Constructing Large Scale Cohort for Clinical Study on Heart Failure with Electronic Health Record in Regional Healthcare Platform:Challenges and Strategies in Data Reuse

Regional healthcare platforms collect clinical data from hospitals in specific areas for the purpose of healthcare management.It is a common requirement to reuse the data for clinical research.However,we have to face challenges like the inconsistence of terminology in electronic health records (EHR) and the complexities in data quality and data formats in regional healthcare platform.In this paper,we propose methodology and process on constructing large scale cohorts which forms the basis of causality and comparative effectiveness relationship in epidemiology.We firstly constructed a Chinese terminology knowledge graph to deal with the diversity of vocabularies on regional platform.Secondly,we built special disease case repositories (i.e.,heart failure repository) that utilize the graph to search the related patients and to normalize the data.Based on the requirements of the clinical research which aimed to explore the effectiveness of taking statin on 180-days readmission in patients with heart failure,we built a large-scale retrospective cohort with 29647 cases of heart failure patients from the heart failure repository.After the propensity score matching,the study group (n=6346) and the control group (n=6346) with parallel clinical characteristics were acquired.Logistic regression analysis showed that taking statins had a negative correlation with 180-days readmission in heart failure patients.This paper presents the workflow and application example of big data mining based on regional EHR data.

Electronic Cigarette Use Scale: Development and evaluation of a measure among Chinese students

Objective:To develop the Electronic Cigarette Use Scale(ECUS)based on social cognitive theory and test its reliability and validity,so as to provide a scientific tool for evaluating the use of e-cigarette smokers in China.Methods:Based on the review of social cognitive theory and literature analysis,the item pool of ECUS was constructed to form the initial version.From January to March in 2022,using the convenient sampling method,electronic questionnaires were distributed to college students in Guangdong Province through the questionnaire star platform,and a total of 1047 valid questionnaires were collected for item screening.The total sample was randomly divided into sample 1(n=517)and sample 2(n=530)for Exploratory Factor Analysis(EFA)and Confirmatory Factor Analysis(CFA)respectively to further test the reliability and validity of the scale and finally form a 24-item scale.Results:The formal ECUS included 24 items,6 factors were extracted by EFA,and the cumulative explanatory variance was 72.774%.CFA showed that the goodness-of-fit indices were acceptable:χ^(2)/df=2.61,CFI=0.938,TLI=0.928,RMSEA=0.055,90%CI(0.050,0.061),SRMR=0.046,AIC=34694.405,BIC=35036.235.The Cronbach’saof the 24-item scale was 0.898,and the Cronbach’saof each dimension was between 0.839 and 0.954.Both convergent validity and discriminant validity reached the standard.Conclusion:The 24-item ECUS developed in this study has been tested with good reliability and validity and is suitable for evaluating the use of e-cigarette smokers in China.

Relativistic Multichannel Theory:Scaling Behavior of Multichannel Quantum Defect Theory Parameters(μ_(α),U_(iα)) Along the Ne-Like Iso-electronic Sequence

The compact physical parameters(μ_(α),U_(iα))in multichannel quantum defect theory(MQDT)can be directly calculated with relativistic multichannel theory(RMCT).Here we report a systematic study of the MQDT parameters(fiay Uia)with RMCT along the Ne-like iso-electronic sequence(including Ca^(10+),Fe^(16+),Ge^(22+),Ag^(37+) ions).We find that the physical parameters(μ_(α),U_(iα))show a very interesting scaling behavior along the iso-electronic sequence.

Recent advances on thermal analysis of stretchable electronics

Stretchable electronics, which offers the performance of conventional wafer-based devices and mechan- ical properties of a rubber band, enables many novel applications that are not possible through conven- tional electronics due to its brittle nature. One effective strategy to realize stretchable electronics is to design the inorganic semiconductor material in a stretchable format on a compliant elastomeric substrate. Engineering thermal management is essential for the development of stretchable electronics to avoid adverse thermal effects on its performance as well as in applications involving human body and biological tissues where even 1-2℃ temperature increase is not allowed. This article reviews the recent advances in thermal management of stretchable inorganic electronics with focuses on the thermal models and their comparisons to experiments and finite element simulations.

