活化粉煤灰的结构和组成研究

用化学分析、ｘ光电子能谱、波谱、热谱和扫描电子显微镜等多种方法综合研究粉煤灰的体相和表面相的化学组成、颗粒形貌、表面价态、键型和表面相变过程等结构特征。发现粉煤灰的内部组成与表面组成明显不同；颗粒以微珠为主；粒度分布接近高斯分布；表面有Ｓｉ－Ｏ－Ｓｉ键，而无羟基；粉煤灰加热时有吸热和放热过程发生，并伴有失重现象。这些为粉煤灰的表面改性和综合利用提供了科学依据。

Selective flotation separation of andalusite and quartz and its mechanism

The separation of andalusite and quartz was investigated in the sodium oleate flotation system, and its mechanism was studied by solution chemical calculation, zeta-potential tests, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic(FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic(XPS). The flotation tests results show that FeCl3·6H2O has a strong activation effect on andalusite and quartz and citric acid has a strong inhibitory effect on activated quartz, thus increasing the floatability difference between quartz and andalusite when the pulp p H is approximately 8. The FTIR, Zeta potential, and XPS analyses combined with the chemical calculation of flotation reagent solutions demonstrate that Fe forms hydroxide precipitates on the surface of andalusite and quartz and that oleate anions and metal ions adsorb onto the surface of the minerals. The elements Al and Fe can be chemically reacted. The anions in citric acid have different degrees of dissolution of Fe on the andalusite and quartz surfaces, thereby selectively eliminating the activation of the elemental Fe on andalusite and quartz and increasing the floatability of andalusite, leading to a better separation effect between andalusite and quartz.

复合生物陶瓷人工骨与骨组织结合界面扫描电镜观察及X线能谱分析

本实验选用自行研制的复合生物陶瓷(简称CBC)植入4只成年杂种狗的下颌骨体部人造骨缺损处。术后3月处死动物获取标本,在组织学观察的同时,取部份标本经处理后用扫描电镜和X线能谱仪对该材料与骨组织结合界面进行观察研究、结果表明复合生物陶瓷与骨组织呈直线骨性结合。关于其结合机理,经分析认为可能与离子交换后Ca,P聚集界面和磷酸盐物质扩散沉积于界面有关。