An elderly gentleman presented to the emergency department with a recent history of dyspnoea, collapse and transient neurological symptoms. He was noted to be hypoxic with a significantly elevated D Dimer. A computer ...An elderly gentleman presented to the emergency department with a recent history of dyspnoea, collapse and transient neurological symptoms. He was noted to be hypoxic with a significantly elevated D Dimer. A computer tomography pulmonary angiogram demonstrated a large embolus with a further filling defects within the left and the right atria, abutting the interatrial septum. Suspicion of a paradoxical pulmonary embolus was raised and the patient subsequently underwent echocardiography which confirmed a patent foramen ovale(PFO). He was commenced on warfarin therapy. In patients with elevated right heart pressure, a PFO can be unmasked and give rise to cerebral emboli. Clinical suspicion should be raised in patients with pulmonary emboli or deep venous thrombosis if there is a concomitant history of focal neurological symptoms.展开更多
A febrile and unconscious man was sent to our emergency department. On physical examinations, some dark red ecchymosis/discoloration over the trunk and track mark in the left-sided groin region were seen. Brain CT sca...A febrile and unconscious man was sent to our emergency department. On physical examinations, some dark red ecchymosis/discoloration over the trunk and track mark in the left-sided groin region were seen. Brain CT scan showed septic emboli complicated with hemorrhage. Chest X-ray revealed pulmonary emboli. Aortic valve vegetation was found by echocardiography. Although aggressive treatment and resuscitation were taken, he died of methicillin-sensitiveStaphylococcus aureus sepsis and multiple organ failure. Intravenous drug users are susceptible to right-sided infective endocarditis. In our case, left-sided infective endocarditis with lung and brain embolism resulting in fatality was relatively uncommon. Review of literature was also made for this article.展开更多
Pulmonary embolism is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Risk factors include venous stasis, endothelial injury, and hypercoagulability. Prevention centers on the use of sequential compression devices and antic...Pulmonary embolism is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Risk factors include venous stasis, endothelial injury, and hypercoagulability. Prevention centers on the use of sequential compression devices and anticoagulation in the hospital patient. This is the case of a 45-year-old male who presented for open reduction and internal fixation of tibia plateau fracture. He developed a saddle embolus during the perioperative period which was diagnosed in the recovery room after workup for the cause of his poor oxygenation. A chest computed tomographic scan showed an extensive saddle embolus with partial occlusion of the bilateral main pulmonary arteries and all segmental pulmonary artery branches. This case report discusses his diagnosis, management and clinical course. In addition, risk factors, treatment and prevention for pulmonary embolus and described.展开更多
Objective:To study the different effects of mechanical embolus removal and intra-arterial thrombolysis on neural functional recovery in patients with acute middle cerebral artery occlusion.Methods: Patients with acute...Objective:To study the different effects of mechanical embolus removal and intra-arterial thrombolysis on neural functional recovery in patients with acute middle cerebral artery occlusion.Methods: Patients with acute middle cerebral artery occlusion who were treated in the First Hospital of Yulin between September 2013 and October 2017 were selected and retrospectively studied, and the differences in reperfusion therapies in history data were referred to divide them into study group A and study group B who underwent mechanical embolus removal and intra-arterial thrombolysis respectively. The levels of neurocyte damage markers, apoptosis markers and stress markers in serum as well as the expression of Wnt pathway molecules in peripheral blood were determined before treatment and 24 h after treatment.Results: Compared with those of same group before treatment, serum NSE, S100B, VILIP1, sFas, sFasL, ET-1 and MDA levels as well as peripheral blood GSK3β, LC3-II and Beclin1 expression intensity of both groups were decreasing whereas serum BDNF, NTF, sLivin and SOD levels as well as peripheral bloodβ-catenin and mTOR expression intensity were increasing, and serum NSE, S100B, VILIP1, sFas, sFasL, ET-1 and MDA levels as well as peripheral blood GSK3β, LC3-II and Beclin1 expression intensity of study group A after treatment were lower than those of study group B whereas serum BDNF, NTF, sLivin and SOD levels as well as peripheral bloodβ-catenin and mTOR expression intensity were higher than those of study group B.Conclusion: Mechanical embolus removal for acute middle cerebral artery occlusion can be more effective than intra-arterial thrombolysis to reduce the nerve function damage as well as the corresponding oxidative stress and apoptosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Radioactive iodine-125(125I)microparticle therapy is a new type of internal radiation therapy that has shown unique advantages in the treatment of malignant tumors,especially hepatocellular carcinoma.Patien...BACKGROUND Radioactive iodine-125(125I)microparticle therapy is a new type of internal radiation therapy that has shown unique advantages in the treatment of malignant tumors,especially hepatocellular carcinoma.Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma frequently experience portal vein embolism,which exacerbates the difficulty and complexity of treatment.125I particles,used in local radiotherapy,can directly act on tumor tissue and reduce damage to surrounding healthy tissue.Through retrospective analysis,this study discussed the efficacy and safety of radioactive 125I particles in portal vein embolization patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in order to provide more powerful evidence supporting clinical treatment.AIM To investigate the effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with portal vein 125I particle implantation in the treatment of primary liver cancer patients with portal vein tumor thrombus and its influence on liver function.METHODS The clinical data of 96 patients with primary liver cancer combined with portal vein tumor thrombus admitted to our hospital between January 2020 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Fifty-two patients received treatment with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and implantation of 125I particles in the portal vein(combination group),while 44 patients received treatment with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization alone(control group).The therapeutic effects on tumor lesions,primary liver cancer,and portal vein tumor embolisms were compared between the two groups.Changes in relevant laboratory indexes before and after treatment were evaluated.The t test was used to compare the measurement data between the two groups,and the χ^(2) test was used to compare the counting data between groups.RESULTS The tumor lesion response rate in the combination group(59.62%vs 38.64%)and the response rate of patients with primary liver cancer complicated with portal vein tumor thrombus(80.77%vs 59.09%)were significantly greater than those in the control group(χ^(2)=4.196,5.421;P=0.041,0.020).At 8 wk after surgery,the serum alpha-fetoprotein,portal vein main diameter,and platelet of the combined group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,and total bilirubin were significantly greater than those of the control group(t=3.891,3.291,2.330,3.729,3.582,4.126;P<0.05).The serum aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,and total bilirubin levels of the two groups were significantly greater than those of the same group 8 wk after surgery(P<0.05),and the peripheral blood platelet,alphafetoprotein,and main portal vein diameter were significantly less than those of the same group before surgery(P<0.05).CONCLUSION In patients with primary liver cancer and a thrombus in the portal vein,transcatheter arterial chemoembolization plus portal vein 125I implantation is more effective than transcatheter arterial chemoembolization alone.However,during treatment it is crucial to pay attention to liver function injury caused by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.展开更多
Computed tomography (CT)-guided lung biopsy is a common diagnostic procedure that is associated with various complications, including pneumothorax, hemoptysis and parenchymal hemorrhage. Systemic air embolism is a ver...Computed tomography (CT)-guided lung biopsy is a common diagnostic procedure that is associated with various complications, including pneumothorax, hemoptysis and parenchymal hemorrhage. Systemic air embolism is a very rare (0.07%) but potentially lifethreatening complication. We report a fatal case of air embolism to the cerebral and coronary arteries confirmed by head and chest CT, followed by a review of the literature.展开更多
To develop an easy, reproducible experimental model of cerebral infarction(CI)without craniotomy in New Zealand white rabbits,a silicone rubber cylinder embedded in a nylon suture was delivered to the middle cerebral ...To develop an easy, reproducible experimental model of cerebral infarction(CI)without craniotomy in New Zealand white rabbits,a silicone rubber cylinder embedded in a nylon suture was delivered to the middle cerebral arteries through the internal carotid artery in anesthetized animals.Rabbits were sacrificed 0.5-5 h after embolization.CI size and location were ascertained by the tripheny1-2H-tetrazoliuni chloride(TTC)staining method;cerebral blood flow(CBF)was measured prior to and after embolization.Pco2,temperature and blood pressure were monitored and kept constant.CI occurred in all rabbits after 4 h of ischemia,in 50% after 3 h and only in 33% after 2.5 h.CI did not occur within less than 2.5 h of ischemia.No correlation was found between size and location of CI and occlusion time.CBF was maximally reduced in the right MCA territory but was also reduced in both anterior cerebral arteries and left MCA territories.This model is technically easy and the retrievable embolus allows the study of reperfusion by pulling on the nylon suture.It is suitable for studying chemical and molecular changes of the ischemic cells and/or for studying neuroimage changes after ischemic stroke.展开更多