Visualization of atomic scale reaction dynamics of supported nanocatalysts during oxidation and ammonia synthesis using in-situ environmental(scanning) transmission electron microscopy

Reaction dynamics in gases at operating temperatures at the atomic level are the basis of heterogeneous gas-solid catalyst reactions and are crucial to the catalyst function.Supported noble metal nanocatalysts such as platinum are of interest in fuel cells and as diesel oxidation catalysts for pollution control,and practical ruthenium nanocatalysts are explored for ammonia synthesis.Graphite and graphitic carbons are of interest as supports for the nanocatalysts.Despite considerable literature on the catalytic processes on graphite and graphitic supports,reaction dynamics of the nanocatalysts on the supports in different reactive gas environments and operating temperatures at the single atom level are not well understood.Here we present real time in-situ observations and analyses of reaction dynamics of Pt in oxidation,and practical Ru nanocatalysts in ammonia synthesis,on graphite and related supports under controlled reaction environments using a novel in-situ environmental(scanning) transmission electron microscope with single atom resolution.By recording snapshots of the reaction dynamics,the behaviour of the catalysts is imaged.The images reveal single metal atoms,clusters of a few atoms on the graphitic supports and the support function.These all play key roles in the mobility,sintering and growth of the catalysts.The experimental findings provide new structural insights into atomic scale reaction dynamics,morphology and stability of the nanocatalysts.

基于COSMIC掩星观测的顶部电离层标高特征分析

顶部电离层是指F2层电子密度最大值所在高度以上的电离层区域。掩星观测能够提供地面到低轨卫星轨道高度处的整个电离层电子密度剖面,对于顶部电离层的研究具有重要作用。标高是构建顶部以上电离层电子密度剖面模型的重要参数。本文使用2007—2020年的气象、电离层和气候星座观测系统(Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere and Climate,COSMIC)掩星观测数据,提取有效电子密度剖面数据的顶部标高,分析了其随地方时、季节、经纬度和太阳活动水平的变化特性。结果表明:顶部标高具有明显的日变化和季节变化规律,并且表现出强烈的太阳活动依赖性;顶部标高在纬度上的变化强烈依赖于地方时,同时在东西经向上表现出明显的波状结构,且这种经度波状结构在南北半球具有不同的形态;顶部标高在夏季半球具有显著的东西经向差异,南半球夏季更为明显。

多种水等效材料的医用电子束修正因子研究

针对水等效材料在医用电子束剂量测量中修正因子的测量和使用问题,通过扫描医用电子束在水中和水等效材料中的百分深度剂量(percentage depth dose,PDD)曲线,计算获得深度缩放因子c_(pl)、注量缩放因子h_(pl)及总修正因子k_(pl)的实验值。结果表明,通过c_(pl)和h_(pl)组合或仅使用k_(pl)均可将水等效材料测量结果转换为水吸收剂量。比较PDD曲线表明,在10~20 MeV电子能量下3种水等效材料通过c_(pl)-h_(pl)修正后的R_(50),较水中测量最大偏差分别为0.19%、0.28%、0.22%;经k_(pl)修正得到的R_(50),较水中测量最大偏差分别为0.23%、0.29%、0.18%。结论:研究提供了多种材料c_(pl)-h_(pl)、k_(pl)的实验值,可方便用户快速完成电子束水吸收剂量的测量,相比于c_(pl)-h_(pl),使用k_(pl)更加简单高效。

小尺寸金属纳米线力学行为的原位电镜研究进展

金属纳米线在信息采集、存储以及超灵敏传感器等方面被广泛应用。在实际应用中,金属纳米线常处于应力状态下,对关键器件的性能稳定性有直接影响。原位研究金属纳米线在应力作用下的塑性变形原子机制是确保重要元器件在复杂环境下依旧保持稳定的物理性能输出的实验依据。本文介绍了纳米力学原位实验技术的研究进展和纳米材料力学性能曲线的测量策略;在此基础上,从材料的尺寸效应出发,总结了不同直径尺寸金属纳米线的位错、孪晶、表面原子扩散等变形机制与纳米线力学性能之间的相关性;展望了小尺寸金属纳米线原位纳米力学技术和原位实验研究的发展方向。

