The previous methods of figuring the numbers of chemical elements is summed up in this paper. Based on that, another two creative calculative methods are introduced as well.
In 2003,Railsback proposed the Earth Scientist's Periodic Table,which displays a great deal of elemental geology information in accordance with the natural environment of the earth.As an applied science,metallurgy...In 2003,Railsback proposed the Earth Scientist's Periodic Table,which displays a great deal of elemental geology information in accordance with the natural environment of the earth.As an applied science,metallurgy is based on mineral composition and element behavior,that is similar to geochemistry.In this paper,connections and similarities between geology and metallurgy are identified,based on geochemical laws and numerous metallurgical cases.An obvious connection is that simple cations w让h high and low ionic potential are commonly extracted by hydrometallurgy,while those with intermediate ionic potential are extracted by pyrometallurgy.In addition,element affinity in geology is associated with element migration in metallurgic phases.To be specific,in pyrometallurgy,lithophile elements tend to gather in slags,chalcophile elements prefer the matte phase,siderophile elements are easily absorbed into metal melt,and atmophile elements readily enter the gas phase.Furthermore,in hydrometallurgy,the principles of hard/soft acids and bases(HSABs)offer an explanation of how precipitation and dissolution occur in different solutions,especially for fluoride and chloride.This article provides many metallurgical examples based on the principles of geochemistry to verify these similarities and connections.展开更多
How do elements originate, how atoms are formed, and what are the laws? According to the unified logic of “Tong Yi Lun Thought”, combined with the elements’ attributes and the atomic composition that have been disc...How do elements originate, how atoms are formed, and what are the laws? According to the unified logic of “Tong Yi Lun Thought”, combined with the elements’ attributes and the atomic composition that have been discovered now, after determining that the mechanism of increasing yang in the atomic system is the increase of proton number, the Bian Zheng relationship among proton, neutron and electron determines that there are only 128 kinds of elements in the atomic system. At the same time, element atoms have corresponding logical relations when they are generated.展开更多
To better understand the 5# coal （late Paleozoic） from the Weibei Coalfield, nine samples were collected in different locations of the 5# coal seam. The correlation coefficients between 51 trace elements including o...To better understand the 5# coal （late Paleozoic） from the Weibei Coalfield, nine samples were collected in different locations of the 5# coal seam. The correlation coefficients between 51 trace elements including organic carbon, as well as ash, were calculated by statistical method. The variations of the squares of correlation coefficients with the first ionization energy, as well as ion radii of the corresponding elements, were comparatively investigated. The results show that the distribution law of the trace elements is in accordance with the chemical element periodic law and can be theoretically explained in detail. The distribution law is also suitable to the stable coal layer formed under the function of the coal accumulation, such as that in the Ordos Basin.展开更多
针对目前大多数机器学习模型预测材料性质时需要大量的先验知识以及特征向量筛选困难的问题,基于电子轨道矩阵和元素周期表法两种描述符,通过特征融合的方式,设计了一种卷积神经网络模型OPCNN(Orbital of electron and Periodic table C...针对目前大多数机器学习模型预测材料性质时需要大量的先验知识以及特征向量筛选困难的问题,基于电子轨道矩阵和元素周期表法两种描述符,通过特征融合的方式,设计了一种卷积神经网络模型OPCNN(Orbital of electron and Periodic table CNN)。实验数据表明,OPCNN与其他预测模型相比,在带隙、生成热以及形成能数据集上都有着更好的性能,平均绝对误差分别为0.26 eV、0.037 KJ/mol和0.073 eV/atom,且R^(2)都达到了91%以上。OPCNN在保证了预测准确性的同时对先验知识的要求更低,只需要元素周期表中的信息即可预测材料性质,特征融合的思想可以让特征设计更加灵活,有利于新材料体系快速和准确的预测。展开更多
The relationship between trace elements in coal and organic functional groups of coal, also some of aromatic structure, was investigated by using curve fitting of infrared spectra. Cluster analysis was also performed ...The relationship between trace elements in coal and organic functional groups of coal, also some of aromatic structure, was investigated by using curve fitting of infrared spectra. Cluster analysis was also performed according to the degree of affinity of organic groups to the trace elements. The results show that there is a possibility that trace elements, especially LREE, were bound to peripheral organic functional groups of middle rank coal macromolecule. The most possible functional group that binds trace element is the hydroxyl, and to the less degree, the asymmetric -CH3 and 〉CH2 stretching, -CH3 stretching, etc. The degree of affinity of trace elements to different functional groups varies. The tendency obeys the natural structural changing law of trace elements-- the periodic law. The deviation of some trace elements from this regular trend is attributed to the deviation of intrinsic ＂confusion degree＂ （conventional molar entropy） of the matter system of coal basin, which is affected by the inner and outer factors during the evolution.展开更多
基金This work is supported by the National Science Foundation of China （No. 20471001 and 20671001）, the Important Project of Anhui Provincial Education Department （No. ZD2007004-1）, the Specific Project for Talents of Science and Technology of Universities of Anhui Province （No. 2005hbz03） and the Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Polymer Materials of Anhui Province.