Acute limb ischemia is a urgent condition which occurs when there is an abrupt interruption of blood flow into an extremity usually because of either embolic or thrombotic vascular occlusion. Restoration of perfusion ...Acute limb ischemia is a urgent condition which occurs when there is an abrupt interruption of blood flow into an extremity usually because of either embolic or thrombotic vascular occlusion. Restoration of perfusion through early intervention can decrease amputation and mortality. Contemporary treatment includes both surgery and endovascular techniques. There is a rapid progress in endovascular intervention therapy. This article aims to make a comprehensive review of the endovascular intervention options of acute limb ischemia.展开更多
文摘An elderly gentleman presented to the emergency department with a recent history of dyspnoea, collapse and transient neurological symptoms. He was noted to be hypoxic with a significantly elevated D Dimer. A computer tomography pulmonary angiogram demonstrated a large embolus with a further filling defects within the left and the right atria, abutting the interatrial septum. Suspicion of a paradoxical pulmonary embolus was raised and the patient subsequently underwent echocardiography which confirmed a patent foramen ovale(PFO). He was commenced on warfarin therapy. In patients with elevated right heart pressure, a PFO can be unmasked and give rise to cerebral emboli. Clinical suspicion should be raised in patients with pulmonary emboli or deep venous thrombosis if there is a concomitant history of focal neurological symptoms.
文摘A febrile and unconscious man was sent to our emergency department. On physical examinations, some dark red ecchymosis/discoloration over the trunk and track mark in the left-sided groin region were seen. Brain CT scan showed septic emboli complicated with hemorrhage. Chest X-ray revealed pulmonary emboli. Aortic valve vegetation was found by echocardiography. Although aggressive treatment and resuscitation were taken, he died of methicillin-sensitiveStaphylococcus aureus sepsis and multiple organ failure. Intravenous drug users are susceptible to right-sided infective endocarditis. In our case, left-sided infective endocarditis with lung and brain embolism resulting in fatality was relatively uncommon. Review of literature was also made for this article.
文摘Pulmonary embolism is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Risk factors include venous stasis, endothelial injury, and hypercoagulability. Prevention centers on the use of sequential compression devices and anticoagulation in the hospital patient. This is the case of a 45-year-old male who presented for open reduction and internal fixation of tibia plateau fracture. He developed a saddle embolus during the perioperative period which was diagnosed in the recovery room after workup for the cause of his poor oxygenation. A chest computed tomographic scan showed an extensive saddle embolus with partial occlusion of the bilateral main pulmonary arteries and all segmental pulmonary artery branches. This case report discusses his diagnosis, management and clinical course. In addition, risk factors, treatment and prevention for pulmonary embolus and described.
文摘Objective:To study the different effects of mechanical embolus removal and intra-arterial thrombolysis on neural functional recovery in patients with acute middle cerebral artery occlusion.Methods: Patients with acute middle cerebral artery occlusion who were treated in the First Hospital of Yulin between September 2013 and October 2017 were selected and retrospectively studied, and the differences in reperfusion therapies in history data were referred to divide them into study group A and study group B who underwent mechanical embolus removal and intra-arterial thrombolysis respectively. The levels of neurocyte damage markers, apoptosis markers and stress markers in serum as well as the expression of Wnt pathway molecules in peripheral blood were determined before treatment and 24 h after treatment.Results: Compared with those of same group before treatment, serum NSE, S100B, VILIP1, sFas, sFasL, ET-1 and MDA levels as well as peripheral blood GSK3β, LC3-II and Beclin1 expression intensity of both groups were decreasing whereas serum BDNF, NTF, sLivin and SOD levels as well as peripheral bloodβ-catenin and mTOR expression intensity were increasing, and serum NSE, S100B, VILIP1, sFas, sFasL, ET-1 and MDA levels as well as peripheral blood GSK3β, LC3-II and Beclin1 expression intensity of study group A after treatment were lower than those of study group B whereas serum BDNF, NTF, sLivin and SOD levels as well as peripheral bloodβ-catenin and mTOR expression intensity were higher than those of study group B.Conclusion: Mechanical embolus removal for acute middle cerebral artery occlusion can be more effective than intra-arterial thrombolysis to reduce the nerve function damage as well as the corresponding oxidative stress and apoptosis.