计及多重差异的交直流混合多能微网多时间尺度优化调度

近年来,可再生能源发电、热电联产、储能和电力电子变压器(PET)等技术发展迅速,有利于构建多能互补、清洁高效的交直流混合多能微网(MEMG),但不成熟的PET模型和复杂的不确定性为系统的优化调度带来了挑战。为此,首先构建了一种基于三级式PET的交直流混合MEMG结构,建立了包括PET在内的设备模型和不确定性模型;其次,提出了计及多重差异的MEMG多时间尺度优化调度策略,明确了日前-日内-实时三时间尺度调度的协调机制,其中,多重差异包含需求响应资源、系统调度目标和源荷预测精度在时间尺度上的差异,以及不同能量的响应特性差异;再次,建立了对应的多时间尺度优化调度模型,包括日前鲁棒机会约束优化模型、日内随机优化模型和实时分层滚动修正模型,并在日前调度中,改进了传统储能和电热耦合设备的备用模型,设计了基于PET的交直流系统备用共享机制,将调度模型转换为混合整数线性规划模型,给出了利用CPLEX求解器求解多时间尺度调度模型的步骤;最后,通过算例分析表明,所提调度策略可以通过逐级修正调度计划应对不确定性,且所设计备用方案兼具可靠性和灵活性。

基于人工智能技术的铁路电子公文数据智能化分析及关联方法研究

利用大数据、人工智能、超大规模预训练模型等技术,研究铁路行业复杂场景下电子公文数据智能化分析及关联方法。介绍电子公文智能化提升总体架构、关键技术,为铁路电子公文数据智能化分析的远期场景提供方法性探索,从而充分挖掘铁路电子公文资源价值,提升公文办理质量和效率。

国际直接投资与高新技术企业自主创新关系的实证分析

为充分发挥国际直接投资对高新技术企业自主创新的促进作用,本文以2010~2022年的电子及通信设备制造业面板数据为基础,就国际直接投资与高新技术企业自主创新的关系进行实证研究。通过选取自变量、因变量、控制变量、门限变量,进行描述性统计、回归分析、稳健性检验和内生性检验,分析因变量和自变量之间的关系。结果表明:电子及通信设备制造业自主创新存在明显差异,其中,技术投入资金反向抑制其自主创新,而国际直接投资、研发人力资本、研发人员报酬、企业规模、国家研发补贴、市场经营状况、对外开放水平正向促进其自主创新;电子及通信设备制造业与技术投入资金之间存在一对协整关系,与国际直接投资、研发人力资本、企业规模、研发人员报酬、国家研发补贴、市场经营状况、对外开放水平均存在两对协整关系,且均在1%显著性水平下显著相关;国际直接投资可正向促进电子及通信设备制造业自主创新,并随着研发人力资本门限值的增大,促进作用表现为先下降后上升的特点;将研发人力资本的门限值设定为小于11.364,可更好发挥国际直接投资对电子及通信设备制造业的自主创新促进作用。基于实证结果得出,要进一步发挥国际直接投资对高新技术企业自主创新的促进作用,需要从改善投资环境、引进研发人员、加大投入资金、营造自主创新氛围、加强行业对外开放、开展良性行业竞争等对策入手。

电子汽车衡安装调试的常见问题分析及质量控制措施

电子汽车衡作为一种国际上重要的计量工具,可实现对大宗物品称重计量,并用于贸易结算功能。在电子汽车衡生产加工中,安装调试过程会对电子汽车衡功能产生直接影响,并最终决定称重结果的可靠性。基于电子汽车衡存在问题,本文以电子汽车衡安装调试为研究重点,深入分析并揭示电子汽车衡中常见的一些问题。在此基础上,进一步提出了对应的质量控制措施。

通过固定门型钩准确测量液体表面张力系数

通常采用门型钩拉液膜法测量液体表面张力系数。这类测量方法要求门型钩严格对称,否则会导致液膜提前破裂,无法准确测量液体表面张力系数。另外,这类测量方法容易受外界干扰,引起液膜提前破裂,导致无法准确测量液体表面张力系数。提出了一种固定门型钩测量液体表面张力系数的方法。这种测量方法基于杠杆原理,利用电子秤测量表面张力,天平横梁作为杠杆,门型钩通过金属棒固定在天平横梁上。实验研究显示:这种测量方法不要求门型钩对称,不易受外界干扰,可以准确测量液体表面张力系数。这种测量方法采用转换法,通过测量质量变化测量表面张力。此外,通过改变杠杆两臂长度的比值可实现放大测量。

