraulic servo valve. The proposed piezoelectric electro-hydraulic servo valve has ascendant performance compared with conventional ones. But the system is of high nonlinearity and uncertainty, it cannot achieve favorable control performance by conventional control method. To develop an efficient way to control piezoelectric electro-hydraulic servo valve system, a high-precise fuzzy control method with hysteresis nonlinear model in feedforward loop was proposed. The control method is separated into two parts: a feedforward loop with Preisach hysteresis nonlinear model and a feedback loop with high-precise fuzzy control. Experimental results show that the hysteresis loop and the maximum output hysteresis by the PID control method are 4.22% and 2.11 μm, respectively; the hysteresis loop and the maximum output hysteresis by the proposed control method respectively are 0.74% and 0.37 μm, respectively; the maximum tracking error by the PID control method for sine wave reference signal is about 5.02%, the maximum tracking error by the proposed control method for sine wave reference signal is about 0.85%.

Dynamic Modelling and Design of a Servomechanism for Hydraulic Directional-Control Valves

This paper analyses a control strategy applicable in heaVy-duty hydraulic Systems,namely, the introduction of a servovalve to achieve smoother operation of direCtional-control valves that serve also as flow-control valves over two fanges of operating conditions. A mathematical model of the dynamics of the System is etallished and design criteria are obtained from a linearised form of that model. The influence of variations in tile axial force on the spool of the main valve is investigated, and the use of the resultS in the design of systems of the proposed kind is discussed.

Investigation of Semi-Active Hydro-Pneumatic Suspension for a Heavy Vehicle Based on Electro-Hydraulic Proportional Valve

Hydro-pneumatic suspension is widely used in heavy vehicles due to its nonlinear characteristics of stiffness and damping. However, the conventional passive hydro-pneumatic suspension can’t adjust parameters according to the complicated road environment of heavy vehicles to fulfill the requirements of the vehicle ride comfort. In this paper, a semi-active hydro-pneumatic suspension system based on the electro-hydraulic proportional valve control is proposed, and fuzzy control is used as the control strategy to adjust the?damping force of the semi-active hydro-pneumatic suspension. A 1/4?semi-active hydro-pneumatic suspension model is established, which is co-simulated with AMESim and MATLAB/Simulink. The co-simulation results show that the semi-active hydro-pneumatic suspension system can significantly reduce vibration of the vehicle body, and improve the suspension performance comparing with passive hydro-pneumatic suspension.

Research and Development of Electro‑hydraulic Control Valves Oriented to Industry 4.0:A Review

Electro-hydraulic control valves are key hydraulic components for industrial applications and aerospace,which controls electro-hydraulic motion.With the development of automation,digital technology,and communication technology,electro-hydraulic control valves are becoming more digital,integrated,and intelligent in order to meet the requirements of Industry 4.0.This paper reviews the state of the art development for electro-hydraulic control valves and their related technologies.This review paper considers three aspects of state acquisition through sensors or indirect acquisition technologies,control strategies along with digital controllers and novel valves,and online maintenance through data interaction and fault diagnosis.The main features and development trends of electro-hydraulic control valves oriented to Industry 4.0 are discussed.

RESEARCH ON THE PERFORMANCE OF NEW TYPE OF PROPORTIONAL PESSURE AND FLOW CONTROL VALVE

A new closed loop flow controlling principle through correcting the valve'sopening area while load pressure is changing is carried out. Further more a principle using only oneproportional valve to compound control pressure and flow is suggested. By using very simpleproportional throttle valve in structure, the functions that five kinds of proportional valves orany two of them combined possess can be complimented. After analyzing, comparing, and testing thedynamic and static characteristics of valve with different controlling principles and main valvestructure styles, the optimized structure styles and control methods are achieved.

