As big data,Artificial Intelligence,and Vehicle-to-Everything(V2X)communication have advanced,Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS)are being developed to enable efficient and safe transportation systems.Electronic T...As big data,Artificial Intelligence,and Vehicle-to-Everything(V2X)communication have advanced,Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS)are being developed to enable efficient and safe transportation systems.Electronic Toll Collection(ETC),which is one of the services included in ITS systems,is an automated system that allows vehicles to pass through toll plazas without stopping for manual payment.The ETC system is widely deployed on highways due to its contribution to stabilizing the overall traffic system flow.To ensure secure and efficient toll payments,designing a distributed model for sharing toll payment information among untrusted toll service providers is necessary.However,the current ETC system operates under a centralized model.Additionally,both toll service providers and toll plazas know the toll usage history of vehicles.It raises concerns about revealing the entire driving routes and patterns of vehicles.To address these issues,blockchain technology,suitable for secure data management and data sharing in distributed systems,is being applied to the ETC system.Blockchain enables efficient and transparent management of ETC information.Nevertheless,the public nature of blockchain poses a challenge where users’usage records are exposed to all participants.To tackle this,we propose a blockchain-based toll ticket model named AnonymousTollPass that considers the privacy of vehicles.The proposed model utilizes traceable ring signatures to provide unlinkability between tickets used by a vehicle and prevent the identity of the vehicle using the ticket from being identified among the ring members for the ticket.Furthermore,malicious vehicles’identities can be traced when they attempt to reuse tickets.By conducting simulations,we show the effectiveness of the proposed model and demonstrate that gas fees required for executing the proposed smart contracts are only 10%(when the ring size is 50)of the fees required in previous studies.展开更多
Take after the advantages of lithium-ion battery (LIB) and redox flow battery (RFB), semi-solid flow battery (SSFB) is a promising electrochemical energy storage device in renewable energy utilization. The flowable sl...Take after the advantages of lithium-ion battery (LIB) and redox flow battery (RFB), semi-solid flow battery (SSFB) is a promising electrochemical energy storage device in renewable energy utilization. The flowable slurry electrode realizes decouple of energy and power density, while it also brings about new challenge to SSFBs, electron transport between active material and the out circuit. In this consideration, three types of current collectors (CCs) are applied to study the resistance and electrochemical performances of slurry cathodes within pouch cells for the first time. It proves that the electronic resistance (Re) between slurry electrode and the CC plays a decisive role in SSFB operation, and it is so large when Al foil is adopted that the cell cannot even work. Contact angle between Ketjen black (KB) slurry without active material (AM) and the CC is a preliminarily sign for the Re, the smaller the angle, the lower the resistance, and the better electrochemical performance of the cell.展开更多
The rate and cycling performances of the electrode materials are affected by many factors in a practical complicated electrode process. Learning about the limiting step in a practical electrochemical reaction is very ...The rate and cycling performances of the electrode materials are affected by many factors in a practical complicated electrode process. Learning about the limiting step in a practical electrochemical reaction is very important to effectively improve the electrochemical performances of the electrode materials. Li4Ti5O12, as a zero-strain material, has been considered as a promising anode material for long life Li-ion batteries. In this study, our results show that the Li4Ti5O12 pasted on Cu or graphite felt current collector exhibits unexpectedly higher rate performance than on A1 current collector. For Li4Ti5O12, the electron transfer between current collector and active material is the critical factor that affects its rate and cycling performances.展开更多
As many kinds of shops boostedin China in 1995,domestic andoverseas manufacturers anddistributors of all kinds of moneycollectors witnessed a good marketin China.In 1995,the sales volumeof money collectors was 30,000,...As many kinds of shops boostedin China in 1995,domestic andoverseas manufacturers anddistributors of all kinds of moneycollectors witnessed a good marketin China.In 1995,the sales volumeof money collectors was 30,000,anannual growth rate of 30 percent.The money collectors that canmanage money and key commoditymanagement account for two fifthsof total sales volume,the moneycollectors that can manage moneyand single commodity managementwith multifunctions andtelecommunication capacity of ECRPOS and the POS of PC-BASErespectively,for one third.展开更多
