This study investigated the effects of the degree of unsaturation（unsaturity） of long-chain fatty acids on microbial protein content and the activities of transaminases and dehydrogenase in vitro using goat rumen fl...This study investigated the effects of the degree of unsaturation（unsaturity） of long-chain fatty acids on microbial protein content and the activities of transaminases and dehydrogenase in vitro using goat rumen fluid as the cultural medium.Six types of fatty acids,stearic acid（C18：0,group A,control group）,oleic acid（C18：1,n-9,group B）,linoleic acid（C18：2,n-6,group C）,α-linolenic acid（C18：3,n-3,group D）,arachidonic acid（C20：4,n-6,group E）,and eicosapentaenoic acid（C20：5,n-3,group F）,were tested,and the inclusion ratio of each fatty acid was 3%（w/w） in total of culture substrate.Samples were taken at 0,3,6,9,12,18 and 24 h,respectively,during culture for analyses.Compared with stearic acid,linoleic acid,a-linolenic acid,and arachidonic acid increased the bacterial protein content,while oleic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid had no significant effects;the protozoal protein content was reduced for all the unsaturated fatty acids,and the magnitude of the reduction appeared to be associated with the degree of unsaturity of fatty acids.The total microbial protein content was dominantly accounted by the protozoal protein content（about 4-9 folds of the bacterial protein）,and only increased by linoleic acid,but reduced by oleic acid,arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid.There were no significant effects in the activities of both glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase（GOT） and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase（GPT） for all the other fatty acids,except for arachidonic acid which enhanced GOT activity and oleic acid which enhanced GPT activity.The total dehydrogenase activity was positively correlated with the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids.In conclusion,the inclusion of 3%of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids increased bacterial protein content,whereas reduced protozoal protein content and enhanced dehydrogenase activity.The fatty acids with more than three double bonds had detrimental effects on the microbial protein content.This work demonstrates for the first time the effect rule of the unsaturation degree of long-chain fatty acids on the rumen microbial protein in vitro.展开更多
长链脂肪酸在哺乳动物体内具有广泛的生理功能,特别是在生物膜的形成和动态特性维持中发挥着不可或缺的作用,同时,作为能量产生的重要原料,长链脂肪酸在保持心脏和骨骼肌正常功能方面也具有极其重要的作用.脂肪酸转运蛋白家族(fatty aci...长链脂肪酸在哺乳动物体内具有广泛的生理功能,特别是在生物膜的形成和动态特性维持中发挥着不可或缺的作用,同时,作为能量产生的重要原料,长链脂肪酸在保持心脏和骨骼肌正常功能方面也具有极其重要的作用.脂肪酸转运蛋白家族(fatty acid transport proteins,FATPs)是一组膜蛋白,在心脏、肝脏、肌肉和小肠等脂肪酸代谢活跃的组织器官中均有表达.已有研究表明,FATPs在长链脂肪酸的摄取和代谢调节中发挥着重要作用,现对FATPs的组织分布、结构特点、功能、作用机制及其与人类疾病的关系等方面进行综述.展开更多
超长链脂肪酸延伸酶(Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein;ELO)是决定长足大竹象(Cyrtotrachelus buqueti)脂肪酸生物合成的关键酶。利用生物信息学方法对长足大竹象ELO基因家族的基因结构特征及其编码蛋白序列进行详细...超长链脂肪酸延伸酶(Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein;ELO)是决定长足大竹象(Cyrtotrachelus buqueti)脂肪酸生物合成的关键酶。利用生物信息学方法对长足大竹象ELO基因家族的基因结构特征及其编码蛋白序列进行详细的分析以期探究长足大竹象ELO基因家族调控其脂肪酸生物合成的分子机制。结果表明,从长足大竹象基因组序列中共鉴定出15个ELO基因家族成员,分别位于四条染色体上。其等电点9.22~9.68、呈碱性。该家族蛋白具有稳定性、疏水性、具有跨膜现象、且有多个磷酸化位点、二级结构以α-螺旋为主。Cbu ELO蛋白家族共鉴定出10个保守基序。通过构建Cbu ELO蛋白家族进化树分析,长足大竹象与赤拟谷盗的ELO蛋白家族亲缘关系最近。该研究结果为深入探索长足大竹象ELO基因的功能提供了参考依据。展开更多