Separate Control of High Frequency Electro-hydraulic Vibration Exciter

The working frequency of the conventional electro-hydraulic vibration exciters,which consist of a servo valve and a hydraulic cylinder,is generally restricted within a narrow range due to limited frequency response capability of the servo valve itself.To counteract such restriction,a novel scheme for an electro-hydraulic vibrator,controlled by a two-dimensional valve（2D valve） and a bias valve in parallel,is therefore proposed.The frequency,amplitude and offset are independently controlled by rotary speed,axial sliding of the spool of the 2D valve and axial sliding of the spool of the bias valve.The principle of separate control was presented and the regulation approach of frequency,amplitude and offset was discussed.A mathematical model of the hydraulic power mechanism for the proposed vibration exciter was established to investigate the relationship between the amplitude and the axial sliding of the 2D valve＇ spool,as well as that between the offset and the axial sliding of the bias valve＇s spool at various frequencies.An experimental system was built to validate the theoretical analysis.It is verified that the 2D exciter is capable of working smoothly in a frequency range of 5- 200 Hz.And its frequency,amplitude and offset can be controlled respectively by either closed loop or open loop method.There is a linear relationship between the output amplitude and the spool axial opening of the 2D valve until a point when the flow rate becomes saturate and the amplitude remains constant.The offset displacement of the cylinder＇s piston is linearly proportional to the axial displacement of the spool of the bias valve,when the valve opening is less than 25%.Thereafter,the slop of the offset curve decreases and tends to saturate.The proposed electro-hydraulic vibration controlled by the 2D valve not only facilitates the realization of high-frequency electro-hydraulic vibration,the high-accuracy of vibration can also be achieved by means of independent controls to the frequency,amplitude and offset.

Study on Valve Management of DEH for Steam Turbine

Valve management is one of the major functions of DEH for steam turbine. It has an important practical significance for the security and economy of the steam turbine. This paper starts from the valve configuration figure of the domestic-type 300 MW steam turbine, and then makes a simple comparison between the two types of valve governing modes. In order to realize the valve control, the structure of control system has been established, in which the roles of the mathematical functions are discussed. On the basis of the experiment of valve flow characteristic, this article carries out a quantitative study on the functions of the valve management and the parameter tuning method. Through a serious corrections, the sequence valve flow characteristic curve is obtained, which can provide significant guidance on the research of valve management of the similar steam turbines.

微小流量旋转直驱伺服阀传控特性分析与优化

针对无人机、战术弹、支线民航等小型飞行器航空发动机燃油计量系统与推力矢量系统微小流量的伺服控制需求,就旋转直驱伺服阀偏心球副传动接口与非全周节流阀口等关键结构进行了尺寸约束设计分析,并就节流阀口宽度、球副偏心距以及驱动电机转动惯量等重要参数进行了优化分析,给出了伺服阀结构设计的优化区间。在此基础上,研究提出了电机转角与电流双闭环控制方法,幅频响应实测结果与理论分析较为一致,200 Hz以上高频响应满足实际需求,且双闭环控制方法大幅降低了伺服阀响应超调并提升了稳定性。

船用三通调节阀流-固耦合噪声数值模拟

针对船用PN10DN32三通调节阀噪声声压频谱、声指向性等声学特性规律不明确,噪声声压级是否满足使用要求的问题,基于流-固耦合理论,同时考虑流-固耦合面及流体域内的脉动声学激励源,开展阀门噪声数值模拟研究。分别对三通调节阀在80%及60%开度阀外1 m处的噪声进行数值模拟,分析研究噪声声压频谱特性及声指向性规律。结果表明:80%及60%开度下的噪声声压级分别为49.14 dB(A)、50.79 dB(A),均小于60 dB(A)的噪声限制,满足使用要求。该文为船用三通调节阀噪声数值模拟提供了理论及方法参考。

A differential control method for the proportional directional valve

For the proportional directional valve controlled by two proportional solenoids, the normal control method(NCM) energizes only one solenoid at a time. The performance of the valve is greatly influenced by the nonlinearity of the proportional solenoid, such as dead zone and low force gain with a small current, and this effect cannot be eliminated by a simple dead-zone current compensation. To avoid this disadvantage, we propose the differential control method(DCM). By employing DCM, the controller outputs differential signals to simultaneously energize both solenoids of the proportional valve, and the operating point is found by analyzing the force output of the two solenoids to make a minimum variation of the current force gain. The comparisons of the valve response characteristics are made between NCM and DCM by nonlinear dynamic simulation and experiments. Simulation and experimental results show that by using DCM, the frequency response of the valve is greatly enhanced, especially when the input is small, which means that the dynamic characteristics of the proportional valve are improved.

