环境因子对千里香(Murraya paniculata)蒸腾强度的影响

蒸腾作用是植物水分关系中的一个重要部分,它基本上是蒸发的物理过程,因此受环境因子的影响,同时它也是受植物体本身结构特点影响的生理过程。对植物的蒸腾强度测定,有利于了解植物与环境之间的关系。千里香[Murraya paniculata(L.)Jack]是一种主要生长于石灰岩地区的具有重要药理作用的植物。其生长地的土壤浅薄,而基岩本身又易透水,故石灰岩地区蓄水保水能力较差,土壤常较干燥,测定千里香植物的蒸腾强度,有利于了解石灰岩地区植物的某些特点。

Cytotoxic and Anti-Tumour Promoting Activities of Carbazole Alkaloids from Malayan <i>Murraya koenigii</i>(L.) Spreng

Murraya koenigii (L.) (Rutaceae) is an indigenous medicinally important herb of Indian origin and now is widely distributed throughout southern Asia. The stem bark, leaves and roots of Malayan Murraya koenigii were selected for phytochemical investigation. Eight carbazole alkaloids was isolated and identified using spectroscopic methods including NMR, IR, UV, MS spectra data. Crude extract and isolated compounds from the roots of this plant were screened for cytotoxic activity and antitumor promoting activity. All crude extracts of the roots including the isolated compounds, mahanimbine, mahanine and murrayafoline-A exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against CEM-SS cell line with IC50 3mg/mL. Girinimbine inhibited EBV-activation in the antitumor promoting assay.

Nephroprotective effect of Murraya koenigii on Cyclophosphamide induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Objective: To evaluate the nephroprotective effect of defatted mehtanolic extract and aqueous extract of Murraya koenigii against Cyclophosphamide drug. Methods: Nephrotoxicity was induced by Cyclophosphamide in 7 d at 150 mg/kg body weight through intraperitoneal route in rat model. Nephroprotective activity of Murraya koenigii(M. koenigii) extract(100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg in intraperitoneal route) was measured, including nephrological source, oxidative stress parameters like superoxide dismutase, glutathione, the lipid peroxide and in vivo assay like blood urea nitrogen, creatinine were determined and analyzed by One way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test. Results: The study result showed that important phytochemicals such as carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannin, alkaloids, glycosides, protein and steroids were found to be present in the extract of M. koenigii. The renal function markers like blood urea nitrogen and ceatinine level were found to be decreased significantly by M. koenigii extract treatment. A significant difference was found to be at P<0.01. Conclusions: The present study reveals the protective role of M. koenigii extract against Cyclophosphamide induced nephrotoxicity.

Prenylated Coumarins from Heracleum stenopterum,Peucedanum praeruptorum,Clausena lansium,and Murraya paniculata

Four hitherto unknown prenylated coumarins,namely 600-O-b-D-apiofuranosylapterin(1),40-O-isobutyroylpeguangxienin(2),6-(3-methyl-2-oxobutyroyl)-7-methoxycoumarin(3),and 6-hydroxycoumurrayin(4),were isolated from the ethanol extract of Heracleum stenopterum,Peucedanum praeruptorum,Clausena lansium,and Murraya paniculata,respectively.Their chemical structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis.Compound 2 exhibited in vitro cytotoxic activity against five human cancer cell lines(HL-60,A-549,SMMC-7721,MCF-7,and SW-480)with IC50 values ranging from 15.9 to 23.2μM.

A New Binary Carbazole Alkaloid from Murraya koenigii

A new binary carbazole alkaloid, 8, 8-biskoenigine (1), along with its monomer, koenigine, was isolated from the dried leaves of Murraya koenigii collected in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan province. The structure of 1 was established by spectroscopic methods.

Allelopathic Potential of Orange Jessamine （Murraya paniculata L.） against Weeds

The use of allelopathic plants is an alternative technique for controlling weeds in sustainable crop production. This experiment evaluated the allelopathic potential of Murraya paniculata （L.） against four weeds viz., Bidens pilosa L., Amarathus spinosus L., Echinochloa crusgalli （L.） Beauv. and Chloris barbata Sw.. In laboratory test, aqueous extracts from M. paniculata leaves at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 g/L were tested on germination and seedling growth of the weeds. The extracts showed inhibitory effect, varying with weed species and extract concentration. Increase in concentrations increased the degree of inhibition. Concentration at 50 g/L and 100 g/L, completely inhibited seed germination of C. barbara and A. spinosus. Pot experiments were done in a glasshouse, with dry leaf powder as mulch on the soil surface at levels of 2, 4 and 8 t/ha. Dry leaf powder reduced the emergence and growth of all tested weeds, varying with dose and species. Chloris barbara is the most sensitive to M paniculata leaf mulch while E. crus-galli is the most resistant. These results suggest that M. paniculata had the potential lbr weed control and might be the source of a natural herbicide.

