In vivo antiplasmodial activities of ethanolic exract and fractions of Eleucine indica

Objective:To evaluate the in rivo antiplasmodial activities of the extract and fractions(n-hexane. chloroform,ethylacetate.butanol.aqueous) of the whole plant in Plasmodium berghei berghei infected mice.Methods:Oral administrations of the extract(200.400,and 600 my/kg) of Eleacine indica and fractions(400 mg/kg) were screened in the 4-day.repository and curative tests. Chloroquine(5 mg/kg).pyrimethamine(1.2 mg/kgi and artesunate(5 mg/kgi were used as controls. Results:The extract showed significant[P【 0.05-0.001) dose-dependent,antiplasmodial activity in the 4-day.repository and curative tests and increased the survival times of the infected mice. All the fractions exhibited significant antiplasmodial activity with the highest being ethylacetate fraction.Conclusions:Eleucine indica extract and fractions possess antimalarial activity which confirms the ethnobotanical use of this plant as a malarial remedy and opens a new highway to further investigate its potentials in the on-going fight against malaria.

Subchronic oral toxicity evaluation of ethanolic whole plant extract of Eleucine indica on haematological and biochemical indices in Wistar albino rats

Objective:To evaluate the effect of ingestion of ethanolic whole plant extract of Eleucine indica on haematological and biochemical parameters of Wistar albino rats.Methods:Subchronic toxicity study was carried out by oral administration of different doses(200,400 and 600 mg/kg body weight)of the extract on alternate-day basis to different groups of rats for 28 days.The animals were subsequently sacrificed and blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for haematological and biochemical analyses.Results:Haematological indices were preserved and the extract showed significant(P<0.01–0.001)haemostatic potentials.There was significant reduction(P<0.05–0.001)in total bilirubin,aspartate aminotransferase(P<0.001),alanine transaminase(P<0.05),alkaline phosphatase(P<0.001)and blood glucose(P<0.001)compared to control.The level of total protein increased significantly(P<0.05–0.001).Kidney functions were,however,intact.Conclusions:The results obtained indicated that ingestion of Eleucine indica whole plant extract for a long period of time reduces both bleeding and clotting times,reduces blood sugar and shows no apparent toxic effect on liver and kidneys.The results of this study may be useful as a basis for clinical trials in humans.