高压阀口液动力补偿控制策略仿真分析

直动式比例伺服阀是一种新型的单级伺服阀,采用比例电磁铁或线性力马达直接驱动滑阀运动,具有成本低、频响高、抗污染能力强等优点,广泛应用于注塑机进给控制、轧机板厚控制系统等高速高精度液压控制系统中。传统的直动式比例伺服阀采用PID控制策略实现阀芯的精确位置控制,在高压大流量工况下(供油压力达到20 MPa、流量大于100 L/min),阀芯受到液动力扰动变得更加剧烈,易出现响应速度慢、阀芯抖动的现象,影响了比例伺服阀的控制精度。为了解决大液动力扰动的问题,提出了一种基于指数收敛干扰观测器的滑模控制器。通过建立阀芯动力学模型来设计滑模控制器,保证阀芯位置的高动态跟踪性能;使用基于指数收敛的干扰观测器,估计阀芯动力学模型中液动力的不确定性扰动,解决高压大流量工况下的阀芯液动力扰动补偿问题。搭建了比例伺服阀系统的联合仿真模型进行仿真验证,结果表明,提出的控制器可以解决高压大流量工况下阀芯液动力扰动对阀芯位置控制的干扰问题。

船用合流型三通调节阀声流固耦合声学特性研究

针对合流型三通调节阀噪声声压频谱、声指向性等声学特性规律不明确的问题,基于声流固耦合理论,以PN50 DN250三通调节阀为研究对象开展声学特性研究。基于k-ε模型分析阀门定常流动,在定常流动收敛的基础上开展LES非定常流动分析,并导出流固耦合面及流体域内的时域脉动信息作为噪声激励源,开展三通调节阀不同工况下的声学特性研究。搭建三通调节阀流噪声试验台,试验工况下数值模拟噪声与实测噪声声压仅相差1.85 dB(A),验证声流固耦合数值模拟方法的准确性。分别数值模拟阀门实际工况下80%及60%开度下的噪声声学特性,总结出阀门噪声声压级分别为51.18和54.13 dB(A),验证三通调节阀噪声满足使用要求,提出的声流固耦合数值模拟方法可为合流型三通调节阀声学特性分析提供一定参考。

基于复合PWM的高速开关阀先导控制电液换向阀特性试验研究

针对传统液压支架换向阀存在流量控制不精准、压力冲击大等问题,提出一种高速开关阀先导式电液换向阀控制液压缸方案,搭建试验平台对方案中阀的特性进行了研究,对比了高速开关阀和常规电磁开关阀做先导级时电液换向阀的响应速度,由于高速开关阀滞后时间短,控制腔压力上升较快,故高速开关阀先导时电液换向阀响应速度快;提出脉宽调制(PWM)和脉频调制(PFM)的方法,控制电液换向阀主阀芯位移方法。结果表明,主阀芯稳态位移经历4个阶段且在一定占空比范围内可以呈现比例开启效果;在供液压力10 MPa下实现高速开关阀对主阀芯位移在全行程内的调节,复合PWM信号控制区间占空比为30%~65%,常规PWM信号控制区间占空比为35%~50%,复合PWM信号相较于常规PWM信号有着更宽的调节区间,更适合换向阀芯位移比例控制。研究结果可为液压支架控制阀的设计开发提供参考。

某型全自动变截面板簧轧机液压系统故障分析与排除

对某型汽车板簧轧机液压系统原理及工作全过程进行了分析,对机器生产现场出现的两类故障现象进行阐示:①压下缸推动上轧滚压下钢板时,压力不够。观看压下缸压力表此时只有7MPa,钢板压制的尺寸不到位,导致报废;②设备刚启动后,控制压力油路表3压力较低,把控制油的回油管(L管路)堵塞,压力就升上来,影响压下缸正常工作进行阐示,对这两种故障原因进行分析,并分别给出解决方案,现场排除了故障。

电液控换向阀流场仿真与响应面预测

大流量电液控换向阀是支架液压系统的关键控制元件之一,仿真手段对于换向阀的流动特性分析具有重要意义,然而流体仿真存在计算复杂度高、仿真时间较长的问题,对于要求实时高效流动特性分析的场合并不适用。因此,针对大流量电液控换向阀在不同阀口开度、不同入口压力、不同流量下的流场分布情况进行了仿真分析,发现换向阀入口压力随阀口关闭值呈指数上升趋势,随流量增加呈上升趋势,与出口压力值接近正比关系,并且阀口关闭位移越大换向阀入口附近涡流越剧烈。在换向阀流场仿真的基础上采用均匀抽样方法进行试验设计,提出并建立了基于多维勒让德正交多项式的响应面模型,采用均方根误差、决定系数和经过调整的决定系数,验证了响应面模型替代Fluent仿真模型进行流场分析的准确性和快速性,通过前期少量的流场仿真数据建立响应面模型,实现了大流量电液控换向阀流动特性的实时高效预测。