甘薯疮痂病菌的生物学特性和产孢方法研究

探究甘薯疮痂病菌(Elsinoe batatas)的生物学特性,筛选疮痂病菌在人工培养基上快速、大量地产生分生孢子的方法,为甘薯抗疮痂病育种提供依据。以疮痂病病原菌菌株CRI-CJ2为研究对象,采用菌丝生长速率法测定在不同培养基、pH和光照处理条件下的菌落生长直径,利用凹玻片悬滴法测定在不同温度、pH和光照处理条件下的分生孢子萌发率,比较Fries液体培养法、摇菌法和菌丝涂布法等3种方法的诱导产孢效果。结果表明,最适菌丝生长的培养基为PDA,pH 6~7,致死温度为48℃、10 min,光照对菌丝生长无显著影响,但连续光照使菌落呈鲜红色;分生孢子萌发最适pH 5,最适温度为25℃,致死温度为48℃、10 min,光照对分生孢子萌发影响不显著;采用菌丝涂布法可使疮痂病菌在培养第12天分生孢子产孢量达7.09×10^(7)个/mL,分生孢子萌发率为24%,产孢量和孢子活力均高于摇菌法,采用Fries液体培养法未观察到分生孢子及产孢结构。可见,选用适宜的培养基、pH能促进菌丝体生长,菌丝涂布法具有产孢快、产孢量大的优点,是一种适合甘薯疮痂病菌分生孢子诱生的方法。

四数九里香的化学成分及药理活性研究进展

四数九里香为芸香科九里香属植物四数九里香的干燥叶及根,具有祛风解表、行气止痛、活血散瘀的功效。研究表明,四数九里香主要成分为挥发油、生物碱、香豆素及黄酮等化合物,具有细胞毒性、抗炎、镇痛、驱避杀虫等生物活性。本文通过查阅国内外文献,对其化学成分及药理活性等方面的研究进行了综述,以期为四数九里香的应用及开发提供参考及借鉴依据。

Processing Effects on Selected Antioxidant Activities and Metabolizing Enzyme Inhibition of M. Koneigii (Curry Leaves) Extracts

Curry leaves, scientifically termed Murraya koenigii, are renowned in South Asian cuisine for their flavor enhancement and potential health benefits, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of thermal processing methods on curry leaves by analysing Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), antioxidant activity, and metabolizing enzyme inhibition. Fresh curry leaves were subjected to thermal treatments: Oven-dried at 60˚C and Air-dried at 25˚C for 2 weeks. Extracts were prepared using Ethanol and water solvents. Results indicated that Air-dried leaves exhibited significantly higher TPC (5132.65 mg GAE/100 g) and TFC (243.13 mg CE/100 g) compared to Fresh and Oven-dried leaves. Antioxidant assays show that oven-dried curry leaves at 60˚C displayed higher results in NORS, FRAP, and TEAC assays compared to Fresh and Air-dried leaves. Ethanol extracts showed better extraction of bioactive compounds than aqueous extracts. Moreover, Lipase inhibition activity was notably high, indicating potential health benefits. This study provides valuable insights into the effects of processing methods on curry leaf extracts, emphasizing the importance of solvent selection for optimal extraction of bioactive compounds.

民族药四数九里香的化学成分及生物活性研究进展

四数九里香作为传统民族药,含有挥发油、黄酮、生物碱和香豆素等成分,表现出抗炎、镇痛、趋避杀虫和抗肿瘤等多重药理作用。本文对四数九里香化学成分、药理作用以及潜在毒性进行简要综述,并提出其药效物质基础、作用机制以及慢性毒性等方面仍值得深入研究。对四数九里香功能特性开展系统深入的挖掘并将其应用到创新药物的开发中,对于进一步提高四数九里香产品附加值、拓展其应用领域具有重要意义。

九里香叶的抗炎镇痛作用研究

采用小鼠扭体试验、热板法、二甲苯致耳朵肿胀法和角叉菜胶致足肿胀法研究了九里香[Murrayaexotica(L.)]叶的镇痛抗炎作用。结果表明,九里香叶醇提物可有效抑制醋酸致小鼠的扭体反应,延长小鼠的痛阈值,显著抑制二甲苯及角叉菜胶诱导的肿胀。表明中药九里香叶醇提物具有显著的抗炎、镇痛药理学作用,为中药九里香的二次开发提供了有益的科学依据。

九里香醇提物抗膝骨关节炎研究

利用Hulth手术诱导法复制大鼠膝骨关节炎模型,利用光学显微镜、组织化学法观察关节平面损害情况,通过ELISA法测定大鼠血清中的IL-1β、TNF-α、SOD及iNOS含量,研究中药九里香(Murraya exotica L.)醇提物对大鼠膝骨关节炎的防治作用。结果表明,治疗组与模型组相比,九里香醇提物对关节平面具有显著的保护作用,可提高大鼠血清中SOD含量、有效降低IL-1β、TNF-α及iNOS含量。