In order to investigate the role of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） in cerebrocardiac syndrome （CCS）, the partial cerebral ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） models in mice with different TLR4 genotypes were established in ...In order to investigate the role of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） in cerebrocardiac syndrome （CCS）, the partial cerebral ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） models in mice with different TLR4 genotypes were established in the present study. TLR4 wild-type （C3H/HeN） and mutant （C3H/HeJ） mice of 6-8 weeks of age were divided into 4 groups at random： C3H/HeN sham group （n=10）, C3H/HeJ sham group （n=10）, C3H/HeN model group （n=10） and C3H/HeJ model group （n=10）. Partial cerebral I/R was caused by the middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） to duplicate CCS models in mice. After the operation, the electrocardiogram （ECG）, the level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-c0 in myocardial tissue and the cardiac pathological changes were observed in each group. It was shown that the brain infarct volume in C3H/HeN model group was larger than that in C3H/HeJ model group （P〈0.01）. The ST segment change and T wave inversion occurred frequently in model groups. Moreover, the TNF-ct level in C3H/HeN model group was higher than that in C3H/HeJ model group （P〈0.01）. The myocar- dial injury was aggravated in C3H/HeN group as compared with C3H/HeJ group. It was concluded that TLR4 was implicated in the development of CCS.展开更多
In this report, an introduction to the structure of Shanghai EBIT, a brief description of the status ofShanghai EBIT project, and a short discussion of the first results of Shanghai EBIT are presented.
为提升电子不停车收费(Electronic Toll Collection,ETC)系统的稳定性,实现网络冗余容错,文章引入第四代移动通信技术(The 4th Generation Mobile Communication Technology,4G)路由器搭建虚拟专用网络(Virtual Private Network,VPN)作...为提升电子不停车收费(Electronic Toll Collection,ETC)系统的稳定性,实现网络冗余容错,文章引入第四代移动通信技术(The 4th Generation Mobile Communication Technology,4G)路由器搭建虚拟专用网络(Virtual Private Network,VPN)作为备份链路,将原有收费专网作为主链路,设计一种基于主备双链路的ETC门架系统。测试结果表明,系统的各项指标均满足设计需求。展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.2021R1A2C1095591).
文摘As big data,Artificial Intelligence,and Vehicle-to-Everything(V2X)communication have advanced,Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS)are being developed to enable efficient and safe transportation systems.Electronic Toll Collection(ETC),which is one of the services included in ITS systems,is an automated system that allows vehicles to pass through toll plazas without stopping for manual payment.The ETC system is widely deployed on highways due to its contribution to stabilizing the overall traffic system flow.To ensure secure and efficient toll payments,designing a distributed model for sharing toll payment information among untrusted toll service providers is necessary.However,the current ETC system operates under a centralized model.Additionally,both toll service providers and toll plazas know the toll usage history of vehicles.It raises concerns about revealing the entire driving routes and patterns of vehicles.To address these issues,blockchain technology,suitable for secure data management and data sharing in distributed systems,is being applied to the ETC system.Blockchain enables efficient and transparent management of ETC information.Nevertheless,the public nature of blockchain poses a challenge where users’usage records are exposed to all participants.To tackle this,we propose a blockchain-based toll ticket model named AnonymousTollPass that considers the privacy of vehicles.The proposed model utilizes traceable ring signatures to provide unlinkability between tickets used by a vehicle and prevent the identity of the vehicle using the ticket from being identified among the ring members for the ticket.Furthermore,malicious vehicles’identities can be traced when they attempt to reuse tickets.By conducting simulations,we show the effectiveness of the proposed model and demonstrate that gas fees required for executing the proposed smart contracts are only 10%(when the ring size is 50)of the fees required in previous studies.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFA0705603)the Heibei Natural Science Foundation of China,China,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22078341)+1 种基金the Hebei Natural Science Foundation(No.B2020103028)Sincerely appreciate Prof.Suojiang Zhang(IPE,CAS)for his careful academic guidance and great support.