两通压力补偿器测试方法的研究

介绍一种ZDC两通压力补偿器的结构及工作原理,以及两通压力补偿器串联在比例换向阀进油口的流量输出稳定性原理。根据原理分析两通压力补偿器的常见故障,包括:主阀芯无动作、弹簧端面磨损或者断裂、梭阀阀芯卡阻。设计了一种两通压力补偿器的测试方法,能够测试流量与控制信号、压力与控制信号特性曲线。该方法能够快速、准确地诊断两通压力补偿器的常见故障部位,为设备疑难故障分析和两通压力补偿器的修复提供技术参考。

一种合成试验回路试品阀控制脉冲改造方法

控制脉冲是判断换流阀换相阶段,实现新型换流阀主动关断控制策略的重要参考信号。本文首先分析实际工程中与合成试验回路阀控系统中控制脉冲的时序差异,提出使新型换流阀关断控制策略适用于合成试验回路的控制脉冲改造需求,并基于有限状态机设计一种合成试验回路控制脉冲改造方法。然后,分析该方案下合成试验回路控制脉冲的稳态运行时序控制、异常时序恢复及特殊工况时序控制。最后,对合成试验回路进行改造并测试。测试结果表明,该方案满足预期改造要求。

自动机械手气动系统的改进设计

专用机械设备上的自动机械手因气路系统连接复杂,设备出现故障后排除故障困难,维护、保养费用高。在考虑成本的基础上改进设计了气动系统,同时详细设计了控制系统电路,提出气路系统及两套继电器电路控制系统的设计图并详细描述其工作原理。将改进设计后的气动及电控系统在FluidSIM4.2软件中建模并仿真,导出各缸的位移、速度-时间特性曲线并分析位移、速度与时间的特性关系。最后原系统作优缺点对比。结果表明:改进设计后的气动系统气路简单,还避免了设备故障后诊断困难的弊端,实现搬运速度的有效控制,拓展了设备的灵活性、机动性和适用范围。

谷物联合收获机底盘自动升降液压系统设计与试验

针对小型谷物联合收获机在丘陵区作业倾斜角度大、通过性差等问题,开展谷物联合收获机底盘自动升降液压系统设计与试验。本研究设计了底盘自动升降液压系统总体结构,对内置位移传感器液压缸、比例换向阀等关键部件进行设计和选型,提出了基于横向倾斜角度伸缩液压缸进行调平和升降的方法,采用自动调平控制和手动调平两种调平模式对底盘进行调平。应用AMEsim开展液压系统的仿真分析,发现换向时液压缸压力与流量稳定,位移速度平稳。设计了以PLC控制器和PID控制方法为核心的调平控制策略,通过调节液压缸长度实现对底盘的姿态调节,并开展静态调平试验。结果表明:比例换向阀开度范围为20%~45%时,能有效控制液压缸伸缩速度;调节时间随倾斜角度增加而增加,在倾斜角度7.7°范围内的总体调节误差低于0.5°,可满足谷物联合收获机对底盘横向调平的需求。该研究提出了依据横向偏角实现调平的液压系统和控制方法,为小型谷物联合收获机底盘调平液压系统设计提供参考。

Proportional directional valve based automatic steering system for tractors

Most automatic steering systems for large tractors are designed with hydraulic systems that run on either constant flow or constant pressure. Such designs are limited in adaptability and applicability. Moreover, their control valves can unload in the neutral position and eventually lead to serious hydraulic leakage over long operation periods. In response to the problems noted above, a multifunctional automatic hydraulic steering circuit is presented. The system design is composed of a 5-way-3-position proportional directional valve, two pilot-controlled check valves, a pressure-compensated directional valve, a pressurecompensated flow regulator valve, a load shuttle valve, and a check valve, among other components. It is adaptable to most open-center systems with constant flow supply and closed-center systems with load feedback. The design maintains the lowest pressure under load feedback and stays at the neutral position during unloading, thus meeting the requirements for steering. The steering controller is based on proportional-integral-derivative(PID) running on a 51-microcontroller-unit master control chip. An experimental platform is developed to establish the basic characteristics of the system subject to stepwise inputs and sinusoidal tracking. Test results show that the system design demonstrates excellent control accuracy, fast response, and negligible leak during long operation periods.