不同土壤水分对九里香光合特性的影响

利用Li-6400XT便携式光合仪,在灌水周期内测定了8种不同水分条件下九里香(Murraya exotica L.)叶片光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2体积分数及水分利用效率等生理参数的光响应过程,探讨了维持九里香较高光合速率和水分利用效率的适宜土壤水分及光照强度范围。结果表明:光辐射强度和土壤湿度对九里香叶片光合特性有十分显著的影响,九里香在土壤体积含水量29.80%(相对含水量89.40%)时光合速率达到最大值。当土壤水分条件适宜时,光强在400～1600μmol.m-2.s-1范围内,九里香光合速率较高。适宜九里香生长的土壤湿度范围(具有较高的光合速率和水分利用效率)为土壤体积含水量21.30%～29.80%(相对含水量64.53%～89.40%)。九里香永久萎蔫的最低土壤湿度为土壤体积含水量10.60%(相对含水量32.11%)。

九里香叶中甲氧基黄酮类化合物的NMR研究

从九里香(Murrayaexotica L.)叶中分离得到三个甲氧基黄酮类化合物:5,7,3′,4′-四甲氧基黄酮(化合物1)、5,7,3′,4′,5′-五甲氧基黄酮(化合物2)和5,6,7,3′,4′,5′-六甲氧基黄酮(化合物3).应用1D和2D NMR(包括1H-1HCOSY、HMQC和HMBC)对这三种化合物的结构进行了分析,确认了三个化合物中甲氧基的连接位置,并对1H和13C化学位移进行了归属.

九里香含药血清抗软骨细胞凋亡的机制

目的对九里香血清药物化学抗软骨细胞凋亡进行初步研究。方法建立大鼠骨关节炎(OA)模型,含药血清培养软骨细胞,利用流式细胞仪检测其凋亡,建立中药九里香的指纹图谱、血清指纹图谱等方法,利用柱层析从原药材中分离鉴定主要成分。结果分离培养软骨细胞,九里香含药血清可显著抑制OA软骨细胞的凋亡情况。在大鼠血清中存在16个入血成分,其中6个为九里香的原型成分,10个可能为原型成分的代谢产物。分离鉴定两个主要成分九里香酮和phebalosin,分别与血清中色谱峰9和11的相对保留时间基本一致。结论九里香含药血清具有抗OA软骨细胞凋亡作用,入血成分或移行成分可能成为九里香在体内的直接作用物质。

九里香挥发油成分研究

目的:对九里香挥发油成分进行研究。方法:利用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,采用气相色谱-质谱-数据系统联用技术对所得挥发油进行分析。结果:共分离出90多个色谱峰,鉴定出59个成分,占挥发油总量的93.9%。主要成分为双环大香叶烯(26.0%)、β-石竹烯(20.8%)、α-石竹烯(5.8%)、δ-杜松烯(4.7%)、匙叶桉油烯醇(4.3%)、反-α-香柠檬烯(4.1%)、大香叶烯D(3.7%)、β-红没药烯(3.0%)、芳香-姜黄烯(2.5%)。结论:九里香的挥发油成分中,以倍半萜类成分为主,占80.6%,单萜类成分占11.9%。主要成分双环大香叶烯在九里香属植物中未见报道。

超声波提取九里香总黄酮及其鉴别

目的为充分利用九里香植物资源,避免资源的浪费,探讨九里香总黄酮的提取及鉴别方法。方法采用超声波乙醇浸提法从九里香中提取黄酮类物质,对所提取的黄酮类物质进行验证,并用紫外分光光度法测定含量。结果测得样品中总黄酮的含量C=1.012 8 mg/m l,回收率为102.5%,其纯度和产率均较高。结论该方法采用全物理过程,无任何污染,是提取九里香黄酮类物质的有效途径。

四数九里香的化学成分研究

采用硅胶柱层析色谱和重结晶方法对四数九里香(Murraya tetrameraHuang in Acta Phytotax.Sin.)的非挥发油成分进行分离和纯化,通过理化性质和波谱技术鉴定化合物结构。结果分离并鉴定出5个化合物:补骨脂素、槲皮素3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、咖啡酸、正三十一烷、正三十四烷醇。5个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。

广西九里香化学成分研究

目的 对广西九里香 (Murrayakwangsiensis)的化学成分进行研究。 方法 利用硅胶柱色谱和薄层色谱方法对广西九里香的 95 %乙醇提取物进行分离 ;采用UV ,IR ,MS ,1HNMR和13CNMR等技术对所得化合物进行结构研究。结果 分离鉴定了 7个化合物 ,其中 5个为咔巴唑生物碱 :murrayafoline A ,murrayanine,koenine,isomahanine和广西九里香碱 (kwangsine) ,两个非生物碱化合物 :棕榈酸和 β 谷甾醇。结论 广西九里香碱 (kwangsine)为新化合物 。

小叶九里香叶挥发油成分分析

运用气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用技术,结合标准谱库,对海南三亚产小叶九里香叶中挥发油成分进行了研究,共分离鉴定出22个化合物。主要成分为β-松油烯(27.86％)、十氢1,1,7-三甲基-4-甲烯基-1H-环丙[e]萸(24.572％)、1,2,3,4,4α,5,6,8α-八氢-7-甲基-4-甲烯基-1-(1-甲基)萘(11.426％)、3-蒈烯(10.125％)、1,1-二甲基-2-(3-甲基-1,3-丁二烯基)环丙烷(5.581％)。单萜类成分少于倍半萜类成分。