文摘Take after the advantages of lithium-ion battery (LIB) and redox flow battery (RFB), semi-solid flow battery (SSFB) is a promising electrochemical energy storage device in renewable energy utilization. The flowable slurry electrode realizes decouple of energy and power density, while it also brings about new challenge to SSFBs, electron transport between active material and the out circuit. In this consideration, three types of current collectors (CCs) are applied to study the resistance and electrochemical performances of slurry cathodes within pouch cells for the first time. It proves that the electronic resistance (Re) between slurry electrode and the CC plays a decisive role in SSFB operation, and it is so large when Al foil is adopted that the cell cannot even work. Contact angle between Ketjen black (KB) slurry without active material (AM) and the CC is a preliminarily sign for the Re, the smaller the angle, the lower the resistance, and the better electrochemical performance of the cell.
基金supported by the "Hundred Talent Project" of the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2009AA033101)+3 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant Nos.2007CB936500 and 2010CB833102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.50972164)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2010A090602001)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.KJCX2-YW-W26)
文摘The rate and cycling performances of the electrode materials are affected by many factors in a practical complicated electrode process. Learning about the limiting step in a practical electrochemical reaction is very important to effectively improve the electrochemical performances of the electrode materials. Li4Ti5O12, as a zero-strain material, has been considered as a promising anode material for long life Li-ion batteries. In this study, our results show that the Li4Ti5O12 pasted on Cu or graphite felt current collector exhibits unexpectedly higher rate performance than on A1 current collector. For Li4Ti5O12, the electron transfer between current collector and active material is the critical factor that affects its rate and cycling performances.
文摘As many kinds of shops boostedin China in 1995,domestic andoverseas manufacturers anddistributors of all kinds of moneycollectors witnessed a good marketin China.In 1995,the sales volumeof money collectors was 30,000,anannual growth rate of 30 percent.The money collectors that canmanage money and key commoditymanagement account for two fifthsof total sales volume,the moneycollectors that can manage moneyand single commodity managementwith multifunctions andtelecommunication capacity of ECRPOS and the POS of PC-BASErespectively,for one third.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.81201444,No.81101401)
文摘In order to investigate the role of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） in cerebrocardiac syndrome （CCS）, the partial cerebral ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） models in mice with different TLR4 genotypes were established in the present study. TLR4 wild-type （C3H/HeN） and mutant （C3H/HeJ） mice of 6-8 weeks of age were divided into 4 groups at random： C3H/HeN sham group （n=10）, C3H/HeJ sham group （n=10）, C3H/HeN model group （n=10） and C3H/HeJ model group （n=10）. Partial cerebral I/R was caused by the middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） to duplicate CCS models in mice. After the operation, the electrocardiogram （ECG）, the level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-c0 in myocardial tissue and the cardiac pathological changes were observed in each group. It was shown that the brain infarct volume in C3H/HeN model group was larger than that in C3H/HeJ model group （P〈0.01）. The ST segment change and T wave inversion occurred frequently in model groups. Moreover, the TNF-ct level in C3H/HeN model group was higher than that in C3H/HeJ model group （P〈0.01）. The myocar- dial injury was aggravated in C3H/HeN group as compared with C3H/HeJ group. It was concluded that TLR4 was implicated in the development of CCS.
文摘In this report, an introduction to the structure of Shanghai EBIT, a brief description of the status ofShanghai EBIT project, and a short discussion of the first results of Shanghai EBIT are presented.
文摘为提升电子不停车收费(Electronic Toll Collection,ETC)系统的稳定性,实现网络冗余容错,文章引入第四代移动通信技术(The 4th Generation Mobile Communication Technology,4G)路由器搭建虚拟专用网络(Virtual Private Network,VPN)作为备份链路,将原有收费专网作为主链路,设计一种基于主备双链路的ETC门架系统。测试结果表明,系统的各项指标均满足设计需求。