文摘The previous methods of figuring the numbers of chemical elements is summed up in this paper. Based on that, another two creative calculative methods are introduced as well.
基金This work was financially supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(51334008).
文摘In 2003,Railsback proposed the Earth Scientist's Periodic Table,which displays a great deal of elemental geology information in accordance with the natural environment of the earth.As an applied science,metallurgy is based on mineral composition and element behavior,that is similar to geochemistry.In this paper,connections and similarities between geology and metallurgy are identified,based on geochemical laws and numerous metallurgical cases.An obvious connection is that simple cations w让h high and low ionic potential are commonly extracted by hydrometallurgy,while those with intermediate ionic potential are extracted by pyrometallurgy.In addition,element affinity in geology is associated with element migration in metallurgic phases.To be specific,in pyrometallurgy,lithophile elements tend to gather in slags,chalcophile elements prefer the matte phase,siderophile elements are easily absorbed into metal melt,and atmophile elements readily enter the gas phase.Furthermore,in hydrometallurgy,the principles of hard/soft acids and bases(HSABs)offer an explanation of how precipitation and dissolution occur in different solutions,especially for fluoride and chloride.This article provides many metallurgical examples based on the principles of geochemistry to verify these similarities and connections.
文摘How do elements originate, how atoms are formed, and what are the laws? According to the unified logic of “Tong Yi Lun Thought”, combined with the elements’ attributes and the atomic composition that have been discovered now, after determining that the mechanism of increasing yang in the atomic system is the increase of proton number, the Bian Zheng relationship among proton, neutron and electron determines that there are only 128 kinds of elements in the atomic system. At the same time, element atoms have corresponding logical relations when they are generated.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grand No. 40872101)Natural Science Foundation of Science and Technology Agency of Shaanxi Province (Grand No. DK07JK322)the Doctor Foundation of Xi'an Science and Technology University (Grand No. A5039)
文摘To better understand the 5# coal （late Paleozoic） from the Weibei Coalfield, nine samples were collected in different locations of the 5# coal seam. The correlation coefficients between 51 trace elements including organic carbon, as well as ash, were calculated by statistical method. The variations of the squares of correlation coefficients with the first ionization energy, as well as ion radii of the corresponding elements, were comparatively investigated. The results show that the distribution law of the trace elements is in accordance with the chemical element periodic law and can be theoretically explained in detail. The distribution law is also suitable to the stable coal layer formed under the function of the coal accumulation, such as that in the Ordos Basin.
文摘针对目前大多数机器学习模型预测材料性质时需要大量的先验知识以及特征向量筛选困难的问题,基于电子轨道矩阵和元素周期表法两种描述符,通过特征融合的方式,设计了一种卷积神经网络模型OPCNN(Orbital of electron and Periodic table CNN)。实验数据表明,OPCNN与其他预测模型相比,在带隙、生成热以及形成能数据集上都有着更好的性能,平均绝对误差分别为0.26 eV、0.037 KJ/mol和0.073 eV/atom,且R^(2)都达到了91%以上。OPCNN在保证了预测准确性的同时对先验知识的要求更低,只需要元素周期表中的信息即可预测材料性质,特征融合的思想可以让特征设计更加灵活,有利于新材料体系快速和准确的预测。
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Nos.41172143 and 40872101)Developmental Plan of Basic Research on Natural Science of Shanxi Province(20012JM5005)Science Research Plan of Shanxi education department(12JK0483)
文摘The relationship between trace elements in coal and organic functional groups of coal, also some of aromatic structure, was investigated by using curve fitting of infrared spectra. Cluster analysis was also performed according to the degree of affinity of organic groups to the trace elements. The results show that there is a possibility that trace elements, especially LREE, were bound to peripheral organic functional groups of middle rank coal macromolecule. The most possible functional group that binds trace element is the hydroxyl, and to the less degree, the asymmetric -CH3 and 〉CH2 stretching, -CH3 stretching, etc. The degree of affinity of trace elements to different functional groups varies. The tendency obeys the natural structural changing law of trace elements-- the periodic law. The deviation of some trace elements from this regular trend is attributed to the deviation of intrinsic ＂confusion degree＂ （conventional molar entropy） of the matter system of coal basin, which is affected by the inner and outer factors during the evolution.