基金financially supported by the Innovation Foundation for Undergraduate of Yangzhou University,China (201311117034)the Domestic Cooperative Innovation ofIndustry-University-Research(XT20140012)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD),China
文摘This study investigated the effects of the degree of unsaturation（unsaturity） of long-chain fatty acids on microbial protein content and the activities of transaminases and dehydrogenase in vitro using goat rumen fluid as the cultural medium.Six types of fatty acids,stearic acid（C18：0,group A,control group）,oleic acid（C18：1,n-9,group B）,linoleic acid（C18：2,n-6,group C）,α-linolenic acid（C18：3,n-3,group D）,arachidonic acid（C20：4,n-6,group E）,and eicosapentaenoic acid（C20：5,n-3,group F）,were tested,and the inclusion ratio of each fatty acid was 3%（w/w） in total of culture substrate.Samples were taken at 0,3,6,9,12,18 and 24 h,respectively,during culture for analyses.Compared with stearic acid,linoleic acid,a-linolenic acid,and arachidonic acid increased the bacterial protein content,while oleic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid had no significant effects;the protozoal protein content was reduced for all the unsaturated fatty acids,and the magnitude of the reduction appeared to be associated with the degree of unsaturity of fatty acids.The total microbial protein content was dominantly accounted by the protozoal protein content（about 4-9 folds of the bacterial protein）,and only increased by linoleic acid,but reduced by oleic acid,arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid.There were no significant effects in the activities of both glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase（GOT） and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase（GPT） for all the other fatty acids,except for arachidonic acid which enhanced GOT activity and oleic acid which enhanced GPT activity.The total dehydrogenase activity was positively correlated with the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids.In conclusion,the inclusion of 3%of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids increased bacterial protein content,whereas reduced protozoal protein content and enhanced dehydrogenase activity.The fatty acids with more than three double bonds had detrimental effects on the microbial protein content.This work demonstrates for the first time the effect rule of the unsaturation degree of long-chain fatty acids on the rumen microbial protein in vitro.
文摘长链脂肪酸在哺乳动物体内具有广泛的生理功能,特别是在生物膜的形成和动态特性维持中发挥着不可或缺的作用,同时,作为能量产生的重要原料,长链脂肪酸在保持心脏和骨骼肌正常功能方面也具有极其重要的作用.脂肪酸转运蛋白家族(fatty acid transport proteins,FATPs)是一组膜蛋白,在心脏、肝脏、肌肉和小肠等脂肪酸代谢活跃的组织器官中均有表达.已有研究表明,FATPs在长链脂肪酸的摄取和代谢调节中发挥着重要作用,现对FATPs的组织分布、结构特点、功能、作用机制及其与人类疾病的关系等方面进行综述.
文摘超长链脂肪酸延伸酶(Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein;ELO)是决定长足大竹象(Cyrtotrachelus buqueti)脂肪酸生物合成的关键酶。利用生物信息学方法对长足大竹象ELO基因家族的基因结构特征及其编码蛋白序列进行详细的分析以期探究长足大竹象ELO基因家族调控其脂肪酸生物合成的分子机制。结果表明,从长足大竹象基因组序列中共鉴定出15个ELO基因家族成员,分别位于四条染色体上。其等电点9.22~9.68、呈碱性。该家族蛋白具有稳定性、疏水性、具有跨膜现象、且有多个磷酸化位点、二级结构以α-螺旋为主。Cbu ELO蛋白家族共鉴定出10个保守基序。通过构建Cbu ELO蛋白家族进化树分析,长足大竹象与赤拟谷盗的ELO蛋白家族亲缘关系最近。该研究结果为深入探索长足大竹象ELO基因的功能提供了参考依据。