文摘BACKGROUND Radioactive iodine-125(125I)microparticle therapy is a new type of internal radiation therapy that has shown unique advantages in the treatment of malignant tumors,especially hepatocellular carcinoma.Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma frequently experience portal vein embolism,which exacerbates the difficulty and complexity of treatment.125I particles,used in local radiotherapy,can directly act on tumor tissue and reduce damage to surrounding healthy tissue.Through retrospective analysis,this study discussed the efficacy and safety of radioactive 125I particles in portal vein embolization patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in order to provide more powerful evidence supporting clinical treatment.AIM To investigate the effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with portal vein 125I particle implantation in the treatment of primary liver cancer patients with portal vein tumor thrombus and its influence on liver function.METHODS The clinical data of 96 patients with primary liver cancer combined with portal vein tumor thrombus admitted to our hospital between January 2020 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Fifty-two patients received treatment with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and implantation of 125I particles in the portal vein(combination group),while 44 patients received treatment with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization alone(control group).The therapeutic effects on tumor lesions,primary liver cancer,and portal vein tumor embolisms were compared between the two groups.Changes in relevant laboratory indexes before and after treatment were evaluated.The t test was used to compare the measurement data between the two groups,and the χ^(2) test was used to compare the counting data between groups.RESULTS The tumor lesion response rate in the combination group(59.62%vs 38.64%)and the response rate of patients with primary liver cancer complicated with portal vein tumor thrombus(80.77%vs 59.09%)were significantly greater than those in the control group(χ^(2)=4.196,5.421;P=0.041,0.020).At 8 wk after surgery,the serum alpha-fetoprotein,portal vein main diameter,and platelet of the combined group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,and total bilirubin were significantly greater than those of the control group(t=3.891,3.291,2.330,3.729,3.582,4.126;P<0.05).The serum aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,and total bilirubin levels of the two groups were significantly greater than those of the same group 8 wk after surgery(P<0.05),and the peripheral blood platelet,alphafetoprotein,and main portal vein diameter were significantly less than those of the same group before surgery(P<0.05).CONCLUSION In patients with primary liver cancer and a thrombus in the portal vein,transcatheter arterial chemoembolization plus portal vein 125I implantation is more effective than transcatheter arterial chemoembolization alone.However,during treatment it is crucial to pay attention to liver function injury caused by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.
文摘Computed tomography (CT)-guided lung biopsy is a common diagnostic procedure that is associated with various complications, including pneumothorax, hemoptysis and parenchymal hemorrhage. Systemic air embolism is a very rare (0.07%) but potentially lifethreatening complication. We report a fatal case of air embolism to the cerebral and coronary arteries confirmed by head and chest CT, followed by a review of the literature.
文摘To develop an easy, reproducible experimental model of cerebral infarction(CI)without craniotomy in New Zealand white rabbits,a silicone rubber cylinder embedded in a nylon suture was delivered to the middle cerebral arteries through the internal carotid artery in anesthetized animals.Rabbits were sacrificed 0.5-5 h after embolization.CI size and location were ascertained by the tripheny1-2H-tetrazoliuni chloride(TTC)staining method;cerebral blood flow(CBF)was measured prior to and after embolization.Pco2,temperature and blood pressure were monitored and kept constant.CI occurred in all rabbits after 4 h of ischemia,in 50% after 3 h and only in 33% after 2.5 h.CI did not occur within less than 2.5 h of ischemia.No correlation was found between size and location of CI and occlusion time.CBF was maximally reduced in the right MCA territory but was also reduced in both anterior cerebral arteries and left MCA territories.This model is technically easy and the retrievable embolus allows the study of reperfusion by pulling on the nylon suture.It is suitable for studying chemical and molecular changes of the ischemic cells and/or for studying neuroimage changes after ischemic stroke.
文摘Acute limb ischemia is a urgent condition which occurs when there is an abrupt interruption of blood flow into an extremity usually because of either embolic or thrombotic vascular occlusion. Restoration of perfusion through early intervention can decrease amputation and mortality. Contemporary treatment includes both surgery and endovascular techniques. There is a rapid progress in endovascular intervention therapy. This article aims to make a comprehensive review of the endovascular intervention options of acute limb ischemia.