中国光子大科学装置的发展

光子大科学装置主要分为同步辐射光源和自由电子激光装置两大类,可以产生光子能量范围从红外到硬X射线的高通量、高亮度、光子能量连续可调的光,在过去半个多世纪里已经发展成为服务于物理学、化学、材料科学、生命科学、能源、环境科学等众多学科的综合性科研中心。光子大科学装置在我国经过了40多年的发展,已经建立起较完整的体系,达到世界先进水平。文章通过对已有的和建设中的装置的描述分别介绍同步辐射光源和自由电子激光在国内的发展历程和现状,并对未来发展趋势进行展望。

鳞片铜粉对装备电子部件损伤实验研究

鳞片铜粉是干扰弹所装填干扰剂的主要成分之一,干扰弹爆炸后形成的烟幕颗粒具有较好的导电性,且粒径较小,极易在装备运动过程中受到振动进一步嵌入电子部件的各引脚缝隙。当导电颗粒堆积形成一定厚度导电片层时,将导致电子部件发生短路故障,使得装备受损。针对此问题,设计损伤实验,采用示波器检测计算机主板启动时BIOS芯片电信号,验证鳞片铜粉对计算机主板的损伤情况。结果表明,累计布洒6.0 g鳞片铜粉并振动60 s会造成计算机主板损伤,对比分析振动因素对损伤的影响,对鳞片铜粉损伤电子部件情况进行分析,评估了干扰弹使用后造成装备电子部件损伤的情况,验证了鳞片铜粉会对装备电子部件造成严重危害,为烟幕干扰剂的发展明确了方向。

基于中等区域尺度家用电器电子产品废弃预测模型研究与实例分析

针对现有保有量废弃电器电子产品(waste electrical and electronic equipment,WEEE)预测模型的不足,给出了基于中等区域尺度下考虑梯次利用影响的WEEE预测模型,预测模型中家用电器电子产品(electrical and electronic equipment,EEE)的废弃规律采用Weilbull分布函数并按照实际修正,使得预测结果更加贴合实际。开展上海市“四机一脑”废弃量实证分析,采用现有模型验证,结果表明该WEEE预测模型可较好地预测中等区域尺度下WEEE的废弃量,为WEEE后续管理提供科学依据。

带式输送机的节能优化与试运行

为解决带式输送机当前所面临的功耗大、效率低的问题,在对带式输送机运行阻力和能耗分析的基础上得出了不同煤流量下最佳的输送带运速,在保证生产任务的同时达到了节能效果;根据节能控制的需求,分别实现了对煤流量、运速的实时监测,并提出基于模糊控制算法实现节能控制。最后,通过实践生产对比验证了节能控制系统的节能效果。

电子汽车衡检定分析

电子汽车衡作为测量大型货物计量的主要设备,是贸易往来的主要计量设备。在使用一段时间后,相关人员需要根据国家相关标准和规定对其进行检定,以减少使用过程中数据误差的产生,这也是保障行业进步与发展的关键。本文主要针对现阶段电子汽车衡检定工作开展的重要性以及检定工作要点进行分析,希望能够为电子汽车衡的使用提供参考。

电子秤称量误差检定及补偿方法

本文概述了电子秤称量误差的检定方法,并分别从电子秤的使用环境、使用方法、校准与维护管理等方面分析了产生称量误差的主要因素,并提出相关补充方法。

电子汽车衡检定规程检定分度数存在问题及措施

随着电子汽车衡在现代交通和物流领域的广泛应用,电子汽车作为现代交通和物流领域的重要设备,承担着货物称重和计量的任务,保证其准确性和可靠性成为重要任务。然而,在电子汽车衡的检定过程中,常常会出现一些问题,如称量数值误差过大、不回零问题以及仪表显示问题。本论文通过分析这些常见问题的根源,并提出相应的解决方法,以期改善电子汽车衡的检定精度和可靠性。