To improve the measurement and evaluation of form error of an elliptic section, an evaluation method based on least squares fitting is investigated to analyze the form and profile errors of an ellipse using coordinate...To improve the measurement and evaluation of form error of an elliptic section, an evaluation method based on least squares fitting is investigated to analyze the form and profile errors of an ellipse using coordinate data. Two error indicators for defining ellipticity are discussed, namely the form error and the profile error, and the difference between both is considered as the main parameter for evaluating machining quality of surface and profile. Because the form error and the profile error rely on different evaluation benchmarks, the major axis and the foci rather than the centre of an ellipse are used as the evaluation benchmarks and can accurately evaluate a tolerance range with the separated form error and profile error of workpiece. Additionally, an evaluation program based on the LS model is developed to extract the form error and the profile error of the elliptic section, which is well suited for separating the two errors by a standard program. Finally, the evaluation method about the form and profile errors of the ellipse is applied to the measurement of skirt line of the piston, and results indicate the effectiveness of the evaluation. This approach provides the new evaluation indicators for the measurement of form and profile errors of ellipse, which is found to have better accuracy and can thus be used to solve the difficult of the measurement and evaluation of the piston in industrial production.展开更多
A three dimensional numerical model of nonlinear wave action on a quasi-ellipse caisson in a time domain was developed in this paper. Navier-Stokes equations were solved by the finite difference method, and the volume...A three dimensional numerical model of nonlinear wave action on a quasi-ellipse caisson in a time domain was developed in this paper. Navier-Stokes equations were solved by the finite difference method, and the volume of fluid (VOF) method was employed to trace the free surface. The partial cell method was used to deal with the irregular boundary typical of this type of problem during first-time wave interaction with the structure, and a satisfactory result was obtained. The numerical model was verified and used to investigate the effects of the relative wave height H/d, relative caisson width kD, and relative length-width ratio B/D on the wave forces of the quasi-ellipse caisson. It was shown that the relative wave height H/d has a significant effect on the wave forces of the caisson. Compared with the non-dimensional inline wave force, the relative length-width ratio B/D was shown to have significant influence on the non-dimensional transverse wave force.展开更多
The finite difference method and the volume of fluid （VOF） method were used to develop a three-dimensional numerical model to study wave interaction with a perforated caisson. The partial cell method was adopted to ...The finite difference method and the volume of fluid （VOF） method were used to develop a three-dimensional numerical model to study wave interaction with a perforated caisson. The partial cell method was adopted to solve this type of problem for the first time. The validity of the present model, with and without the presence of caisson structures, was examined by comparing the model results with experimental data. Then, the numerical model was used to investigate the effects of various wave and structure parameters on the wave force and wave runup of the perforated quasi-ellipse caisson. Compared with the solid quasi-ellipse caisson, the wave force on the perforated quasi-ellipse caisson is significantly reduced with increasing porosity of the perforated quasi-ellipse caisson. Furthermore, the perforated quasi-ellipse caisson can also reduce the wave runup, and it tends to decrease with the increase of the porosity of the perforated quasi-ellipse caisson and the relative wave height.展开更多
研究老年人的活动空间有助于更好理解老年人的出行行为,对于提高城市交通系统对社会老龄化的适应性,促进交通公平具有重要意义.采用2016年中国昆明市的居民出行调查数据和建成环境数据,对老年人活动空间的测度和影响因素进行研究.借助...研究老年人的活动空间有助于更好理解老年人的出行行为,对于提高城市交通系统对社会老龄化的适应性,促进交通公平具有重要意义.采用2016年中国昆明市的居民出行调查数据和建成环境数据,对老年人活动空间的测度和影响因素进行研究.借助地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)可视化与分析工具,利用标准置信椭圆法对老年人活动空间进行测度,并对其分布特征和群体性差异进行统计分析,基于序次logit模型探究老年人活动空间的影响因素.结果表明,超过一半的老年人活动空间分布在以住址为中心的5 km2范围内,并表现出显著的群体性差异.公园密度、交叉口密度、道路网密度、商场密度、到公交站最近距离、年龄、性别、家庭结构及家庭年收入对老年人的活动空间均有显著影响.展开更多
单测点校正法计算复杂、不稳定、误差较大,无法满足井下地磁方位角的精度要求。基于间接单测点分析法和Brooks多测点分析法,提出一种新方法,通过DBSCAN(Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise)算法识别并剔除噪...单测点校正法计算复杂、不稳定、误差较大,无法满足井下地磁方位角的精度要求。基于间接单测点分析法和Brooks多测点分析法,提出一种新方法,通过DBSCAN(Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise)算法识别并剔除噪声,采用椭圆校正法校正径向干扰,轴向干扰则由单轴多测点分析法校正。实验证明:改进多测点法不仅可以进一步提高椭圆校正的拟合效果,还能降低噪声对参考点计算值的影响,计算得到的方差曲线收敛性更强、更稳定,校正后方位角误差进一步降低。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51575438)
