Histological and ultrastructural studies on the toxic effect of pan masala and its amelioration by Elettaria cardamomum

AIM:To investigate the histological and ultrastructural changes observed in pan masala intoxicated mammalian testes under the effect of cardamom.METHOD:Male Swiss mice were given pan masala orally at a dose of 2% of the feed and cardamom at a dose of 0.2% of the feed.They were divided into three groups,control(Group I),pan masala-treated(Group II),and a combination of pan masala and cardamom-treated group(Group III).Histologically,the testes of Group II mice displayed degeneration of tubular epithelium,disruption of spermatogenesis,and a marked reduction in germ cells.RESULTS:When cardamom was given,damage was less with fewer distorted cells and also improvement with normal tubules and spermatid differentiation in Group III.Ultrastructurally,pan masala-treated testes showed cytoplasmic vacuolation,shrinkage and pyknotic nuclei of spermatogonia,and abnormal acrosomal granules.CONCLUSION:When cardamom was given,the amelioration process was more evident showing a comparable morphology with control.

维药材小豆蔻提取物的体外抑菌实验研究

采用微孔板法和稀释法研究小豆蔻不同极性提取物对变异链球菌和大肠杆菌的体外抑菌作用。结果显示小豆蔻的氯仿、乙酸乙酯提取物对变异链球菌的生长有部分抑制作用,正丁醇、乙醇和水提取物对变异链球菌生物膜形成有部分抑制作用;小豆蔻的不同极性提取物对大肠杆菌生物膜形成均有一定抑制作用,其中氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇提取物的抑制活性最强。小豆蔻中含有抑制供试菌生物膜形成的活性成分,值得进一步研究。

GC-O鉴定两种小豆蔻精油的特征香气成分

通过气相色谱-嗅闻联用技术(GC-O)对两种小豆蔻精油中的挥发性成分进行分析鉴定,共鉴定出了41种挥发性香气物质,其中包含萜烯类物质14种,醇类物质9种,酸类物质4种,酯类物质6种,醛类物质3种,其他类物质5种。然后结合香气强度法筛选特征香气成分,结果从两种小豆蔻精油中共筛选出10种特征香气物质(香气强度值≥3),分别为甲位蒎烯、桧烯、双戊烯、乙酸芳樟酯、乙酸香叶酯、乙酸松油酯、芳樟醇、松油醇、α-松油醇和桉叶素。