文摘To improve the measurement and evaluation of form error of an elliptic section, an evaluation method based on least squares fitting is investigated to analyze the form and profile errors of an ellipse using coordinate data. Two error indicators for defining ellipticity are discussed, namely the form error and the profile error, and the difference between both is considered as the main parameter for evaluating machining quality of surface and profile. Because the form error and the profile error rely on different evaluation benchmarks, the major axis and the foci rather than the centre of an ellipse are used as the evaluation benchmarks and can accurately evaluate a tolerance range with the separated form error and profile error of workpiece. Additionally, an evaluation program based on the LS model is developed to extract the form error and the profile error of the elliptic section, which is well suited for separating the two errors by a standard program. Finally, the evaluation method about the form and profile errors of the ellipse is applied to the measurement of skirt line of the piston, and results indicate the effectiveness of the evaluation. This approach provides the new evaluation indicators for the measurement of form and profile errors of ellipse, which is found to have better accuracy and can thus be used to solve the difficult of the measurement and evaluation of the piston in industrial production.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Program on Transportation Construction in Western China Ministry of Communications under Grant No.2004-328-832-51
文摘A three dimensional numerical model of nonlinear wave action on a quasi-ellipse caisson in a time domain was developed in this paper. Navier-Stokes equations were solved by the finite difference method, and the volume of fluid (VOF) method was employed to trace the free surface. The partial cell method was used to deal with the irregular boundary typical of this type of problem during first-time wave interaction with the structure, and a satisfactory result was obtained. The numerical model was verified and used to investigate the effects of the relative wave height H/d, relative caisson width kD, and relative length-width ratio B/D on the wave forces of the quasi-ellipse caisson. It was shown that the relative wave height H/d has a significant effect on the wave forces of the caisson. Compared with the non-dimensional inline wave force, the relative length-width ratio B/D was shown to have significant influence on the non-dimensional transverse wave force.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50921001)the Science and Technology Program for Communications Construction in West China,of the Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China (Grant No. 2004-328-832-51)
文摘The finite difference method and the volume of fluid （VOF） method were used to develop a three-dimensional numerical model to study wave interaction with a perforated caisson. The partial cell method was adopted to solve this type of problem for the first time. The validity of the present model, with and without the presence of caisson structures, was examined by comparing the model results with experimental data. Then, the numerical model was used to investigate the effects of various wave and structure parameters on the wave force and wave runup of the perforated quasi-ellipse caisson. Compared with the solid quasi-ellipse caisson, the wave force on the perforated quasi-ellipse caisson is significantly reduced with increasing porosity of the perforated quasi-ellipse caisson. Furthermore, the perforated quasi-ellipse caisson can also reduce the wave runup, and it tends to decrease with the increase of the porosity of the perforated quasi-ellipse caisson and the relative wave height.
文摘煤矿长时间开采会导致上覆岩层在重力因素下产生刚性弯曲、断裂等,进而造成一系列安全隐患。如何高效地对煤矿区进行地表形变监测,对煤矿安全、自然生态有着十分重要的意义。文章结合小基线集干涉测量(small baseline subset InSAR,SBAS-InSAR)技术与瞬变电磁测深法对煤矿区进行沉降监测。此外,采用标准差椭圆分析了沉降体空间形变规律与特征,利用长短时记忆网络(long short term memory network,LSTM)模型预测了沉降体形变趋势。分析结果表明:通过瞬变电磁法与干涉测量结合,地表形变范围基本与瞬变电磁反演的采空区吻合,标准差椭圆分析出形变中心向西南方移动376 m,沉降形态也在向似圆状过渡;LSTM模型可以预测两个月的形变,误差为2 mm,可以实现煤矿区形变趋势的短期预测。
文摘研究老年人的活动空间有助于更好理解老年人的出行行为,对于提高城市交通系统对社会老龄化的适应性,促进交通公平具有重要意义.采用2016年中国昆明市的居民出行调查数据和建成环境数据,对老年人活动空间的测度和影响因素进行研究.借助地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)可视化与分析工具,利用标准置信椭圆法对老年人活动空间进行测度,并对其分布特征和群体性差异进行统计分析,基于序次logit模型探究老年人活动空间的影响因素.结果表明,超过一半的老年人活动空间分布在以住址为中心的5 km2范围内,并表现出显著的群体性差异.公园密度、交叉口密度、道路网密度、商场密度、到公交站最近距离、年龄、性别、家庭结构及家庭年收入对老年人的活动空间均有显著影响.
文摘单测点校正法计算复杂、不稳定、误差较大,无法满足井下地磁方位角的精度要求。基于间接单测点分析法和Brooks多测点分析法,提出一种新方法,通过DBSCAN(Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise)算法识别并剔除噪声,采用椭圆校正法校正径向干扰,轴向干扰则由单轴多测点分析法校正。实验证明:改进多测点法不仅可以进一步提高椭圆校正的拟合效果,还能降低噪声对参考点计算值的影响,计算得到的方差曲线收敛性更强、更稳定,校正后方位角误差进一步降低。
